Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

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RDL 32/2021, of December 28, once again modifies the existing regulatory framework in relation to training contracts regulated in art. 11 of the Workers' Statute. The objective of the legislator remains the same as in other past regulatory changes in this area, namely: to facilitate the access of young people to the labor market on the basis of improving their training and, therefore, their employability. The purpose of this article is to analyze what the main novelties are, their scope and assess to what extent they can contribute to achieving the aforementioned objective.

The essay addresses the question of the effectiveness of international labour sources in the Italian legal system, through the analysis of the case law of the Constitutional Court on the matter before and after the 2001 constitutional reform. In particular, attention is paid to the ILO Conventions, with respect to which a clear orientation by the Court has not yet taken shape.

Reseña crítica del libro de María José Lacalzada Resonando la voz de Concepción Arenal: Derechos Humanos y Justicia Social. Claves y Apuntes para el siglo XXI. Madrid: Paraninfo - Consejo General del Trabajo Social. 197 pp. ISBN: 978-84-1366-107-0

The 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) establish as a principle the need to "leave no one behind". Achieving these SDGs currently poses a challenge for care in the context of the pandemic, due to the social vulnerability that is signposted when caring for these groups, such as gender inequalities, aging and access to food. Access to food is made harder during lockdowns due to the marked vulnerabilities among many Latin American families. Cuba does not escape this reality; the active involvement of social work remains insufficient in the relationship between care, family food security and vulnerable groups. This article is intended to assess the integration of food security, care and attention to vulnerable groups based on family-level social work actions during Covid-19 in the Santiago de Cuba municipal area. Scientific observation and surveys were used for the study, representing qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The study findings generally show that social work with families must both foster cultural capital that makes it possible to redirect dietary practices in terms of caring for vulnerable groups, and reinforce family/social capital by facilitating greater links with institutions and organizations.

Are women discriminated when seeking social services? Using a focused ethnography, this paper addresses this question by analysing how users of social services face gender biases, and describing how social workers assimilate and reproduce these constructs. As familiarism is a defining feature of the Mediterranean welfare states, gender biases are likely to appear, evidenced in the direct interventions with social workers. We focus on the case of a centre of general social services located in Basque Country, analyzing 57 cases of vulnerable men and women, paying attention to the social interventions they receive. The study period coincides with a scenario of economic downturn in which austerity-based policies have played a leading role. The results evidence an absence of a gender perspective in a system that has not been sufficiently transformed to achieve gender equity. Gender bias is evidenced in social intervention in a significant number of the cases, as social worker actions reproduce the perpetuation of a sexual division of labour and do not promote mechanisms of co-responsibility.

Retinal dystrophies cause progressive degeneration of the retina in people who suffer from them, leading to loss of vision over the years, negatively affecting their functional capacity and social participation. The research used a mixed methodology with a CUAN+CUAL design. The quantitative part was a case-control study with a non-probabilistic, purposive sample of 30 people with and without retinitis pigmentosa matched by age and sex. All of them were administered the World Health Organization Model Disability Survey, Short Version (MDSc). External factors, which may influence everyday health-related problems, family and social support and attitudes of others, were compared. The qualitative part consisted of the analysis of data obtained through in-depth interviews with the 15 people with retinitis pigmentosa in the case group. Significant differences were obtained between the groups, showing greater difficulties of people with dystrophies in their daily life than those without, such as mobility, carrying out household tasks or social participation. Noise, brightness, lack of technological means to facilitate accessibility and the existing ocularcentrism in society, in addition to causing discomfort and nervousness, are a source of social exclusion. The results provide evidence that will enable social workers to intervene to promote the social participation of a group affected by a rare eye disease, avoiding inequalities and advancing their rights.

The aim of this article is to outline the paradigm of collective mental health, which has a long history in Latin America but is merely incipient in Spain, and to show how it can be applied to contemporary social work practice concerning mental health. The article offers a historical and conceptual review of the model and explores its connection with mental health care in Spain by reflecting on three discursive axes: social work in mental health as an emancipatory profession; interdisciplinarity as a practice combining both technical and non-technical knowledge; and understanding and approaching collective mental health from a feminist and intersectional perspective. The overall aim is to provide a potential conceptual framework for new, care-based forms of mental health-related social intervention that contribute to the development of the social work profession in this area.

This study analysed prosocial behaviour and academic goals in a group of Social Work university students. It also identified whether certain combinations of different factors of prosocial behaviour generated different profiles of prosociality. Finally, a verification was performed as to whether any statistically significant differences existed between the groups differentiated according to their academic goals (learning, achievement and social reinforcement). The Prosocial Behaviour Scale (1993), and the Academic Goal Trends Questionnaire (AGTQ, 1991), were administered to a sample of 328 Social Work university students. Their ages ranged from 18 to 30 years (M = 22.56; DT = 4.89). The cluster analysis identified three profiles of prosocial behaviour: a high prosociality profile, a profile of low prosocial behaviour, and a group with a predominance of empathy and trust. The results revealed statistically significant differences between the profiles obtained based on the academic goals they pursued. This finding suggests the need to study prosocial behaviour more in-depth and to design programmes that further strengthen Social Work students’ learning goals.

The aim of this essentially theoretical paper is to analyze the degree to which Spanish social services have adapted to digital technologies, focusing specifically on the presence of artificial intelligence (AI). The fundamental contribution of the paper is the proposal of a model to test the presence of AI in social services, at the same time as designing a strategy for its integration into the different social services systems. This proposal is built through two vectors: identifying the fundamental activities or stages of social intervention in addition to access, planning and evaluation of the system; and proposing three phases or levels of AI integration according to the extent of the role played by professionals. A review of the scientific literature together with a search for AI implementation initiatives in social services identified successful experiences in Spain that can be included in some areas of the model. The notable current advances in this field are often unknown beyond their specific contexts or field of expertise. But there is a long way to go, and the remaining steps can only be taken with decisive public support.