Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Objective: This article describes the feelings related to the experience of Chagas disease in the Chilean regions of Tarapacá, Atacama and Metropolitan. The study focused on feelings and emotions as subjective experiences of pregnant women and blood donors in relation to the Chagas health problem, aspects that underlie their interaction with the social and health system. Method: A qualitative methodology was employed and techniques such as in-depth interview, semi-structured interview and focus groups were used. A total of 176 nationals and migrants participated. Results: The relevance of fear and guilt, mainly experienced by women, was observed. Lack of knowledge and misinformation in the process of diagnosis and treatment and the meanings attributed to the disease are determinants of care. Conclusions: For the understanding of health processes and improvements in the health system, feelings and emotions around this problematic must be known. Considering subjectivities allows humanizing the strategies for approaching Chagas disease.

Introduction: A common theme that has characterized the evolution of qualitative methodologies in recent decades is a “transdisciplinary turn” in the form of the incorporation of techniques derived from the arts. Objective: To carry out a critical analysis of this trend in the field of health and mental health, through the description and explanation of the scope of two dispositifs, the artistic and the poetic. Method: The work is developed from duo-ethnography, understood as a dialogic process that generates new meanings to social phenomena and epistemological constructs. Results: The described dispositifs have a significant impact on the relationship of artistic expression with the foundations of qualitative research. Conclusions: The arts have pushed qualitative research to move beyond logocentrism in representational concerns. As a consequence, the use of art is no longer thought of as a tool, but as an experience of construction of subjectivity that allows an authentic experience of construction of reality with the active and critical involvement of the researcher in their projects.

This editorial presents the dossier "Qualitative Methods for Social Transformation, Interculturality and Resilience", which gathers works produced in the framework of the VI Summer School on Qualitative Methodologies for Social Transformation in the Border Zone, held on January 13 and 14, 2022 and coordinated by the School of Psychology and Philosophy in conjunction with the Department of Social Sciences of the Universidad de Tarapacá, Sede Iquique, Chile.

Los ODS y la Agenda 2030 adoptados por el gobierno de Costa Rica nos exigen considerar tanto barreras arquitectónicas como la posible expulsión educativa que conllevan. Dentro de la poca literatura publicada respecto de barreras arquitectónicas en universidades no se considera su análisis en laboratorios de química. Por esto, decidimos analizar las barreas físicas presentes en los laboratorios 107 y 112 de la Escuela de Química de la Universidad de Costa Rica, donde se imparten múltiples cursos de química general (introductoria) para carreras en el área de salud, ciencias básicas e ingenierías de dicha institución. El análisis enfoca las funcionalidades: didáctica, ergonómica y en emergencias, vinculadas con las barreras arquitectónicas detectadas y su posible expulsión educativa de personas con diversidad funcional, demostrando ser un condicionante de la educación inclusiva desde la institucionalidad. Se recomienda considerarlas al retomar la presencialidad en este año 2022, según lo establecido por la Rectoría de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Se encontró que las mayores limitantes arquitectónicas se dan para personas usuarias de silla de ruedas o baja estatura, debido a la altura de mesas y mecanismos de activación de dispositivos de seguridad. Finalmente, este análisis puede realizarse y aplicarse en otros laboratorios institucionales.

This paper collects the perceptions of first-year and advanced college students at Universidad Nacional (UNA) of Costa Rica. The main objective of the inquiry was to identify the elements and transformations that are involved in the adaptation of college students to demonstrate strategies to promote success in the adaptation process to the college life from the student’s perspective. This study has been done based on Participatory Action Research with 14 students at UNA in synchronous and asynchronous meetings; the collected data were categorized through a writing process of four layers: literal transcription of the meetings and classification of the information, highlighting the data based on purposes, critical and reflective interpretation, as well as the link with the authors. It was found, among the main transformations experience, that supporting networks are key elements that take part in the adaptation to university life as well as knowing the university and its related concepts. Spaces for relief and support for first-year students were highly recommended according the obtained findings.

This paper shares a state of knowledge about the consequences generated by bullying in the formation of school-age students according to studies in Latin America between 2010-2021. The method consisted of a documentary review of 34 files which comprise undergraduate, master's, and doctorate theses, and published scientific articles. The analysis of the information was carried out under a documentary matrix that contrasted the data in relation with two study categories: 1) Bullying as a scientific interest and 2) Consequences generated by bullying in school age. The main result shows that bullying causes low self-esteem, depression, anxiety, poor school performance and somatic symptoms in the victims, which, if not treated in a timely manner at school and with the family, may result in the removal of the student from the institution denying them the right to education, or they could cause a most serious problem, suicide. As a conclusion, it is highlighted that bullying is triggered in a slow and tortuous process, which becomes more acute over time; it is the reason why care routes are necessary to tackle the problem from its first manifestations.

El resguardo de los derechos humanos fundamentales es clave para la vida democrática, la paz y la justicia social de las naciones. Costa Rica se precia en el mundo por la solidez de su estado social de derecho y la protección que les otorga a sus residentes, sean nacionales o personas extranjeras. No obstante, en el caso de la sociedad fronteriza de la zona norte-norte del país, se encuentran grupos poblacionales vulnerados desde diversos flancos (migración, pobreza, barreras simbólicas, baja escolaridad), que ven opacada la vivencia plena de sus derechos. A luz de la legislación nacional e internacional, este texto describe parte del marco jurídico garante de derechos como salud, educación y trabajo para los individuos que residen en la sociedad fronteriza en contraste con los principales desafíos que se tienen para su cumplimiento.