Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Today we have the honor and joy of sharing with the scientific and university community that the "Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana" is part of the prestigious collection  "Scielo Citation index" of Web of Science (WoS ).  Scientific journals have become the first instrument and vehicle of scientific communication. Furthermore, periodic scientific publications are known and recognized by the scientific community based on their editorial quality, their degree of visibility and their levels of impact on scientific production, measured both by citations in other publications and by their presence in alternative metrics.

Gas poisoning, both voluntary and involuntary, has a high incidence and is often accompanied by high mortality. Occupational exposures and fires are the most common sources of inhalation injury. Suffocants chemicals are substances that cause oxygen deficiency without interfering with respiratory mechanics by altering biological oxidative mechanisms. Among the main chemical fixing agents are carbon monoxide and cyanide, which act by altering cellular respiration through blocks of mitochondrial enzymes. When exposed inadequately to both gases, they can cause symptoms ranging from mild and nonspecific symptoms to alterations at the neurological and cardiovascular levels or even death within minutes. It is important to know the comprehensive management of patients intoxicated by biochemical asphyxiants, in the case of carbon monoxide, the adequate use of oxygen and support measures, and in the case of cyanide, antidotes and their adequate administration, in order to decrease mortality and aftermath.

Objective: To review, evaluate and synthesize available literature on neonatal and maternal factors and invasive procedures associated with late neonatal sepsis during the last ten years. Methods: The databases used for the bibliographic search were: Pubmed/Medline, LILACS, SciELO, and Google Scholar. Analytical studies investigating risk factors for late neonatal sepsis by stages (title, abstract and full text) were selected. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Heterogeneity was set, and a random-effects meta-analysis was performed for the following risk factors: gender, gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score at 5 min, premature rupture of membranes, route of delivery, use of a central venous catheter, and ventilation. Mechanics. The effect was measured with an odds ratio. The certainty of the evidence was determined using the GRADE methodology. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO. Results: Eight studies from 633 records were collected. Heterogeneity was high. Three male studies OR: 1.97(0.26-14.59) p=0.03; I2 =80%, prematurity 2 studies OR: 2.48 (1.13-5.45); p=0.04; I2 =72%, use of central venous catheter 4 studies – OR: 3.83 (1.07 – 13.71) p<0.01; I2 =89% and mechanical ventilation 4 studies OR: 2.83 (1.42 – 5.68); p<0.01; I2 =86%) were independent factors for the development of late neonatal sepsis. Studies had the lowest comparability assessment score when the risk of bias was applied. The results had low certainty of evidence. Interpretation: Male sex, prematurity, use of a central venous catheter, and mechanical ventilation are risk factors for late sepsis.

Introduction: Hip fractures are a pathology of traumatic origin that generates a high impact on public health. The objective is to evaluate the interobserver reproducibility of the Tronzo classification for intertrochanteric fractures. Methods: Observational, analytical and retrospective study carried out in Ibagué - Colombia, 48 hip radiographs were analyzed, classified by 10 observed among specialists and training personnel, using the Tronzo classification. Interobserver reproducibility is assessed using the kappa concordance coefficient. Results: Among all those observed in the study, there is greater agreement in the identification of intertrochanteric fractures of lesser and greater severity (Tronzo I and V), the main exponents of this agreement are the most experienced staff, the staff in training, with intermediate experience they agree when identifying those of intermediate severity and for those with less experience the concordance becomes evident when evaluating the intermediate grades. Conclusion: The concordance increases with the experience for the identification of the types with high complexity. This classification is not suitable for clinical practice, another system is necessary for this type of fracture in clinical conduct.

