Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

 Introduction: chronic myeloid leukemia, also known as myelogenous or chronic granulocytic leukemia, is defined as a malignant myeloproliferative hematologicmyelogenous or chronic granulocytic leukemia, is defined as a clonal malignant myeloproliferative hematologic neoplastic disease of pluripotent stem cells classified according to the latest World Health Organization classification within the group of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms.Objective: to clinically and epidemiologically characterize chronic myeloid leukemia in the General Teaching Hospital "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" of Pinar del Río, in the period 1987-2018.Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out including patients diagnosed with CML. The sample was constituted by a total of 105 cases. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were taken into account to collect the information, the results were processed in a computer and were taken to tables and graphs for better study and understanding.Results: the predominant age group was over 40 years old, with an average age of 54,68 years, and 54 % of the cases were male and 54 % female. Twenty-two cytogenetic studies were performed, resulting in 21 positive results, and 17 molecular rearrangements to BCR/ABL, resulting in 16 positive results. Hydroxyurea is the most commonly used treatment at debut and only 15 patients have been incorporated into the Imatinib protocol. Survival over 5 years was 33,3 % and over 10 years was 13,3 %.Conclusions: it was found that it is necessary to incorporate more patients to the imatinib protocol, which would result in better responses to treatment and better overall survival rates.

 Introduction: In recent times it is evident in our country that in the Longevity Stage one of the most frequent pathologies in the Specialty of Orthopedics and Traumatology is the hip fracture, it is a common serious injury that occurs mainly in elderly people. With old age, falls occur due to the risk factors that are present, appearing as a result of these falls one of the most frequent fractures in older adults.Objective: To demonstrate that with the mobilization and rehabilitation of geriatric patients operated on for hip fracture we avoid multiple complications and their incorporation into society, for a satisfactory longevity.Methods: A study was carried out in older adults aged 60 years or more operated on hip belonging to the Province of Pinar del Río, who are treated in the Specialized Outpatient Clinic in different municipalities, during the period from January to December 2021. Educational interventions were carried out in the outpatient clinics, with the aim of guiding the postoperative care and management of the elderly patient operated on for hip fracture.Results: patients who had an early mobilization and effective rehabilitation did not present complications and were incorporated to daily life with a better quality of life; the knowledge of patients and family members on this subject was modified.Conclusions: it was demonstrated that with effective mobilization and rehabilitation multiple complications were avoided and the patients were incorporated to daily life with a better quality of life; the knowledge on this subject was modified.

Communication skills are necessary in clinical practice from the mere fact of analyzing the patient as an integral unit (bio-psycho, social, spiritual and cultural) and where optimal communication is guaranteed, for the sake of health promotion, disease prevention and timely therapy, as an essential element of a medical practice that recognizes the human being as a personality, which is registered in the model of the MGI professional. The research is oriented to the improvement of the formation of communicative skills in MGI residents of the Luis A Turcios Lima polyclinic of Pinar del Río. To achieve this, a strategy of this process was based on the principles of sequential and contextualized character; in which the skills to be trained are determined by abilities such as: apply, observe, identify, value, make, participate and execute, which respond to the professional's way of acting; all of which goes through the stages of orientation, execution and control and is structured through the didactic components that typify it as a process and as a result.

Introduction: cancer is a disease of multifactorial origin, related to genetic and environmental risk factors. Aging is a phenomenon that occurs in the world and in Cuba.Objective: to evaluate the risk factors associated with some types of cancer in the older adult belonging to the medical office 12 of the Ernesto Guevara de la Serna polyclinic, Sandino in the period September 2018 to May 2019.Method: a longitudinal and prospective analytical study was carried out, the universe was constituted by 332 older adults, a simple random sample of 90 older adults was selected, the variables used gave them output to the research objectives, theoretical, empirical and descriptive statistics methods were used, given absolute and percentage frequency.Results: 32,2 % belonged to the age group 65-69 years, 64,4 % were female, 66,7 % were white, with pre-university school level, had other occupations, 40 % were married, normal weight (50 %) and overweight (33,3 %), 40 % were sedentary, had up to 3 risk factors associated with 45,5 %, such as family pathological history of hypertension and personal history of hypertension, and breast cancer.Conclusions: risk factors such as sedentary lifestyle, bad eating habits and smoking predominated; the combination of several of these factors favors the appearance of breast, endometrial and colorectal cancer in women and lung, colorectal and prostate cancer in men.

Middle-aged women in Cuba, due to the increase in life expectancy, as well as professional opportunities, play a triple shift role, so it is essential to identify the risk factors in the performance of labor activity related to the physiological process of aging. A bibliographic review was carried out with the aim of updating the knowledge that relates work activity and aging in women from 50 to 59 years old as a risk factor for a satisfactory longevity. The objective was achieved, resulting common in several authors the extension of work capacity and improvement of health status at older ages, so that contractors and contractors should team up to modify age-related practices and methods of operation, promoting healthier organization and work environment. Consequently, and in conclusion, health promotion should occupy a central place in the policies and strategies of each work center towards healthy lifestyles, guided by a health professional that enhances the perception of specific risk of the profession and towards a satisfactory longevity.

The paper deals with learning strategies and their necessity in contemporary education as a way to provide lifelong learning to medical science students. It systematizes some of the most used theoretical positions in the understanding of the subject. It aims to present a theoretical position from a complex and dialectical approach in relation to the perception of learning strategies and the way in which these positions have evolved, highlighting the role that the teacher should play to promote their development. The intention of the present work, leads to the discussion of a detected problem and, above all, raises lines of action that lead to an improvement, however, this improvement is presented in an innovative way, since it starts from the theoretical support, from those arguments that characters of the psychology of learning and cognition have raised, through their explanations of how the process of learning occurs, from the process of teaching. The data reveal that high-performing students use more strategies than low-performing ones. Hence the importance of guiding students in the use of learning strategies so that they can perform a variety of tasks and facilitate the study of the different disciplines that make up the curriculum throughout their careers, helping them to be more autonomous and effective in their learning.

