Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The Scale of Assessment of Methodologically Heterogeneous Articles for Integrative Reviews (EAMH, for its acronym in Spanish)1 was recently published. This scale was developed in response to the growing need to ensure the quality of results in integrative reviews. The proposal provides guidelines on basic criteria that any article must meet to be included in the analysis of the results. The scale has six yes/no evaluation questions. Each “YES” answer scores one point; therefore, the scale score ranges from zero to six points and is interpreted as follows: From 0 to 3 points “article not recommended for analysis”; from 4 to 5 points “article suitable for analysis,” and, finally, 6 points “article ideal for analysis.” The results of applying this scale to analyze articles published in Cuidarte journal between 2021 and April 2022 will be presented below (see Table 1). The database was stored in Mendeley Data2. After analysis, 13.4% (n=30) of the articles used as a sample in the reviews analyzed3-11 scored from 0 to 3 points; this classification corresponds to “articles not recommended for analysis” since they failed to meet most of the elements evaluated by the questions contained in the scale. It should be noted that none of the articles used as a sample applied quality criteria in their respective samples; rather, level-of-evidence classifications, clinical questions, or Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASPe) checklists were used. The results indicate that applying the scale for assessing articles could improve the quality of the sample in integrative reviews. This scale is considered by its author as a proposal that contributes to achieving the full rigor that researchers should apply when scrutinizing articles. This document does not intend to criticize or question other colleagues’ works, especially when they have passed a review stage, but rather to contribute to the thoroughness that the process deserves, highlighting the importance of analyzing the quality of the articles selected in a review. How to cite this article: Valencia-Contrera Miguel Andrez. Escala de evaluación de artículos con metodologías heterogéneas para revisiones integrativas. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(2): e2744. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2744    

Introduction:In the mid-twentieth century, the city of Arica experienced socio-political changes that led to a precarious social and health situation. During this time, Iris Veliz was the first professional nurse in the city, and her arrival was the starting point for the professionalization of nursing in the extreme north of Chile. Objetive: To highlight through the person of Iris Veliz the trajectory of an anonymous Chilean nurse who has been written about incipiently. Materials and Methods: Qualitative and socio-historical study, its findings emerged from secondary documentary sources and from the accounts of those who were part of Iris Veliz’s work team at the Juan Noé Hospital in Arica. Results: The findings were subjected to Flick’s thematic analysis and interpreted in light of Nancy Fraser’s epistemological premises regarding women’s recognition. Discussion: She is remembered in a positive way; however, her professional performance is made invisible because her field of action was a space of daily practices traditionally associated with women, which perpetuated her into a state of subjugation as a result of the regional exaltation of a dominant medical figure. Conclusions: Iris Veliz is an exponent of those nursing professionals who remain hidden in the restricted space of their actions and urges us to reflect on the anonymity of history as a disruptor of the culture of care. How to cite this article: Castillo Lobos Lucia, Nuñez Carrasco Elizabeth, Parrao Cartagena Paulina. Retratando la Enfermería ariqueña de mediados del siglo XX. Chile, 1950. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(3):e2709. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2709   

