Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: The safety of blood products depends to a large extent on blood donor selection and the reliable performance of laboratory tests. Objective: To evaluate the results of the laboratory tests in the quality control in the blood bank.  Methods: a descriptive and cross-sectional study that was carried out including the data obtained from the registers of donation, reception and releases of blood batches from january 2014 october 2015 at the Department of Blood Bank belonging to Abel Santamaria Cuadrado General Teaching Hospital. The results of the initial screening of infectious markers, laboratory examinations carried out following the quality assurance of the components obtained and the non-compulsory loss within the process were evaluated. Results: 8079 donations were processed, predominantly male (93.7%). 3.3% of donors were rejected for low hemoglobin, 2% for positivity in initial screening for hepatitis C antibodies as the most common cause. Laboratory tests were performed on 4.7% of the total annual production; the most studied component was concentrated erythrocytes for 2.1%. There were variations in the number of leukocytes and erythrocytes in the platelet and plasma concentrate, lipemia predominated as non-obligatory low  Conclusion: to emphasize the systematization of promotion work to reach voluntary blood donation, the quality of blood donor selection, food education and the systematic screening of donors to improve these results.

Introduction: the elimination of vertical transmission of HIV from mother to child is one of the main objectives of the global fight to end AIDS in 2030. In the absence of any intervention transmission rates are 15% -45%, effective interventions reduce these figures to levels below 5%.Objective: to characterize the health status of the children of HIV / AIDS mothers in the Provincial Hospital "Bonifacio Ondo Edú", of Evinayong in 2016.Methods: a longitudinal and descriptive study was carried out on 43 patients selected by simple random sampling with a history of seropositive mothers, in 2016, at the Bonifacio Ondo Edú Provincial Hospital, Evinayong, South Center, Equatorial Guinea. Empirical methods were used to obtain data, stored in a spreadsheet created in EXCEL 15.0 of OFFICE.Results: a higher prevalence of infants born at term, with a good birth weight and by vaginal route. It was found that the total of those who did not comply with the established follow-up protocol passed to the current condition of patients.Conclusion: comprehensive care for exposed children of mothers with HIV / AIDS in Evinayong district proved to be valid, as it guaranteed a low rate of vertical transmission, which allowed us to make a proposal for a comprehensive guide of work that defines diagnostic, therapeutic and promotional actions. 

Introduction: autoimmune hemolytic anemia is a type of low-grade acquired hemolytic anemia, produced by antibodies against the patient's own erythrocytes leading to their destruction. Case report: a 12 year-old female patient arrived in the emergency room for shortness of breath and headache. She noticed colored urine and stools from a week of evolution and 2 days earlier began with severe headache, fever, vomiting, loss of appetite and marked weakness. She was hospitalized due to suspected leptospirosis. Hemoglobin: 50 gl, Hto: 015 L / L. Reticulocyte count: 16x10 -3 / L. Total bilirubin: 63 mmol / L, direct bilirubin: 12 mmol / L, Indirect bilirubin: 51 mmol / L, Coombs direct: negative. Leptospira rapid test: Negative. On the third day: Hemoglobin: 50 gl, Hematocrit: 015 L / l. Erythrocytes: 100 mm / h. Reticulocyte count: 5x10-3. She was transfused, hydrated and underwent antibiotic treatment, employs intacglobin and prednisone. On the seventh day: Coombs direct: IgG positive with activity at 37 ° C. Treatment continued: at day 21 Hemoglobin: 85 g / L, Hematocrit: 0.25 L / L, Reticulocyte count: 200 x 10-3. Conclusion: sepsis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia was the definitive diagnosis. The caso of this patient constitutes an interesting case to show in the beginning negative test of Coombs that later when imposing the appropriate treatment and diminishing the lysis of erythroid cells, was positive and allowed the diagnosis of certainty which contributed to the good final evolution of the patient. 

