Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

There is an undeniable economic link between these cities, thus forming a global landscape (Sassen, 2004). In order to assert their presence at the international level, these cities are particularly keen to hold important events –including mega-events, and most notably, Summer Olympics (Smith, 2012)– through which they can ensure their metropolitan development in multiple directions. The Olympic Games have the capacity to organize, within the host city, a true cycle of life characterized by a pre- event and post-event. The issue then becomes for the metropolis to find ways to instrumentalize this mega-event to give a long-term vision of its cultural, economic, and infrastructural development (Cashman and Hughes, 1999; Ritchie, 2000; Goad, 2001; Searle, 2002; Preuss, 2007; Hiller, 2006; Bondonio and Mela, 2008). More specifically, this propotition is based to leads to a reflection on the urban landscape’s capacity of transformation and its mutation through the choice for the conception of the public and private actors around the same controversy. This research is supported by a qualitative approach based on a flexible research design. A structuralist and interpretative approach was undertaken both for data collection and for the analysis of the selected content. More specifically, this study considers the case studies of Rome (1960), Montreal(1976) and London(2012), both in their pre-event and post-event phases. The objective is to evaluate the organization of the event from its conception to its management, as well as how its heritage and its transformative action were considered. In the end, this research shows that the Olympic Games have an operational value of concertation that interweaves different scales: international, metropolitan, and urban.

The traditional city and its historical center are very sensitive areas of urban context. These places have passed through a lot of transformations and now they are the protagonists of buildings degradation, segregation, excessive overexploitation and the effects caused by the aggression of traffic, leaving aside for what they really were designed. One of the most important attribute of these spaces is the tangible reality of their historical urban landscape, now at days and in the future, it can be considered as a fundamental criterion to structure and order its use and operation. The purpose of this work is to show how the Historical Center of Quito does not attend correctly its landscape values, it continues giving priority to the automotor traffic, the insecurity increases and its dynamics of use continues to be governed by the tertiary economy, informality. Hence, the objective is to demonstrate the importance of preserving the existing values and the unavoidable need to achieve the rescue of their public spaces through the implementation of sensitive actions among which, the creation of an interconnected network stands out due to its connotation, an articulated of places where the interests of the pedestrian predominate in the historical center, their landscape and the patrimonial wealth that characterizes it are today a valuable resource, a citizen right in which we have to support us to reach the goal of the sustainable city.

The present study examines the urban public spaces in Quito, through a reading key that connects the characteristics of the places, with the dynamics of use and the individual and collective perception of the users. Through the systematic mapping of urban space with cards, a taxonomic reference framework was built. You can observe an informal use of the public parks, which are populated by the inhabitants on holiday days, to spend time in the open air. What appears very remarkable is that, in absence of strong formal contents, simple surfaces used on a lawn with few trees, they become living spaces where local community interacts and performs activities. The informal city self-organizes through the spontaneous use of spaces, following instances from the bottom and responding to contingent needs in an adaptive manner. If the creation of consumer-oriented public spaces and specialized and segregated mono-functional structures have created a new geography of social exclusion in the western city, Quito's public spaces (which is a poor metropolis case) characterized by unpredictable and spontaneous uses, are socialization spaces where it is possible to cultivate a true relationships with the community. The study of informal practices can be a useful reference in Western metropolises, for the implementation of urban tactics and bottom-up regeneration practices, taking into account the everyday life of ordinary spaces.

In the past few years in Italy, as in Europe, more and more often we see the emergence of so-called bottom-up urban practices. These differ from what happened in the past in both intensity and sophistication. The experiences that come to life in these regenerative processes tend to be a collaboration between individuals who self-organize themselves into real forms of social enterprise, playing a fundamental role as agents of territorial development. What’s happening in Italy will be taken as a reference, with the belief that the reaction to the general landscape crisis is here producing interesting and applicable results in any urban context. The hypothesis of the article is that in these social innovation experiences we can see the overcoming of the classic dichotomous relationship between bottom-up and top-down practices. Social innovation, in fact, requires a collaborative governance, where through a constructive and moderate comparison a common goal is established, the necessary resources and responsibilities are shared in view of common actions. This is also happening through the creation of new platforms that represent real tools to make this sperimentations become pràxis

The purpose of this article is to propose an alternative view of the contemporary urban landscape, in order to show the limits of the current practice of city design, which only considers the negative acceptance of the sounds and noises perceived in the urban context. The discipline of the soundscape studies was born in the Seventies in Canada, although in the Sixties the MIT researchers had alreadyanticipated some reflections on the importance of auditory perception in the understanding of the city. These researches opened the doors to a new cognitive paradigm for studying the urban landscape, and make us understand how the acoustic stimuli represents a fundamental and independet cultural dimension of the landscape. The introduction of intangible assets in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites is the proof of the fundamental importance of the soundscape as a cultural heritage.