Introduction: platelet antiaggregant are part of the treatment of patients with ischemic heart disease.Objective: to characterize the response of platelet antiaggregant in patients with ischemic heart disease.Methods: observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study in patients with ischemic heart disease treated at the "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" General Teaching Hospital between January 2018 and November 2019. The sample consisted of 146 patients receiving standard doses of ASA (tablet 125 mg ). The patients were randomly distributed into two groups: ASA groups (n= 73) and the ASA + clopidogrel group (n= 73).Results: male sex (60,9 %) and dyslipidemia as a risk factor (74,6 %) predominated. A greater number of patients without response to aggregation was found in the patients of the ASA group (10,3 % vs 6,8 %). The main risk factors for non-responders were obesity (ASA: 70,6 % vs ASA + clopidogrel: 75 %) and diabetes mellitus (ASA: 70,6 % vs ASA + clopidogrel: 87,5 %). The largest number of non-responders had an LVEF < 30 % (10,3 % of patients).Conclusions: therapeutics with ASA and ASA + clopidogrel achieve adequate platelet antiaggregation in patients with ischemic heart disease. Patients who receive only ASA tend to present a null response to antiaggregant therapy to a greater extent. Non-responders to antiaggregant therapy were mostly diabetic and obese, with a history of acute coronary syndrome and a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.

Introducción: desde el inicio de la pandemia en diciembre de 2019 se documentó, además de los síntomas respiratorios y sistémicos, múltiples manifestaciones neurológicas relacionadas con la COVID-19 y puntualmente el síndrome de Guillain-Barré.Objetivo: describir el Síndrome de Guillain-Barré asociado a infección por COVID-19 en cuanto a fisiopatología, clínica, diagnóstico y tratamiento.Método: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica durante los meses de octubre y septiembre de 2021, con búsqueda de información en bases de datos como Pub-med/Medline, Dialnet y SciELO. Se consultaron 30 referencias.Desarrollo: el síndrome de Guillain-Barré es una polirradiculoneuropatía inflamatoria aguda, desencadenado por múltiples microorganismos, siendo el virus SARS-CoV-2 el patógeno causal más reciente, probablemente debido a una respuesta autoinmune por mimetismo molecular, con manifestaciones clínicas similares a las del síndrome de Guillain-Barré prepandemia de relación temporal variable que sugiere presentación parainfeccioso y posinfeccioso, cuyo diagnóstico se realiza a través de un adecuado examen físico y neurológico, exámenes complementarios y punción lumbar para el análisis del líquido cefalorraquídeo. La inmunoglobulina intravenosa (IgIV) a 400 mg/kg/día durante cinco días, en complemento al manejo de soporte para la infección propia por SARS COV-2 suele ser el tratamiento de elección.Conclusiones: con la aparición y evolución de la sintomatología del Síndrome de Guillain-Barré concomitante a la infección por SARS-CoV-2, se genera en el clínico la pertinencia de un estudio más a profundidad, con el fin de realizar un diagnóstico adecuado e iniciar el tratamiento precoz y oportuno con el cual se mejoren los posibles desenlaces del paciente.

ABSTRACTIntroduction: the periodic evaluation of the scientific production of a journal is the reliable tool that will allow evaluating the trend and quality of the science published in it.Objective: to characterize the scientific production published in the journal Universidad Médica Pinareña during the period 2017-2020.Methods: a bibliometric study of the articles published in the journal Universidad Médica Pinareña during the period 2017-2020 was carried out. The universe studied consisted of 177 articles. The following variables were analyzed: year of publication, type of article, number of authors, country of origin of the main author, language in which the article was written, number of bibliographic references and their degree of updating. Descriptive statistics were used and the Price and annual collaboration indexes were calculated. Results: it was found that 88 (49,7 %) papers were original and 61 (34,5 %) belonged to the year 2020. A total of 614 authors published, with an average of 3,5 authors per article. It was observed that 58 (32,8 %) articles were signed by five authors, 168 (94,9 %) came from Cuba, and 175 (98,9 %) were written in Spanish. The annual collaboration index had an average value of 3,44. The average number of bibliographic references per article was 13,6 and the Price index was 0,67.Conclusions: the journal had satisfactory metric indicators. There was an increase in originality and adequate updating of its contents; however, there is a tendency to a decrease in the percentage of updating of bibliographic references.

Introduction: sigmoid volvulus is responsible for 50-75% of large bowel obstructions worldwide.Objective: to characterise the patients treated surgically for sigmoid volvulus at the "Joaquín Albarrán" Clinical Surgical Hospital during the period January-December 2019.Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out in 19 patients treated surgically for sigmoid volvulus. The following variables were studied: age, sex, clinical manifestations, surgical procedure performed, complications and time of evolution of the disease.Results: patients over 60 years of age and male sex constituted 79 % of the total number of patients. All 19 patients manifested pain, abdominal distension and tympanism, while vomiting occurred in 16 cases. The most commonly used surgical procedure was termino-terminal resection and anastomosis.  Some type of complication occurred in 57,9 % of the patients, with surgical site infection being the most frequent. The average complication occurred in patients with approximately 3 days of evolution.Conclusions: in patients over 60 years of age, male, treated for mechanical bowel occlusion, the cause was sigmoid volvulus, where pain, abdominal distension and tympanism were common clinical manifestations. The predominant type of operation was sigmoidectomy plus primary anastomosis; the most frequent postoperative complication was surgical site infection and most complications occurred within the first 3 days.