Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

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Introduction: the species Spondias mombin L. is a plant that grows in Cuba, and to which a considerable number of ethnopharmacological applications and high antioxidant power are reported. However, most of these reports are oriented to the fruit, which stands out for its nutritional value. Objective: to evaluate the antioxidant activity of an extract of Spondias mombin L. leaves in 70% ethanol. Method: the antioxidant activity was evaluated by six different methods: determination of the oxidation index, reducing power, inhibition of DPPH and ABTS radicals, hydrogen peroxide reducing capacity and oxygen radical neutralization capacity. Concentrations from 1000 to 62.5 µg/mL were evaluated, prepared from the value of total solids determined. Results: for the oxidation index, concentrations of 250 µg/mL were sufficient to decolorize the permanganate solution in the same period of time as the quercetin standard. However, the IC50 calculated for the reducing power, the inhibition of the DPPH radical and ABTS were higher than the ascorbic acid standard with values of 362.33; 190.34 and 241.88 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusions: the extract of leaves of Spondias mombin L. in 70% ethanol presents a high antioxidant action in the six experimental models tested, even though in most cases, with lower values than the reference substance used. These results, together with the structural diversity of metabolites present in it, highlight its value as a potential natural antioxidant.

Introduction: surgery in morbidly obese patients as a treatment for gynecologic cancer is a challenge for surgeons and anesthesiologists, since it is associated with the processes of increasing intraoperative and postoperative complications. Objective: to describe the main results gained with the use of laparoscopic surgery in patients with morbid obesity and endometrial adenocarcinoma treated at the Instituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología (INOR) of Havana, Cuba, from January 2019 to March 2020. Method: a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out in 22 patients, with body mass index more than 40 kg/m2 and diagnosis of endometrial adenocarcinoma, who underwent laparoscopic surgery. The primary data was obtained from the medical records, which were used to create a database in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet to synthesize all the information. Results: the predominant age group was between 61 and 70 years old. Endometrial adenocarcinoma was the most frequent cancer (77.27%). The degree of differentiation was well differentiated, infiltrating less than 50 % of the myometrium. The predominant surgical staging was IA (72.72%). Transoperative bleeding was 78.9 ± 5.7 ml (range between 10 and 200 ml), mean operative time was 82 min (range 75-132 min), and hospital stay was less than 24 hours (90.90%). Surgical conversion was performed in 4.54% of cases. Conclusions: morbidly obese patients may benefit from the laparoscopic approach for the treatment and laparoscopic surgical staging of endometrial carcinoma, which decreases morbidity and hospital stay.

Introduction: universal neonatal hearing screening is a test that enables to identify or suspect hearing loss, performed via habilitation or rehabilitation plan. Objective: determine the coverage of universal hearing screening in the epidemiological context of COVID-19 in Guantánamo province, during the period of march 2020 to march 2021. Method: a descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out. A total of 5 999 newborns (as Universe) were involved in the study. Variables used were as follow: sex, newborns with or without risk factors, and otoacoustic emissions, which outcomes allowed for the evaluation of universal hearing screening coverage. The standard indicator (95%) and the time at which the first otoacoustic emissions were made were defined. The percentage of newborns detected before one month of life was established as indicator.Results: the 51.1% of the 5 999 newborns were male and 48.3% were female. The 100% of newborns (5 838) without risk factors underwent to the first examination, meanwhile, among those with risk factors (151 newborns) 0.2% (10) could not be tested. Screening of newborns without factors occurred between 1 and 3 days after birth. Screening was never performed after 30 days of birth in those who presented risk factors. Coverage was 99.8% and the reference rate was 0.2%. Conclusions: Universal Hearing Screening Program application in the context of COVID-19 pandemic in Guantanamo province shows a fulfillment in the coverage indicator.

Introduction: in the teaching-learning process for the students of Stomatology, it is necessary to verify the mastery of knowledge, actions, operations and attitudes for the prevention of oral cancer. Objective: performing a methodological instrument that allows the evaluation of the development of the skill of early diagnosis of oral cancer in fifth year Stomatology students.Method: an educational, descriptive research with a mixed approach was carried out at the University of Medical Sciences in Guantánamo. The universe was constituted by the teachers and students of the fifth year of stomatology, from which a probability sample of 95 students and 20 teachers was chosen. For gathering the information some theoretical methods were used: historical-logical, analysis and synthesis, inductive-deductive, whereas empirical methods were also used: documentary analysis and the criteria of specialists to validate the proposal. Results: this methodological instrument showed a clear and flexible design for the evaluation of the development of the skill of early diagnosis of oral cancer in fifth year Stomatology students. Specialists as a whole considered it to be relevant, useful and feasible. Conclusions: the proposal will allow to evaluate the acquired ability of the fifth year Stomatology students for the early diagnosis of oral cancer, being considered a contribution for increasing the quality of the training process, and to guarantee that once they graduated they fulfill their social task according to the objectives of the Program for the Early Detection of Oral Cancer.