Highlights: Controlling of antimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest problems modern hospitals face. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 700,000 deaths/year were attributed to drug-resistant germ infections in 2020, and they could reach 10 million deaths/year by 2050. Developing new antimicrobials is complex, and a multidisciplinary approach is essential for infection control at hospitals, in which nursing is key. Nosocomial infections originated when hospitals were born. However, before the development of antibiotics, hospitals were institutions for the poor in need of care. They had a high mortality rate not only because of the underlying diseases, for which there was no treatment, but even because of circumstances conducive to nosocomial infections. The Crimean War in 1854 was the first to be covered by the press, and it highlighted the poor care conditions of soldiers wounded in combat, with mortality rates around 42%. English popular pressure encouraged Florence Nightingale (1820-1910) to travel to Crimea, and her sanitary measures quickly reduced the mortality rate to 2%. Although the Germ Theory was not yet known by then, it is possible to state that success depended on wound infection control. Florence Nightingale’s efforts ensured her the notoriety to be entrusted with improving hospital sanitary conditions when she returned to England, strengthening asepsis (cleaning followed by sterilization of equipment for procedures) and antisepsis (the use of sterilizing substances). One of the changes was the development of nursing as a profession, which was already associated with infection control. Hospitals’ transformation was completed with the discovery of antibiotics in the 1940s, the birth of anesthesia, and the cities’ social changes. Modern hospitals had been born, equipped to perform surgeries and administer treatments, becoming the centers of health care that they are today. Hospitals significance increased after Flexner’s reports about teaching conditions in medical schools in the USA were made. As antibiotics so successfully impacted infection rates when they first came into use, emphasis on other preventive measures diminished. In addition, the incidence of antibiotic resistance was detected early, almost simultaneously when antibiotics were introduced. Together, these two points added to the increase in invasive procedures, and the indiscriminate use in other fields different from healthcare, such as livestock, contributed to antibiotic resistance becoming the calamity we face today. While the search for new antibiotics continues, much research is devoted to finding other solutions such as vaccines, immunotherapy, nanobes, phage therapy, stem cells, and adhesion molecules. However, although much has been discovered, we have yet to be ready to use them in daily clinical practice.

Introduction: Premature newborns have an immature cardiorespiratory system that hinders adaptation to the extrauterine environment. This leads to multiple complications which require interventions to improve ventilation and gas exchange, like oxygenating using therapeutic support devices such as continuous positive airway pressure or CPAP. Objective: To determine the effect of therapeutic touch on preterm newborns’ adaptation to CPAP. Materials and methods: This is a quasi-experimental study, with a sample of 13 PTNB who underwent therapeutic touch for 15 minutes in 2 daily sessions (6 am and 8 pm), with pre- and post-assessment of NOC “Preterm Infant Organization.” Descriptive analysis was performed. Results: The participants were allocated to the control group and the intervention group in a similar way. Pre- and post-intervention changes were observed, but especially in the hand posture indicator, with a difference between both groups of 0.74 with a p-value of 0.006. Conclusions: The practice of therapeutic touch with RNPT receiving nasal CPAP allows for improving the comfort of the RNPT through physiological and neurobehavioral indicators.  How to cite this article: Valero Cárdenas Zayda Katherine, Santisteban Pérez Diego Fernando, Fernández Solano Dayana Katherine, Ojeda Olarte Anny Natalia, Carreño Porras Silvia Juliana, Villamizar Carvajal Beatriz, Sánchez Rodríguez Javier Mauricio. Efectos del tacto terapéutico en el recién nacido prematuro con CPAP nasal: una prueba piloto. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(3):e2356. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2356  

Introduction: Comprehensive management of delirium has components of different kinds, and the role of nursing in it may be unclear. Objective: To identify in the literature available non-pharmacological nursing care for children with delirium hospitalized in Pediatric Intensive Care Units. Materials and Methods: A strategic search was performed in Web of Science, MEDLINE, Science Direct, Scielo, Virtual Health Library, LILACS, and Open Grey using the terms “nursing care,” “child OR children,” “delirium,” and “Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.” Data extraction and analysis were performed using a matrix. Results: Twelve articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria and were classified into four categories according to the main intervention developed in the study: Research approach, comfort interventions, comprehensive interventions, and educational interventions. Discussion: Nursing care for delirium includes preventive or curative measures starting from the patient as the center and extending to the patient’s environment and family. Nursing interventions may be interrelated in a way that supports and complements each other. Some care activities may be considered an indicator of the quality of care. Conclusions: A comprehensive approach to pediatric delirium requires addressing individual, environmental, and structural factors that contribute to its onset. Delirium nursing care is a way to protect and promote children’s immediate and future well-being and development. How to cite this article: Oostra Cortés Lidia Esther, Henao Castaño Ángela Maria, Motta Robayo Claudia Lorena. Rol de enfermería frente al delirium en unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico: Scoping Review. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(2): e2381. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2381    