Introduction: the use of hard contact lenses is a highly used option in our hospitals to correct refractive defects, a fundamental cause of visual limitation in the province.Objective: to describe the visual results in patients with contact lenses by ametropias in Pinar del Río.Method: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out at Abel Santamaría Cuadrado General Teaching Hospital in Pinar del Río during 2015. Target Group: 210 patients needing contact lenses, sample: 192 patients (353 eyes) with ametropias of more than 2 diopters corrected with hard contact lens. The descriptive statistics was used. Results: 72% were female patients, ages from 4 to 20 prevailed (53.6%). The most frequent refractive defect was myopic astigmatism with a total of 267 eyes (75.6%). The uncorrected visual acuity of 0.3 or less (96.9%) prevailed in the different age groups, showing a significant improvement after the use of the contact lenses, a better corrected visual acuity was obtained above this value in 97.3% of the cases and in all age groups, the average was 0.890 ± 0.20.Conclusion: the use of hard contact lenses was more frequent in young women with combined myopic astigmatism, and the results were satisfactory evidenced by a better corrected visual acuity.

 Periodo de 1987 a 1999El 3 de diciembre de 1987, el servicio de Nefrología se traslada al recién inaugurado Hospital "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado". La sala tipo en estos hospitales tenían un local acondicionado para cuatro riñones artificiales y una cama de diálisis peritoneal. Después de discusión y análisis con los proyectistas y constructores se modificó y se adecuó un cubículo de ingresos de tres camas para realizar las diálisis peritoneales, se construyó un laboratorio clínico y se pudo incrementar a cinco los equipos de hemodiálisis utilizando igualmente un suavizador para tratamiento de agua. Las 12 camas para ingresados más las asignadas al TSFR y el laboratorio estuvieron ubicadas en la sala G (actual MG)El número de médicos se fue incrementando progresivamente con la entrada de los doctores Sergio Arencibia Vento en 1991, Oscar Hernández Oliva al año siguiente, Rosa Alfonso Pérez en 1994 y Orlando Lugo Díaz en 1998. También se incrementó el número de enfermeras, permaneciendo el Dr. Soto León al frente del servicio y la Licenciada Rafaela Ajete como jefa de enfermeras, cargo que ocupó hasta el 2003, siendo necesario resaltar que desde el inicio del tratamiento dialítico en el Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente "Dr. León Cuervo Rubio" y posteriormente en el Hospital general Docente "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado " realizó un excelente trabajo administrativo y asistencial, que indudablemente influyó en el buen funcionamiento del servicio.La presión asistencial fue incrementándose progresivamente, de 44 casos dializándose en 1993 a 68 en 1999 (datos obtenidos estadísticas del servicio Nefrología) por lo que fue necesario ir añadiendo equipos de hemodiálisis en locales sin las condiciones necesarias, así como realizar diálisis peritoneales con pocas condiciones, produciéndose una sobreexplotación de equipos y camas que motivó que las diálisis fueran inadecuadas con una alta morbilidad. Sin embargo, la mortalidad bruta en diálisis se mantuvo entre las más bajas del país e inclusive en 1997 fue la menor (6.9 %) gracias al esfuerzo mancomunado de médicos, enfermeras y el resto del personal del servicio.

Introduction: cancer in general, even in pediatric ages has been a scourge that has affected humanity in all times. Before the 1960s, the word cancer was synonymous with death, but with the course of time, the tenacity of scientists, the development of molecular biology, and the availability of more effective treatments have allowed opening a new perspective for those who were previously "predestined to death”. Objective: to discuss about the importance of social reincorporation and the repercussion on their quality of life of pediatric patients with cancer once cured. Final considerations: the area under discussion was approached with systematic pieces of knowledge starting from the conceptions and more general aspects until arriving at the precision of the own aspects of pediatric patients affected by cancer. Criteria were formulated that can be of concern not only for patients but also for relatives, trying at all times to raise awareness of those professionals and authorities that in one way or another participate in this process. Conclusions: the survival rates that are currently obtained in pediatric patients with cancer make it necessary to address new clinical and psychological problems in the follow-up of these patients. The activity should include both the sick child and his / her family, neighbors, teachers and classmates, who must learn to manage the new situation of the patient once he / she is incorporated into normal life standards.    

