Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In this research work we review the fact that although there are different sets of databases with medical images of mammograms of breast cancer, these data are not really sufficient for the training of artificial intelligence systems to find signs of breast cancer in the images, so we propose the creation of new images that help to complement the data sets allowing better training in the systems that help the diagnosis of this disease.

The detection of microbleeds in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies through the Susceptibility Weighted Image (SWI) technique is presented. The SWI technique has shown to play a relevant role in the identification of microbleeds, unlike conventional MRI techniques, the sensitivity is higher for detecting microbleeds and iron deposits. This work presents a technique for the quantitative detection of microbleeds through the implementation of Shannon entropy. It is complemented with a statistical analysis of the results and establishes a specific range that allows for the early detection of these structures in future research. Preliminary results suggest that this method represents a significant advancement in the accurate and timely detection of cerebral microbleeds, offering an alternative to traditional Magnetic Resonance approaches, suggesting that artificial intelligence is a promising path for deeper investigations in this field.

Cities are centers that generate employment, innovation, and improve the quality of life, basic services, and housing. Rapid and unplanned expansion brings with it undesirable consequences for social and economic development. In Mexico, three out of four people live in a city. For this reason. the aim in this paper is to model and predict urban expansion in Zacatecas-Guadalupe cities (Mexico) using support vector machines, and thus carry out a better planning. In order to achieve this objective, land use and land cover maps corresponding to the period 2000–2020 were used, as well as the inclusion of socioeconomic, topographic, and cultural attribute variables. A soft SVM model was developed with a training accuracy of 92.4%, a validation accuracy of 93% and an F1-Score of 86.3%. In the obtained results, it can be observed that the proximity to already urbanized areas and the type of land use have a high influence on urbanization

This paper analyses the discursive construction of stereotypes of black women in Brazil, focusing on the discrimination of the domestic worker. Based on the theory of Discourse Analysis, proposed by Michel Pêcheux (1975; 1983), in dialogue with the theoretical production of black feminist Lélia Gonzalez (1983), it is analysed a corpus composed of texts published in the Brazilian media around two controversies with significant repercussion in 2013:  the approval of the bill EMC 72-2013, nicknamed "PEC of domestic workers", a project that extended to domestic workers rights already guaranteed to other formal workers in the country, and the federal program "More Doctors", which aims to hire doctors to work in cities with a shortage of basic health services. The statement that provokes the analysis was posted on social networks by a journalist about the "More Doctors" program: "Forgive me if it's prejudice, but these Cuban doctors have the face of a maid. Are they really doctors?" We describe how the meanings for the designation "maid's face" are historically constructed, going through networks of memories in which the bodies of black women are signified (and disputed in their meanings) in the discourses of slavery and colonialism, of the construction of national identity based on the myth of racial democracy and of contemporary social movements of black women. Considering that the ideological struggle also takes place in the field of language, disputing the signifiers and producing regimes of visibility, we also analyse the displacements and equivocal meanings that affect this designation in the current conditions of production and circulation of social discourses about "maids" in the Brazilian public and political space.

We cannot deny, for better or for worse, that the democratization and accessibility of artificial intelligence represent an epistemological, social and technical turning point in society. In this context, it is necessary to investigate how tools for creating generative images represent and narrate the identities of people from a migrant background. On the basis of a common list of commands (prompts), entered in different geographical areas and in different languages, the purpose of this article is to determine whether the different tools generate representations that corroborate the maintenance of certain paradigms, such as those associated with stereotypes, or whether, on the contrary, they propose a different way of seeing the world by breaking with certain “received ideas” about immigrants. For this purpose, we use three different image generation tools, DALL-E 2, Midjourney and Stable Diffusion. The article presents two main aspects: the first, the establishment of a methodological research framework in relation to artificial intelligence tools; the second, the semiotic analysis of the results. The analysis of the images generated takes into account symbolic, political and expressive aspects, drawing on theoretical approaches from identity theories, sociosemiotics and discursive semiotics.