Introduction: Obstetric violence can involve physical, verbal, psychological and sexual abuse, and neglect of care. Refusal to administer pain relief, disrespectful treatment, deprivation of women’s right to be accompanied during childbirth, medical interventions without their prior consent are some examples of this violence, which is an increasingly present but hidden practice in healthcare services in Brazil. This study aims to analyze the narratives of labouring women on obstetric violence in the light of the theory of culture care diversity and universality. Materials and Methods: A qualitative cross-sectional study developed in the light of the Family Health Strategy was conducted with ten labouring women. Data was collected through a semi-structured interview with results organized and adapted to the Sunrise Model. Results: Most participants were young, married/in a stable relationship, primiparous with vaginal delivery. Based on the model principles, the lack of knowledge about childbirth/labor, medication, violence against women resulting from miscommunication, body exposure and discomfort leads to weakened care provision and dissatisfaction with health services. Discussion: Obstetric violence is a common practice in the Brazilian scenario that often occurs covertly due to the lack of knowledge about its existence and childbirth rights as labouring women. Conclusions: Obstetric violence involves sexual, physical, psychological and institutional abuse, making the act of giving birth seem frightening due to fear, lack of communication and weakened care provision. How to cite this article: Melo, Bruna Larisse Pereira Lima; Moreira, Felice Teles Lira dos Santos; Alencar, Rayane Moreira de; Cavalcante, Edilma Gomes Rocha; Maia, Evanira Rodrigues; Albuquerque, Grayce Alencar.  Violência obstétrica à luz da Teoria da Diversidade e Universalidade do Cuidado Cultural. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(1):e1536. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1536     

Introduction: Delirium is an acute brain dysfunction, associated with increased mortality and morbidity, which often affects critically ill adult/elderly patients. Nurses have a crucial role in the prevention/control of delirium, through the implementation of non-pharmacological interventions. Objective: To know the nursing interventions in the identification, prevention and control of delirium in adult/critical elderly patients. Materials and Methods: An Integrative Literature Review of articles published between 2014 and 2018 was carried out, which identified nursing interventions aimed at the prevention and control of delirium in adult/critical elderly patients. Four searches were carried out, in the electronic databases of EBSCOhost and B-on. Results: 13 studies were identified, which present nursing interventions, mostly non-pharmacological, for the prevention and control of delirium in adult/critical elderly patients. Of these, interventions related to the environment, sleep promotion, early therapeutic intervention, cognitive assessment and patient orientation, interventions systematized in protocols, as well as interventions aimed at the participation of family members, the training of nurses and the teaching of patients are evident. Risk factors for the development of delirium and assessment tools were also identified. Discussion: The prevention of delirium is important and imperative, since its occurrence in critically ill patients is associated with increased mortality, morbidity, length of stay and a high hospital cost. The identification of risk factors for the occurrence of delirium should be included in delirium management protocols. Conclusions: Evidence has shown that nurses are essential in the early identification, prevention and control of delirium, preventing the progression of the disease, contributing to the reduction of morbidity and mortality. The nursing intervention must include the identification of predisposing and/or precipitating factors to contribute to the reduction of the occurrence and/or resolution of delirium. How to cite this article: Oliveira Cláudia; Garnacho Martins Nobre Cátia Filipa; Dourado Marques Rita Margarida; Madureira Lebre Mendes Maria Manuela; Cruz Pontífice Sousa Patrícia. O papel do enfermeiro na prevenção do delirium no paciente adulto/idoso crítico. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(1):e1983. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/ cuidarte.1983       