Introduction: traumatic injuries of the epiphysis are frequent in the pediatric age groups. The knee joint is one of the most involved, especially, distal femoral epiphysis. Objective: update and provide information concerning fractures of the distal femoral epiphysis.Method: search and analysis of information was gathered over a period of 61 days (April 1 to May 31, 2022) and the following words were used as a key: physeal injuries, physeal injuries and knee, physeal fractures aroundtheknee, distal femoral physeal fracture. Based on the information obtained, a bibliographic review was made of a total of 153 articles published in the PubMed, Hinari, SciELO and Medline databases, using the search engine and reference manager EndNote: 34 selected citations were used for the review, 33 of them from the last five years. Development: the most important anatomical characteristics related to the mechanism of production were mentioned. The Salter Harris classification was pointed too. The main treatment modalities, both conservative and surgical, based on the classification, were presented. Regarding complications, the most reported in the literature were described. Conclusions: fractures of the distal femoral epiphysis are complex injuries. For a better understanding, it is important to know the mechanisms of production, as well as the classification based on the degree of severity. Both conservative and surgical therapeutics have precise indications based on the degree and displacement of epiphysis affection.

A case report was made with the aim of showing the reconstruction surgery of two patients with a diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma in nasal ala, in which the evolution was observed according to the therapeutic modality used after tumor resection. In both patients, the functionality and esthetics objectives were achieved, with the completed resection of tumor and with the guarantee of a good quality of life, which is the high priority of modern oncology. In patients with basal cell carcinoma, surgery continues to be the best option with the use of skin flaps to repair the nasal defect; however, due to its characteristics, nasal surgery is a surgical challenge. There is no ideal flap, it is an individualized procedure, and the reconstructive option must be planned according to each patient and their own characteristics, as well as those concerning the residual surgical defect.

Introduction: didactic strategies, as a whole, demand the establishment of a dialogical, constant and triangular relationship between educators, learners and methodologies, even though the learner is unaware or not of the methodologies used by the professor for purpose required. Objective: to validate a manual for designing and elaborating a didactic strategy to enhance the information level for medical students concerning COVID-19. Method: a manual based on a didactic strategy structural design was elaborated with the porpuse of increase the knowledge for the second year medical students at the Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Sancti Spíritus, Cuba, on the signs, symptoms of COVID-19 and the prevention methods used at the beginning of the pandemic in the country. Thirty national experts in medical education sciences gave their opinions on the relevance of the didactic strategy and about the structural design of the manual, which were analyzed by the Delphi method. The success of the strategy implementation was assessed implementing tests to the studied population before and after the introduction of the didactic strategy in the period 2021- 2022. Results: the experts’ opinion concerning the fundamentals underpinning the didactic strategy for higher medical education and the quality of the proposed manual was highly favorable in general consensus.Conclusions: both the educational strategy and the elaboration of the manual were validated by the experts for its application in higher medical education and in particularly for the detection and containment of COVID-19.

Introduction: the science-technology-innovation-society approach is a new reflection on the interrelationship and impact of science, technology and innovation in the social and humanistic context from a multidisciplinary perspective.Objective: to design an action policy that favors the science-technology-innovation-society approach of health professionals in the fight against toxic habits. Method: a pedagogical study was developed at the Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Guantánamo in 2009 with empirical, theoretical and mathematical-statistical methods. The components, relationships and essential qualities of the system of actions that favor the appropriate science-technology-innovation-society approach were configured through modeling, identifying the scientific problem on how to contribute to making this approach viable in the fight against toxic habits.Results: the derivations described in this article suggested the understanding, by the study sample, of the need for the science-technology-innovation-society approach as a scientific-methodological tool to fight against toxic habits, perceiving changes in traditional cognitive and procedural points of view, and the attitude about the subject for a refreshing look with an effective response from the health and educational sciences to a social problem in the country. Conclusions: a policy of actions is offered, which enables the articulation of the science-technology-innovation-society approach, from an integrating perspective of scientific action with education, to the fight against toxic habits.

Introduction: in the current analysis of the workplace environment, there are evidences linked with obesity and its influence on productivity and absenteeism decrease, representing a topic of interest on occupational health. Objective: comparison of body mass index (BMI) by gender in administrative personnel at the matrix institution, Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes (UNIANDES), in the city of Ambato, Ecuador, in the period November-December 2018. Method: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective study was carried out in 130 subjects of this institution. It was framed in an epidemiological design, related to the relational level. As a parametric statistical procedure an independent samples t-test (or Student´s t-test) was used. An impedance meter of high-precision, model Inbody 770, was used. It was applied the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test including the Lilliefors significance correction for analyzing the data normality and also it was used the Levene test for homoscedasticity. Results: male gender predominated in age, weight, and height, whereas, female gender was superiority in values related to BMI and percentage of fat mass, according to the bioimpedance analysis. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test of BMI yielded an asymptotic significance (bilateral) of 0.170 and 0.200 for males and females, respectively, with a p≤0.05. Conclusions: after compared the BMI by gender of administrative personnel at the UNIANDES, it was evident that there are no genders differences in the population analyzed.