Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The purpose of this study is to analyze social representations of members of the legal system about human rights of international immigrants arrived to Argentina in the second half of 20th century. A qualitative methodological strategy was implemented; semistructured interviews to members of the legal institution of Buenos Aires metropolitan area were used. The interviews were transcribed and processed with qualitative criteria by implementing the Strauss and Corbin's (2002) methodology. This article analyses two relevant dimensions: citizens’ rights and migration policies. Among the main findings in the discourse of the subjects interviewed, it can be said that negative social representations about foreign people and their arrival to the country prevail. Even though there is a gradient of opinions whose extremes meet. On the one hand, there are those affirming equality (formal) in the access to all rights for native and migrant population. On the other hand, there are those who propose the priority of access to these rights for native subjects. The principle of universality from a human rights perspective is dwarfed when compared to the position of those who consider the migration control, the restriction of the arrival of migrants, and the closure of national borders as essential

This article discusses some of the challenges implied in the task of implementing and evaluating actions to prevent and eradicate discrimination in the government sector. It is to recognize that in Mexico the task is in the making and follows patterns of unequal development, although it is widely legislated. For this discussion, we introduce contextual references about the implementation of reforms in favor of human rights in Mexico, and we articulate them with the notion of public policies. Then, we take as reference the case of the “Program to Prevent and Eliminate Discrimination” in the Mexico City (PAPED). We argue that, in contexts such as the Mexican, marked by multidimensional violence, corruption, and a poor performance of public institutions, it is necessary to increase the reflexivity of the instances that must implement actions of non-discrimination, as well as to increase this reflexivity in the transparency and visibility of evaluation exercises of their anti-discrimination actions, so as to reach more people and produce progressive movements of appropriation.

This article gives an account of the experiment carried out on the basis of the photographic exhibition “The violence in focus. Three paradigmatic femicides in La Pampa" that was carried out in the interior of the educational community of the Faculty of Sciences at the National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), together with the feminist organization "Women for Solidarity" in the framework of a cultural program of the Ministry of Culture and Extension of the UNLPam. The people who took part in this activity were teachers of the Faculty of Sciences and students from various undergraduate courses. The objectives of the sample were to build an educational space in relation with human rights, to make visible the three femicides of Pampa society, to work in a collaborative manner by bringing together social actors of the university and the community, and to make this experience an instance for pedagogical training. A qualitative-designed methodology was implemented, and by means of pictures, university students from undergraduate courses worked with the theoretical categories of gender violence and different types of gender violence, compromise, and femicide; they worked in conjunction with high school students. The objective of this work was to carry out an experience that would integrate the university functions of teaching, research and extension on the basis of a so sensitive social issue such as the femicides in Argentina.

The rights of political participation in Bolivia have been always subordinate to the possession of the land; this has provoked that, to our days, the realization of human rights is determined by the property. The dynamics of participation has been understood as a struggle for the inclusion of vulnerable groups in the State, whose manifestations are linked strongly to the access to the property and housing.  Social movements have emerged with the conviction that, based on participation, they have a historic window of opportunity to change the discriminatory and exclusionary rules. In this context, the irregular settlements constitute one of the best testimonies of the struggle for participation based on the property.  The present study aims to describe the exclusionary practices arising from access to land since the formation of the State, and to demonstrate that, on the basis of the experience of the August 26 town, in Tarija, Bolivia, human rights are still subject to property titles.

The present paper analyzes the definition of the concept of universal accessibility, considering the current state of accessibility in Costa Rica, especially in the field of technology. It aims to raise awareness and provide guidance to the public reader, pointing out some of the myths present within the definition of accessibility, taking into account different perspectives from other studies, and exemplifying situations related to web accessibility, mainly. We analyze the data generated by the National Statistics and Census Institute (INEC) on the population with disabilities in Costa Rica. This analysis is done through statistical information provided by the past censuses carried out during the decades of the present century, considering the importance of improving ICTs for people who have some type of disability, caused by nature or by time. The paper reviews different projects that, at present, are being promoted in ICTs and are considered important advances to improve the conditions of people with disabilities.  It promotes the inherent need to work on the development of ICTs in Costa Rica from different frameworks. In the political and legal frameworks, it identifies the need to extend the rules promoting the laws in favor of disability in the country. In conclusion, the article analyzes that Costa Rica could become one of the first countries in Central America and the Caribbean covering the needs of people with disabilities, through the strengthening and recognition of ICTs that give added value to build a universal accessibility.

