Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

La pigmentación melánica es una característica de la encía que podría ser considerada como antiestética; tanto por el profesional como por el paciente. Uno de los tratamientos que ha demostrado mayor efectividad es la des- pigmentación mediante el uso del láser; sin embargo, su alto costo limita el acceso en algunos estratos sociales, por ello, se emplean otros métodos, tales como: la abrasión con fresas diamantadas, la criocirugía y la electro- cirugía. Otra alternativa es el uso del nitrato de plata que actúa produciendo coagulación del epitelio, edema y desnaturalización de proteínas; permitiendo una regeneración óptima del epitelio y logrando una estética gingival adecuada. Se presenta un reporte de caso con el uso de esta técnica y su posterior control por periodos hasta los 18 meses post tratamiento.

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Homicidal violence is present and spatialized throughout the municipality of Marituba, especially in subnormal clusters –where, in the 2011-2013 period, more than 200 murders were recorded. Consequently, the conflicts marked by violent actions and deaths show a territorial problem, -in its complex meaning, in the organization and structuring of collective life. In this regards, the question that aligns the (dis)order and violence is the same that connects local empowerment, the achievement of quality of life and social development. Consequently, homicidal violence is a reflection of the socio-political weakness of communities that demonstrate the performance of enforcement clusters. This article aims at demonstrating, through the analysis of official data, bibliographical and field research, how the exclusion and enforcement clusters are territorialized in the municipality of Marituba, how security institutions are evident, and where violence is concentrated and /or is most vehemently evident.

Stress transfer from the subduction zone in the Pacific towards the continental interior has determined the current configuration of the morphotectonic rim for the Mexican environment. This process produced two transverse deformed zones, Puerto Vallarta and Tehuantepec. By using the Rantsman methodology, we found the same morphostructural and morphotectonic pattern with certain changes in Puerto Vallarta. We determined 6 blocks, 29 micro blocks, 6 main lineaments and 4 main intersections of lineaments. These elements are in correspondence with the zones with most significant activity and neotectonic deformation (~38000 km2), with a NW-SE main axis. We used the same technique for the Oaxaca region -adjacent to Tehuantepec, where 8 blocks, 25 micro blocks, 8 main lineaments and 14 major intersections of lineaments were identified. This set delimits a deformation zone (~ 40000 km2) with an E-W main axis. The analysis of seismicity, focal mechanisms, main active faults, fractures, lineaments, volcanic bodies and speed of plates convergence with the obtained models allows considering a rotation movement linked to Rivera microplate in Puerto Vallarta, while in Oaxaca there is a direct convergence of Cocos Plate -where there is no rotation.

The "green revolution", spread from the second half of the 20th century, disseminated the use of chemical agents and heavy machinery in agriculture. In Brazil, farmers had to adapt to this new policy for the widespread use of pesticides and fertilizers, due to the mandatory subsequent applications of these products in crops with bank financing. Studies have shown that the lack of information on the part of the workers in the frequent use and handling of these poisons causes serious problems to their health, contaminates the biota, and consumers. Currently, the state of Ceará has stood out as an important fruit producer. In this context, the municipality of Cariús-CE, Brazil, stands out with an annual production of 200t of guava. However, there are few studies regarding the impacts generated by this activity. The purpose of this study was to assess the socioenvironmental aspects of guava production in the city of Cariús - CE, Brazil, in order to identify the socioenvironmental problems generated.

An affectation indicator for natural hazards was created. This indicator considers direct and indirect affectation based on variables included in the DesInventar database and the CNE reports between 1970 and 2015 at a district level. This information led to determine the location of the most vulnerable communities of the Alajuela canton. After this process and with the cooperation of Integral Development Associations through interviews and fieldwork, the vulnerability of these populations was identified. As a result, the most affected districts and the most vulnerable communities to natural hazards in the Alajuela canton were identified. This information will be used by the Alajuela Municipality for risk mitigation, prevention, and management.

El Muerto stream, in the State of Mexico, presents pollution generated by human activities within its micro-watershed. The management of the contamination problem can be developed through the characteristics of water management. Because of this situation, the study of the water management process was undertaken to understand it from a five-core analysis: biophysical, socio-cultural, economic, technological and political-administrative, in order to find an alternative to simple visions regarding water use, and achieve a methodological management proposal.

The study of cities, from a historiographical perspective, it benefits from the tools of other disciplines to understand the magnitude of the changes that occur in them. Therefore, a research in Urban History made in the Central District of Barva, city of Costa Rica, relied on the use of aerial photos, maps and population registers to understand its transformation from a rural setting to an urban one, between 1945 and 2014.  The use of mapping and census research tools will be showed in an Applied History research. As a result of its use, three periods were defined, each one with a different configuration, and a demographic transformation was exposed, thus observing the modification of the urban morphology as a direct action of the human being.

Una buena adaptación marginal disminuye la probabilidad de caries, enfermedad periodontal y fracaso de la restauración. La adaptación interna es el ajuste entre la superfi cie de la preparación y la superfi cie interna de la restauración, proporcionando retención. La aleación metálica más usada es la de níquel-cromo (Ni-Cr); sin embargo presenta limitaciones como reacciones alérgicas. La aleación cobalto-cromo (Co-Cr) es una alternativa por tener biocompatibilidad, resistencia mecánica, resistencia a la corrosión y costo aceptable. Las nuevas tecnologías digitalizadas han permitido migrar de la técnica de cera perdida colada por centrifugación (CPC) a la manufactura de fresado o a la fabricación aditiva, como el de fusión selectiva por láser (SLM). Objetivos: Comparar la discrepancia marginal e interna de cofi as unitarias de aleación Cobalto-Cromo (Co-Cr) sobre una línea de terminación chamfer, confeccionadas con dos técnicas: CPC y SLM, determinando cual técnica tuvo mejor adaptación marginal e interna. Material y Métodos: Se no hay espacio entre las palabras metálicas unitarias de aleación Co-Cr para cada técnica a evaluar. Se utilizó la réplica de silicona para evaluar las discrepancias marginales e internas, cada muestra fue seccionada en cruz en sentido vestíbulo-palatino y en sentido mesiodistal, luego con un estéreomicroscopio se evaluó la zona cervical, axial y oclusal. Resultados: Se evaluó los supuestos de normalidad con la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk. Los análisis estadísticos fueron la prueba t de Student y U Mann-Whitney. La SLM obtuvo una menor discrepancia marginal en comparación con la CPC encontrándose diferencias estadísticamente signifi cativas (p<0,05) entre ambas técnicas. En cambio, al comparar la discrepancia interna no se encontraron diferencias estadísticas. Conclusiones: La mejor adaptación marginal fue para las cofi as metálicas de SLM. En cuanto a la adaptación interna, los valores descriptivos no fueron concluyentes para decidir que técnica fue mejor.