  This article aims to problematize the journalistic and mediatized narratives produced around a media-journalistic event orchestrated by Vogue magazine in 2022, through a report featuring the President of Ukraine and his wife, Olena Zelenska. The publication builds an approach centered on a “portrait of courage”, materialized through photographs by Annie Leibovitz, with the Ukrainian couple posing amid the ruins of war. This event shifts into the sphere of social actorization, which not only questions the practice of journalism but, through the didacticization of its collective narrative logics and skills (Albuquerque, 2000; Soster, 2023), begins to influence the flow of circulation (Fausto Neto, 2013; Rosa, 2020) across digital platforms. From the observation of this processuality, the guiding question of this study emerges: In what ways is Vogue magazine’s journalism challenged by narratives from social actors? And how does actorization affect the disputes over meaning through the re-signification of events? In pursuit of these answers, this text develops an analysis of a mediatized event, considering the Vogue report as an event created by the publication itself, and examining the traces of discursive circulation (Verón, 2004) through the markers of meaning present both in the report and in derivative posts. The analysis also draws on the concepts of mediatization (Gomes, 2022), conflicts (Cottle, 2006), and narratives about Ukraine (Horbyk & Orlova, 2023).

The aim of this article is to analyze the representation and use of faces in popular advertising in Lima (Peru). While previous literature has examined how aspirationality is constructed in major brand advertising campaigns, it has left a gap in the study of popular consumption and vernacular advertising. To address this, a qualitative approach was employed, analyzing 143 faces in 73 images collected from Lima’s Gamarra commercial emporium. The analysis identified four types of faces: concentrated, which look straight ahead with rigidity; conformist, which also look straight ahead but in a relaxed manner; maintained, which avert their gaze with a relaxed attitude; and effortful, which avert their gaze with rigidity. These facial representations construct consumer narratives and show how aspirationality, associated with Caucasian faces, permeates the visual strategies of popular commerce. Whiteness is linked to immediate consumption and ostentation, while mestizo (“cholo”) faces are more often oriented toward attracting purchases, frequently in a sexualized manner. The scarcity of Afro-descendant faces and the limited presence of everyday life discourses in the analyzed advertising suggest that popular consumption prioritizes direct sales and heightened provocation toward the act of purchase, leaving asiderepresentations of rest, social interaction, or reflection.

The article critically addresses the use of media images and visual strategies in the construction of protest narratives during socio-environmental conflicts in Chile. It analyzes the portraits of three activists –Alejandro Castro, Macarena Valdés, and Camilo Catrillanca– whose images were transformed into symbols of denunciation and resistance. Using a methodological approach based on inductive analysis and social semiotics, the research identifies visual resources that reshape the meaning of these faces in protests, street art, and digital media. The theoretical framework, grounded in framing theory, helps to understand how media, families, and social actors reinterpret these images to challenge dominant narratives and expose injustice. The activists’ portraits serve as icons that strengthen the struggle for socio-environmental justice, undermine the credibility of official accounts, and highlight tensions between state power and social movements.

This article proposes an analysis of the design of Uruguay’s national currency from a semiotic perspective. The corpus consists of the front sides of the seven Uruguayan peso banknotes currently in circulation. Through the examination of a set of significant oppositions and a comparative approach involving banknotes from other currencies in the region, the analysis highlights the formality of the portraits featured on the Uruguayan banknotes. This design choice is interpreted as an enunciative mark linked to the formality and official character of the national state.

This article explores the post-ancient mask as an approach to the playful experience in Hades (2020). To do this, we'll first address the notion of the post-ancient, a concept already outlined by Clare (2021) and understood as a remediation of the mythology and cultures of ancient Greece and Rome within video games. This perspective is reflected not only in the themes explored but also in the historical, literary, and religious references that are being considered as alternative modes for studying antiquity, as demonstrated by Vandewalle (2019, 2024) and Rollinger (2021). With this in mind, the notion of the post-ancient mask –acting as the link between the avatar and the player– will be examined through the remediation of the myth of Zagreus in Hades (2020). This remediation will be studied as an embodiment and, in turn, analyzed through the figuration of the gameworld and the game's repetition mechanic.