Background: Biological treatment is currently used as an alternative for the treatment of ulcerative colitis in patient’s refractory to conventional treatment. Objective: To evaluate biological treatment in patients with ulcerative colitis refractory to conventional treatment in a 3rd level care Hospital. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, longitudinal study was carried out in patients with UC who were refractory to conventional treatment and who received biological treatment. The variables were evaluated in 3 moments: basal state (without biological treatment), at six and twelve months from the start of biological treatment. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize general population, later the 3 states mentioned above were described with their respective variables. Results: Eighteen patients with a mean age of 41.2 years were included. Evaluations at baseline and at 6 and 12 months showed: presence of blood in stools and abdominal pain in 94.4%%, 22.2% and 11.1% respectively; hemoglobin concentration >10.5 g/dl in 50%, 83.3% and 88.9%; serum albumin concentration >3.2 g/dl in 72.2%, 83.3% and 88.9%; the visual Mayo endoscopic scale 38.9%, 33.3% and 16.7% presented Mayo 2 and 61.1%, 16.7% and 1.7% Mayo 3. The histological activity in the baseline evaluation reached a severe level (11.1%), while in evaluations at 6 and 12 months they reached moderate in 55.6% and 27.8% respectively. Conclusions: Biological therapy as a treatment in patients with ulcerative colitis showed improvement in clinical, biochemical, endoscopic and histological manifestations, so far none with deep remission of the disease, no adverse reactions to treatment have been presented.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with retinopathy in patients of the Comprehensive Diabetes Program of the San Genaro Health Center in Villa Chorrillos. Methods: Descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, prospective study; with a sample of 119 adults and older adults. Non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used. The variables studied were diabetic retinopathy, type of diabetic retinopathy, degree of diabetic retinopathy, age, sex, educational level, time of illness, time belonging to the program, type of treatment, personal history of arterial hypertension, personal history of dyslipidemia, mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP), Body Mass Index (BMI), Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c), Total Cholesterol, LDL Cholesterol, HDL Cholesterol, Triglycerides, creatinine clearance, microalbuminuria, visual efficiency of Snell-Sterling, associated ocular pathology and ocular pressure. Descriptive statistical methods were used. Results: The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) was 15.1%, of which 77.8% is nonproliferative RD and 22.2% proliferative RD. In relation to the degrees in Non-Proliferative DR, 64.3% is mild and 35.7% moderate; and in Proliferative DR, 25% is early, 25% high risk and 50% severe. The biochemical value that showed a considerable difference was microalbuminuria, reaching a value of 356.9 mg/dl/24hrs. Conclusions: The prevalence of retinopathy is 15.1%, of which 77.8% is non-proliferative retinopathy and 22.2% proliferative retinopathy and the associated factors were systolic blood pressure (p<0.001) and microalbuminuria(p<0.001).

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma is a non-neoplastic skin lesion of the non-Langerhans histiocytosis type, which mainly affects the pediatric population and usually has a self-limited course. Exceptionally, the lesion is multifocal, ocular and even visceral, causing severe complications. We present the case of two 10-year-old female patients, with no other symptoms or important history, both with a single lesion, one on the thigh, with 3 months of evolution, the other on the scalp, with 4 months of evolution, both with progressive growth and surgically removed. The anatomopathological study identified multiple histiocytes in the dermis, with cytoplasmic lipidization and forming giant multinucleated cells, some of the Touton type, characteristic of this lesion. This unusual entity is reviewed, with emphasis on the histopathological criteria and the usual clinical course.

The aim was to describe the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and associated factors of long-COVID. Bibliographic research of systematic reviews and meta-analyses was carried out in MEDLINE (through PubMed) until April 7th, 2022. 37 articles were found and 3 were included. Evidence quality was assessed via AMSTAR 2 criteria. Long-COVID prevalence is 43% (IC95%: 39% – 46%). Main clinical manifestations were weakness (41% [IC95%: 25% – 59%]), malaise (33% [IC95%: 15% – 57%]), fatigue (31% [IC95%: 24% – 39%]), concentration impairment (26% [IC95%: 21% – 32%]), and breathlessness (25% [IC95%: 18% – 34%]). Factors associated with long COVID were female sex, initial disease severity, age, and presence of comorbidities.

In his brilliant article published under the name Anxiety level of first-year medical students from a private university in Peru in times of Covid-19, he shows us that of 57 first-year medical students, 75.4% suffered from high levels of anxiety during the current pandemic, which seemed to me a disturbing result, since it is a condition that has been involving practically all of us in recent years. We can also observe that a significant association was found between the female sex and the presence of anxiety1, which would mean that this impact has a certain degree of preference in terms of sex. It is essential to give the appropriate importance and receive treatment as soon as possible to this mental health problem and thus avoid even more serious consequences, therefore, both family and professional support should be had.

Dear editor,The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected other disease prevention and control programs that could cause more deaths than the coronavirus itself (1), and also having substantial consequences for other domains, such as social impact: slowing economic growth and increasing rates of unemployment, poverty, and food insecurity.