Uno de los desafíos más importantes para la sociedad mexicana actual, radica en construir una agenda cívica que responda a una tendencia que hasta ahora no muestra evidencias de cambiar, al incremento de las conductas antisociales como la violencia, la criminalidad, la impunidad, la corrupción. Este es un estudio parcialmente diagnóstico, pero fundamentalmente hipotético inferencial sobre los factores que componen perfiles de valores para la ciudadanía entre los jóvenes de 12 a 29 años en México. Se asume como hipótesis que no es la educación formal el factor que más influye en el logro de un perfil de valores asociados a la ciudadanía. Se asume que la educación, en especial, la educación para la ciudadanía es una política pública (Hogwood y Gunn, 1984) y por lo tanto una empresa tanto institucional como de desarrollo. Los resultados de la investigación concluyen que existe una relación positiva entre años de escolaridad y el nivel de Índice de Cultura Cívica ICC. Programáticamente, las competencias para la ciudadanía se aprenden ejerciendo roles de ciudadano) este estudio se pone de manifiesto la importancia que tiene el incorporar en los planes de estudio la enseñanza de la ética y el civismo como una forma de in-corporar valores y competencias para la ciudadanía.

El artículo muestra los resultados de una investigación innovadora que incursiona en los planos afectivo y volitivo del estudiante adolescente que relaciona variables de percepción, permanencia y pertenencia; y plantea cómo la familia influye en el proceso motivacional escolar supliendo carencias del sistema escolarizado del nivel básico (secundaria obligatoria) en el municipios de Toluca, en el centro de México. La metodología empleada se basó en un instrumento original que determina el grado de satisfacción de la vida familiar, escolar y personal de los estudiantes del nivel básico (secundaria) que se complementó con tablas de contingencia y análisis de componentes principales, obteniéndose como principal resultado la parametrización y valoración cualitativa del conjunto de relaciones que implican la funcionalidad, la motivación y la estabilidad escolar con la percepción de la comunidad estudiantil y los directores escolares..

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene por objeto dar a conocer el impacto del nivel académico y deserción escolar de los estudiantes universitarios y su correlación paradigmática emocional, dicha investigación consta de una introducción en donde abordaremos los elementos centrales de la familias mexicanas que muestran las deficiencias de su entorno económico, social, cultural y emocional, y el  mal desempeño en  el nivel de conocimientos  de nuestros estudiantes. En el desarrollo,  plasmaremos los efectos emocionales de nuestros estudiantes y su impacto en sus diferentes niveles académicos; en nuestra demostración abarcaremos tanto lo  cuantitativo como lo cualitativo del desempeño académico de los educandos y de  su entorno social así como su capacidad para adaptarse a los nuevos paradigmas emocionales y, finalmente concluiremos con las propuestas y recomendaciones de los resultados que nos arrojen nuestros instrumentos de medición para el mejoramiento de la calidad educativa y emocional de nuestros alumnos.

En los países como México y Colombia, las políticas públicas constituyen un escenario en el que se expresan de manera clara las características del ser dependiente de los Estados latinoamericanos. En tal sentido, es fácil detectar como,  de manera permanente, los gobiernos, con el apoyo de ciertos organismos internacionales, definen y orientan un discurso civilizatorio que sostiene que el desarrollo científico es una de las herramientas institucionales para lograr un cierto ascenso y equilibrio social. Ello se asocia  a discursos que insisten en reformas y desarrollos que, con el correr de los años, no han logrado el objetivo que pregonan.  El propósito central de este artículo es el de realizar un estudio comparativo de las políticas públicas que, en México y Colombia, se han dado en el terreno de la  investigación educativa.