ISSN: 2310-2799
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546,196 artículos
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1870-4115
Guillén Villafuerte, José Javier
CIMSUR-UNAM
Resumen
During the smallpox epidemic from 1794 to 1795, the authorities of the Kingdom of Guatemala implemented a health campaign consisting of a regional and local adaptation of the provisions that had been issued by the Spanish Crown since 1780 aimed at eliminating this disease, on the one hand, and implementing original initiatives set forth by Guatemalan government officials and doctors. This paper therefore analyzes the measures adopted to assist the population affected by smallpox. It also examines the participation of deputy delegates, senior mayors, magistrates, and parish priests in implementing the campaign. Finally, it studies the scope these actions attained in Chiapas and Western Guatemala.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1870-4115
Martínez García, Nereida Crystabel; Santiago Martínez, Godofredo G.
CIMSUR-UNAM
Resumen
This paper analyzes two different greetings in the Mixe language spoken in Yacochi and Tamazulápam, in Oaxaca State. It is an initial approach to studying greetings from the perspective of Anthropological Linguistics, anchored in deixis and acting. The study used a general approach to parental theories in order to define what is called a “greeting” in Spanish. These two varieties of Mixe are reported to use kojts- poo’kxë’n and käjpxpo’kxï’n as a greeting (in Yacochi and Tamazulápam, respectively). These expressions are interpreted to mean “taking a break from speech.” Our database links what is expressed formally throu- gh a greeting with the extralinguistic conditions in which the greeting takes place. The paper sets forth that the greeting in these two varieties of the Mixe language is a discursive construction of gender that occurs in a multimodal context.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1870-4115
Jasso Vargas, Rosalba
CIMSUR-UNAM
Resumen
This paper reviews some concepts surrounding the link between gender, migration, and violence in order to understand the condition of vulnerability and risk migrant women face in their transit through Mexico, particularly, the risk of death. It aims to reflect and analyze the main weaknesses of the mortality statistics produced by the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI by its acronym in Spanish) identifying the migrants who die while in transit through Mexico, particularly Central American women. Through reviewing the death certificates issued by the Civil Registry in five municipalities on the southern border, this paper notes how incorporating and disaggregating some of the variables in INEGI’s records contributes to characterizing the cases of foreigners who die in transit through Mexico.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1870-4115
Liffman, Paul
CIMSUR-UNAM
Resumen
This article employs Los wixaritari: el espacio compartido y la comunidad (translatable to The Wixaritari: Shared Space and the Community) by Héctor Medina Miranda (2020), a book on the history and anthropology of the indigenous peoples of the Gran Nayar region in the southern Sierra Madre Occidental mountains of Mexico, to address five general themes in sociocultural anthropology: 1) the identity, location, and political organization of linguistic-cultural groups identified in ethnohistorical sources; 2) theories of territorialization, placemaking, and kiekari (“rancherity” or the domestication of space), which include the notion of land as property in the nation-state; 3) the organization of new indigenous settlements across a large geographical area which had not been studied extensively until now; 4) the nexus between ritual ideology and regional power relations; and 5) the connection between “the invention of tradition” and placemaking as a performative act in the historical process of ongoing reterritorialization
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1870-4115
Martínez Cuero, Julieta; López Arévalo, Jorge Alberto; Gómez Santiago, Sergio Martín
CIMSUR-UNAM
Resumen
This paper aims to analyze the role played by formal and informal institutions in sending, receiving, and using remittances in two indigenous communities in Mexico with a historical experience of migration and high poverty levels. It explores the socioeconomic dynamics of the migrants' territories of origin, focusing on the influence of socially shared rules, as well as family and community agreements concerning decisions about consumption, investment, and/or savings in recipient households. The findings presented were obtained from fieldwork conducted during 2019 and 2020 in two sites in San Juan Chamula, in which 35 interviews were made and 30 surveys were applied to key stakeholders. The conclusions highlight the need to strengthen institutions in order to promote a productive use of foreign income and emphasize the importance of these money transfers to reduce poverty.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1870-4115
Jardón Hernández, Ana Elizabeth; Salas Alfaro, Renato; Hernández Lara, Itzel
CIMSUR-UNAM
Resumen
This paper highlights the process of agency in the experience of social and labor reintegration of Mexicans deported from the United States. Throughout the analysis of seven digital narratives included in an archive entitled Humanizing Deportation, this paper presents an approach to the perceptions about the experience of men and women who were deported from the United States and are now in Tijuana. The analysis of their narratives provides these people with visibility as active subjects with projects of their own, i.e., with the capacity to integrate into the social context they find themselves in after deportation. In addition, this analysis makes it possible to identify different social stakeholders that exercise solidarity, facilitating the migrants’ integration into the labor market and their agency in contexts of difficulty and suffering.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1870-4115
Morán Pérez, Ana Victoria
CIMSUR-UNAM
Resumen
During the covid-19 pandemic, the medical staff in doctors’ offices adjacent to private pharmacies, a private healthcare service, played a fundamental role since 76% of people with symptoms of covid-19 sought the private sector. Based on a theoretical approach provided by medical anthropology, an analysis was made about we how risk is perceived by the medical staff in doctors’ offices located in Oaxaca de Juárez. Using in-depth interviews with eight physicians, it was demonstrated that the perception of risk is influenced, among other factors, by their condition of vulnerability, the perception of the doctor’s office as a “hazardous” environment, or the role behaviors of the medical profession. In addition, the paper sets forth that in the face of uncertainty, the dissemination of medical knowledge is the most effective practice to reduce harm.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1870-4115
López Molina, Luis Alberto; Evangelista García, Angélica Aremy; Eroza Solana, Enrique
CIMSUR-UNAM
Resumen
Even though some aspects of the collective imaginary regarding HIV and aids have changed over time, others have become established, contributing to the stigmatization of those who are socially more vulnerable to contracting the syndrome, such as people representing sexual diversity. In many cases, stigmatization is more devastating than the syndrome itself. Using a qualitative analysis, it was observed that new collective imaginaries are evolving around the chronicity of HIVinfection. However, these meanings were not shared by all the research participants, since the intersectionality of their social, material, and symbolic conditions makes it possible for them to undergo a diversity of experiences, acquire knowledge, and experience desires.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1870-4115
Pérez Pérez, Emilio; Villafuerte Solís, Daniel
CIMSUR-UNAM
Resumen
This paper analyzes a conflict in the communal lands of Tila, in the north of Chiapas, characterized by political violence. Groups of economic, social, and political power are here fighting to gain control over the territory. It is a scenario of multiple tensions between the communal land and municipal authorities, the former with a proposal for autonomy supported by the Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN) and the latter linked to the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), under the new façade of the Green Ecologist Party of Mexico (PVEM), which seeks to maintain control over the territory.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1870-4115
Oseguera Montiel, Andrés; Schiebeck Villegas, Ricardo
CIMSUR-UNAM
Resumen
A survey-based genealogical method was used to analyze the migratory characteristics of the inhabitants of a Rarámuri community in Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua State in an urban and multicultural context. This method was also used to analyze the role played by parental relationships regarding insertion into the labor market and the configuration of a community or neighborhood. The research, based on the study of kinship relationships between those dwelling in this settlement, demonstrates the marginality of urban life experienced by indigenous people derived from interethnic relationships with Mennonites and chabochi (“Mexican” or mixed-descent people).
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