El final del siglo XX registró en el escenario internacional la emergencia de los discursos fronterizos del espacio. Por un lado, apologistas de la globalización proclamaron una nueva era caracterizada por el fin de los Estados nacionales y la porosidad de las fronteras internacionales; por otro, en la década de 1980, asistimos al surgimiento de las técnicas de vigilancia dispuestas a lo largo de los límites fronterizos. En Brasil la frontera geopolítica también se hace presente. En efecto, la franja de frontera, que en el territorio nacional es colindante con diez países de América del Sur, será reconsiderada en la década de 1990 como área de estrategia nacional, interés económico y seguridad pública. En este artículo nos detendremos en analizar el “Plano Nacional de Fronteira” (PNF), implementado por el gobierno brasileño en 2011, con la descripción de un conjunto de sistemas técnicos y de vigilancia instalados a lo largo de la frontera entre Brasil y Paraguay. Para abordar el PNF examinaremos el conjunto de dispositivos (normas, discursos, procedimientos, leyes, recursos, sistemas de información y objetos técnicos) instalados en este segmento fronterizo. 

Migration has reshaped social practices, the sense of belonging has been rethought, and the membership is renegotiated and contended; this is why strategies for their sustainability have been generated. The translocal community operates through multilocated relationships that reveal the ways in which migrants are adapting to the new demands of the community. We emphasize the emotional impulse of nostalgia as one of the vehicles of sustainability for the community. The community is redefined and understood in a set of socio-cultural relationships its members generate, and where the locality is not central, but the connection. A new dimension of the social community space is not just the community gathered in a specific place, but also that agreements, commitments, and acknowledgments are exhibited and settled in the cyberspace; this cyberspace gives cohesion and brings a dynamic element to preserve the community, despite the fact that it is even less concrete than the spatial notion of territory. Facebook, YouTube and a blog are the web platforms of the virtual space where "neighbors, compatriots and citizens" (categories of ascription from the migration) get together, where there is a reproduction of social practices (even the most ancient and fundamental ones), to give a new dimension to a translocal, multilocated and ciberlocated community.

In recent years, the migration of Cuban population has taken new directions; this is mainly due to the migration policy flexibility adopted by the Cuban government and other Latin America governments, such as Ecuador, Grenada, Trinidad and Tobago, Dominican Republic, and Haiti, among others, by issuing visas in favorable conditions for the population. Although there are varied reasons to migrate, this population has traditionally migrated motivated by the United States Cuban Adjustment Act which grants administrative advantages for regularization; no other country of the continent offers this privilege. Due to their political exile condition, whoever arrives to the United States will easily have access to legal mechanisms for migrant regularization. Although there has been great work on migration in general terms, little has been addressed on the Cuban migration in the Central American region; possibly this is due to the difficulty to find quantitative information in this regard. The article aims to facilitate the understanding of migration in a context of flexibility and establishment of new relations between the Caribbean and Central America.

The article proposes an analysis of migration from the perspective of security (as it has been addressed by countries such as the United States mainly receiving international immigrants), and within the terrorism and the prevention context in which the international community is. The complexity of the migration issue has an impact on changes in the United States internal policy and generates transformations in the immigration system. These transformations appear in certain aspects like those contemplated in the Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Bill (S.744) which was promoted by the President Obama. This section explains the process of change in the American political and electoral panorama since 2008 elections, the Latin America role in the foreign policy of Obama’s administration, the growing electoral power of Hispanic descendant population in the United States, the current situation of the immigrant population in an irregular administrative situation, and the current context of the bill within the American political system.