Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

El presente artículo pretende explicar los factores que motivaron la emigración cántabra en el siglo XVIII, e inicios del siguiente, hacia el virreinato del Perú. Igualmente, analiza las modalidades del traslado de la población mencionada y su participación en la llamada “migración en cadena”.

As part of the process of updating the Cuban economic model, our country has decided to articulate a serie of transformations directed, among other issues, to the strengthening of the cooperative sector, therefore forming human capital with knowledge and skills for this achievement is a challenge that has today higher education, therefore contributing to the learning of the contents related to cooperatives and its transformations in Cuba from the Agricultural Economics subject in the Degree in Education. Economy that is developed in the Faculty of Economic and Business Sciences of the University of Pinar del Río is a priority to respond to this challenge. In this sense, the main objective of the research is to develop a support material to contribute to the economic culture from the issues of cooperative education in the third year students of this career. The experience was applied in the educational practice with satisfactory results, in addition it was submitted to the criterion of the specialists and they consider it is viable.

The improvement of the accounting system of the cooperatives should contribute to the consolidation of the cooperative role as a way of economic and social development, in the sphere of agricultural production, and in other sectors of the economy, raising the levels of efficiency and economic efficiency, productive and social. The research is aimed at: Perfecting the accounting system of the non-agricultural cooperative "Café Pinar", based on a set of tools for each of the subsystems that comprise it, which contributes to the improvement of the accounting information generated as part of its management process. The results of the research focus on: the theoretical and methodological foundations of Accounting and Accounting Systems, the results of the diagnosis of the Accounting System of the non-agricultural Cooperative "Café Pinar" and the tools for each of the subsystems that make up the Accounting system of the cooperative. In the development of the research, theoretical methods such as the historical and the logical ones were applied, among these the systemic, the modeling and the axiomatic-deductive. In addition to empirical methods such as scientific observation and measurement. Based on the diagnosis made, the existing deficiencies in the Accounting System of the cooperative object of study were determined. On this basis, the proposal was made to improve its Accounting System that will contribute to the improvement of the accounting information that the cooperative generates as part of its management.

There are many factors that influence the strategic process of the companies, however, the social factor as sustenance of the good life plays a significant role, which is translated by the direct participation of the man in all the activities of the company and as a member of A family and community that it has to maintain and develop. One of the great challenges of the business system is to face the problems that are present today, such as poverty, inequity and damage to the environment, which contributes to equating social development with technological and productive development. This leads to the need to combine social philosophy with competitiveness, management excellence and business success in its management. Establishing the general elements that should support the strategic management of companies, including within their fields of action productive economic management and social responsibility, was the objective of the work. Consequently, the paper addressed the theoretical and methodological foundations underlying strategic management under a social responsibility perspective.

This article aims to present a reference guide for those professionals, especially social workers, who develop planning processes, organizational strategies and management of social services. This, as we will see later, is driven by strategic planning. In other words, faced with a context of economic, social and institutional crisis, strategic planning translates into an ideal alternative to rethink and expand management capacity, organizational action and administration of social services. We consider that, thinking of strategic planning as a social process and oriented towards the transformation for the configuration of strategies and a shared future, it is possible to formulate the theory and practice of organizational strategy, and management of social services. In this sense, the strategic planning approach presented is characterized by the inherent interrelationship of communicative, learning-renewal, contingency and complexity practices intertwined in three dimensions. That is, dimension of content, institutional and participation and communication. In this way, we provide some guidelines and recommendations that we hope will guide the practice of strategic planning in the organizational context and management of social services.

During my work in a Middle School in Santurce between 1994 – 2008, I realized that social work initiatives are key in educational transformation. Together with other sectors of the academic community, I focused my professional initiatives on communitarian methodologies and liberation perspectives, while attempting to overcome the fragmentation and isolation that prevail in the schools. Bearing in mind the opportunities offered in the schools as a communitarian scenario, our efforts were directed to constructing citizenship from a human rights perspective. Important components of citizenship include analysis of the socioeconomic and cultural context and educational policies, equality, educational autonomy, participation, evaluation processes and accountability, which we concretized in the development of our work. We approached education from an integral perspective while validating the contributions of all sectors in the construction of an educational project. In the present article, I put forth reflections on my shared experiences and their relevance for the present moment of broad changes in public education based on functionality and cost-effectiveness criteria imposed by proposals of the Fiscal Control Board. Although I have presented on this effort in diverse educational and community forums throughout the years, it is important to put it forth in writing for the sake of history and for the benefit of future generations.

Evidence-based practices (EBP) are an international scientific movement. At present, it is recognized that they integrate the best evidence of available research, professional expertise as competence obtained through education, training and experience and, finally, consideration of preferences, culture and context of people receiving services. The integration of EBP into social work is important as it is an effort to improve professional practice, an opportunity to expand theoretical and practical models, offer credibility and support to the profession; recognize the importance of continuous learning, increase efficacy and the effectiveness of services and increase the knowledge to make decisions for the benefit of the people with whom you work. This article offers an introduction to the subject of the EBP, discusses some criticisms, challenges and opportunities, and presents proposals to the profession, looking forward to considering EBP as a tool for the defense of human rights. We propose the inclusion of EBP as an imperative element in the exercise of social work; in recognition and defense of ethics and human rights, and in opposing de-professionalization. We link the EBP with the Professional Project in social work and the working conditions. This article calls for a rethinking of EBP as a critical-reflexive, participatory, democratic process that has the potential to recognize the defense of human rights and dignity. We aim to promote dialogue by considering the importance of the topic in the current social situation.

The current public policy in Puerto Rico validates the provision of adoption services as a right to same-sex couples that are married. Social workers must have the cultural competence, meaning, knowledge, values and skills, to perform assessments on same-sex couples who are interested in adoption. To examine and describe such competence, a quantitative study was carried out in which members of CPTSPR participated. It was noted that the participants perceived themselves with knowledge, values and skills consistent with carrying out anti-discrimination evaluations to same-sex couples interested in adoption.

The hurdles faced by children with chronic illness in Puerto Rico have not been studied extensively. Specialized medical services are concentrated in the metropolitan area. This represents a challenge to health care access within the context of a transportation system which fails to address the needs of the population. The article examines the significance of these obstacles with regards to medical care continuity and the quality of life of children diagnosed with chronic illness. The attributes of the current transportation system, as well as the responses to its systemic mobility and access problems, are described. The work encourages the use of social determinants of health as a framework to broaden the discussion on transportation barriers and their links to social exclusion. It also proposes a reassessment of transportation as a civil right.