ISSN: 2310-2799
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546,196 artículos
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2253-6655
Ortiz de Zárate Alcarazo, Lucía
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Resumen
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become one of the central axes of digitization strategies in the European Union (EU). Despite its great benefits, this group of emerging technologies also presents significant ethical risks and challenges that must be addressed. For this reason, the EU has proposed four fundamental ethical principles for AI: fairness, respect for human autonomy, prevention of harm, and explicability. The central concept of the paper is the explicability of AI (XAI). Besides contextualizing the relevance of XAI, this work aims to tackle some of the central aspects around it. Therefore, it will address what explicability is, why explanations are important (in the field of AI), when it is necessary to give explanations, and the different forms of explanations available to make citizens understand the decisions made by AI systems.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2253-6655
Clavero, Bartolomé
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Resumen
El artículo realiza un recorrido crítico por los diferentes planes de estudio que ha conocido la universidad española entre la segunda mitad del siglo XX y las primeras décadas del siglo XXI. Se señalan algunas de sus deficiencias y se propone avanzar hacia un modelo donde la constitución sea el centro que articule los estudios de derecho, tanto público como privado. En este modelo, las asignaturas propedéuticas pasarían a ubicarse en los estudios de postgrado y/o especialización.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2253-6655
Salvador Coderch, Pablo
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Resumen
In Spain, legal education is organised as 4 years long undergratuate study which in 62 different law schools (on top of the distance learning schools). Law is still a university education by default of sorts. Access to the most relevant legal professions requires overcoming different competition models, traditionally called «oposiciones», after years of preparation. Access to the bar requires a master course followed by a not extremely difficult exam. In this century, many students combine simultaneous studies of law and economy, but evolving to a postgraduate law schooling system would further improve the legal education.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2253-6655
Mentxaka, Rosa
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Resumen
The present pages aim to expose on the one hand, the role that roman law can have in the formation of the advanced jurist in the twenty-first century, as well as the challenges faced by the training of said jurist; consequently, the relationship between law and history, law and new technologies or global law are exposed. Addressing these challenges requires the interdisciplinary collaboration of all legal disciplines.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2253-6655
Atienza, Manuel
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Resumen
Las cinco ideas giran en torno a si la universidad va a poder seguir siendo el centro de la formación del jurista, a qué cambios deberían introducirse para ello y al papel que debería jugar la filosofía del Derecho y la argumentación jurídica.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2253-6655
Papayannis, Diego M.
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Resumen
In this essay, I analyze the functions most frequently attributed to tort law. I claim that implementing interpersonal justice is its only distinctive function. The rest of the functions can be satisfied by other institutions with equal or greater success than tort law. Finally, I try to show that some functions, without being distinctive, are necessary, in the sense that once a system of tort law is in place, they are unfailingly fulfilled.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2253-6655
Navarro, Pablo E.
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Resumen
This paper analyzes some of the main ideas on logic, rationality, and normativity, defended by José Juan Moreso in the second section of his book Lo normativo: variedades y variaciones. For Moreso, the connection between the existence of norms and acts of promulgation is insufficient to understand the motivational impact of norms, i.e., how they guide human behaviour. For this purpose, it is necessary to take into account the Kantian principle 'ought implies can', but this principle leads to discarding the existence of incoherent norms (ad impossibilia nemo tenetur). Four possible answers to this challenge of Moreso are analyzed in this article: (i) an abstract conception of norms, independent of the notion of prescription, (ii) the introduction of hierarchical order in the applicable systems, (iii) the rejection of the Kantian principle and (iv) the connection between coherence and hierarchical nature of legal systems.
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