Introduction: congenital spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, a type of bone dysplasia manifest from the infancy stage, is caused by mutations in the COL2A1 gene, located on chromosome 12, causing defects in type II collagen, a major component of cartilage. This type of collagen is also found in the vitreous body of the eye and in the intervertebral discs. This disease is characterized by low size to predominance of the thorax, being short by the serious platyspondilia that causes the deformities.Clinical case: a 12-year-old patient presented a deformity of the lumbar spine from the age of 6 months. It presents low size with thoracic deformity, widening in the joint of elbows and knees. The family was asked to authorize several radiological studies, as well as physical examination and to take photos that would aid in the clinical diagnosis.Conclusions: Considering the importance of multidisciplinary follow-up between orthopedic, radiologist and clinical geneticist to make a correct diagnosis. Achieving the same thanks to the use of an effective tool, clinical or pattern method. This allowed to offer an adequate monitoring and genetic counseling to this family.

Introduction: Apert Syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder, this defect is caused by a spontaneous mutation, which affects receptor 2 of the fibroblast growth factor. Case report: a case of Apert syndrome was presented in a patient whose disease caused retardation in all areas of development, knowledge, language, self-care, social, motor (gross and fine), she received medical, surgical and rehabilitating treatment, obtaining favorable results, providing a better quality of life. Conclusion: a genetic dysmorphic syndrome was diagnosed, craniosynostosis and syndactyly predominated; the patient was assessed by a multidisciplinary team, where Apert syndrome was diagnosed.

Introduction: nowadays the system of activities with a systemic and trans-disciplinary approach has a special meaning, as it involves a diversity of scientific perspectives in order to achieve the expected results. Objective: to develop a system of activities for citizen education of adolescents and the elderly in the community project of Ana la Cub-Ana with a systemic and trans-disciplinary approach at Celso Maragoto Lara community in Pinar del Río municipality. Method: based on the extra-university activities of Pinar del Rio University of Medical Sciences, the study comprises the universe of inhabitants of the community, its population of old adults and adolescents, with a sample chosen by simple random criterion. Materialistic- dialectic method and others from the theoretical and the empirical levels were used. Results: the system of activities promoted, along with the improvement of the senior adult program in intergenerational relationships, are based on the design of the project program with a significant appreciation of changes in the behaviors of its members and positive influences on the community development, on  the  institutions and  the population. Conclusion: through the community work and the extra-university activities of the medical students, scientific and methodological development of the professors involved in this project, together with the enhancement of political- ideological work having a systemic and trans-disciplinary approach, favorable changes of its citizens and the values identified are developed in the community.

Introduction: modern medicine favors the increase of age in humans, mild anemias should not be considered as a manifestation of aging, although the symptomatology is subtle, adapting its activities according to conditions of the general state, being the coloration of skin and sclerotic ones a diagnostic key for the internist in his study and thus improve the quality of life.Objective: to determine the relationship between the degree of anemia and validism in hospitalized patients in the Internal Medicine service.Method: an observational, descriptive and longitudinal study of the institutionalized elderly with low hemoglobin levels in the study period was performed, this being one of the factors involved in the existence and permanence of geriatric syndromes.Results: 63.6% of the treated elderly showed a 30% prevalence, changes in the external appearance and a decrease in the previous capacities were in evidence. The distribution of cases according to the degree of anemia was: 42.3% had mild anemia, moderate anemia 29.2% and severe 28.5%.Conclusions: it was shown that the anemia predominated in the eighth decade of life and male sex with a white skin color, the mild one being more frequent, and how as the amount of hemoglobin decreases the percentage of elderly who become dependent for the accomplishment of daily activities increases, especially those instrumented. ANEMIA; AGED; QUALITY OF LIFE.