Introduction: Empathy, whether considered dimension or competence, is crucial for the development of our social species, especially in a situation as particular as caring for others. Objective: To determine the empathy quotient of first-semester nursing students of the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Bucaramanga. Materials and Methods: The empathy quotient was analyzed using the Baron-Cohen and Wheelwright’s EQ test in all first-semester students (N: 100). Relationships among sex, age, social stratum, and origin were determined using t and F tests and ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Canonical Analysis (CA). Results: No statistical differences were found between empathy quotients and sex, age, social stratum, or origin, but there were variations in data distribution. An inverse correlation was found between empathy quotients and age and social stratum. Conclusions: The mean empathy quotient of the first-semester nursing student population was 40.3, placing it at a medium level; the study group was quite heterogeneous, with low to medium empathy development. It becomes necessary to design strategies during their undergraduate studies for developing empathy in this population of students since the vast majority will obtain their professional degrees before reaching brain maturity. How to cite this article: Jerez-Jaimes Javier Hernando, Rodríguez- Corredor Zuly Andrea, Narváez-Parra Eliana Ximena. Explorando la Empatía de Estudiantes de primer semestre de Enfermería mediante el Empathy Quotient (EQ). Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(2):e1954. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1954

Introduction: Zika virus is transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes, but it can also occur through an intrauterine infection before delivery, and the virus passes to the fetus. Objective: describe the level of impairment in performance skills and maturation age of brave boys and girls of the future program with neonatal Zika virus infection. Materials and Methods: Research is framed with a quantitative correlational approach supported by field research and non-experimental design, with a sample of 15 infants aged 3, 4 and 5 years. The data collection technique used was the Abbreviated Scale. Results: Regarding the areas evaluated with respect to maturational age, it was found that the weighting of motor skills and praxis found a correlation coefficient of 0.601 (moderate) and in the sample of performance skills of 3-year-old children. With gestational zika, a correlation of 0.853 (strong) was obtained. Discussion: Zika virus infection in boys and girls, acquired during pregnancy, strongly limits the execution skills typical of maturational age in this population. Conclusions: there is a correlation between infants with gestational zika and strong involvement in the actions or behaviors that a patient has in moving and physically interacting with activities, objects and thus performing a learned motor activity. How to cite this article: Hernández Vergel Viviana Karina, Prada Núñez Raúl, Hernández Suárez César Augusto. Zika en la gestación. Afectación de las destrezas de ejecución y edad madurativa en infantes. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(2):e1928. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1928     

Introduction: Low vision and blindness have high global prevalence, with categories of disability common in Colombia. Studies that characterize the etiology of permanent visual impairments are required. Objective: To identify and characterize the different causes of low vision and blindness in seven reference centers for the visually impaired population in Colombia, attended between 2012 and 2017 in six capital cities. Materials and methods: retrospective, case series, descriptive and multicenter study. Results: A sample of 879 records of visually impaired patients was available. Low vision is more prevalent for all age groups. 70% (612/879) low vision and 30% (267/879) blindness. The most common etiology in patients with low vision was age-related macular degeneration (DMAE) (24%, 144/612); in patients with blindness it was glaucoma (17%, 45/267). Discussion: Possibly in Colombia the causes of low vision and blindness go beyond cataracts, un corrected refractive errors and infectious blindness. Conclusions: The most common etiologies found are chronic and diverse eye conditions, which require specific interventions to decrease their prevalence and prevent cases of low vision and blindness. How to cite this article: Suárez Escudero Juan Camilo, Oviedo Cáceres María del Pilar, Llano Naranjo Yuliana, Arias Uribe Johana, Villegas Mesa José Daniel, Zapata Vásquez María Camila, Ferreira Morales Jorge Luis, Reyes Cisneros Jessica Tatiana, Cano Calle Karen, Goldfeder de Gracia Sydney, González Franco Juan Felipe, Astudillo Valverde Esau. Etiología de baja visión y ceguera en siete centros de referencia en Colombia entre los años 2012 a 2017. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(2):e2036. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2036