Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

El presente es un comentario del libro, América Latina en la transición demográfica (1800-2050), de Héctor Pérez Brignoli, publicado por la editorial Teseo, Buenos Aires, Argentina, en colaboración con el Centro Centroamericano de Población (CCP), de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR). Mediante siete capítulos y un epílogo, este libro representa una contribución a los conocimientos sobre la transición demográfica en América Latina. Esta obra se documenta, con base en estudios detallados de los diferentes países, con una gran cantidad de comparaciones internacionales y, además, se sustenta en los avances actuales en el campo de la demografía y de los estudios de las poblaciones. Se recomienda su lectura para estudiantes y especialistas en demografía, pero también para el público en general que se interesa en estos temas.  

In this article I intend to study the relationship between a sector of the Montevideo Press and the Capital’s Police Headquarters during the 1910s and the early 1920s of the twentieth century, from a quantitative approach, through the analysis of news related to the crime. A moment that stood out because of the tension between newspapers and authorities of the time. For this, I focused on La Tribuna Popular, an organ that closely followed the police chronicles and reports , supporting the idea of the growth in the crime rate in the city. Traditionally , its argument was based on questioning criminal law, the administration of justice and especially the functioning of the Montevideo Police force itself. My proposal aims to analyze the relationship of the evening newspaper with two of the most censored chiefs of the period (Juan Antonio Pintos and Virgilio Sampognaro) until the change of course which was produced by the assumption of Gómez Folle in the year 1923. The present work confirms the impact that the permanent preaching through editorials and articles dedicated to tracking and monitoring criminal information had. That impact eroded the prestige of an institution systematically presented under the qualifier label of madness or insanity.

This article studies the erection process of the bishopric of Aguascalientes in the last decades of the 19th century. The linking of various religious, economic, political, and social factors, in conjunction with the interests of both the lay Catholic people and ecclesiastical elites, allowed the establishment of the episcopal see of Aguascalientes within the context of the territorial reorganization and social recomposition of the Church in Mexico, promoted from the Holy See by Pope Leo XIII. The particularity of this erection lies in the small territorial extension with which it was formed and the strong opposition presented by the Archbishopric of Guadalajara, which even managed to stop the project at a certain point.

The article rebuilds the socio-political ideology of workers, men and women, from one of the most important worker publications for the period studied: the Hoja Obrera Journal. Workers’ ideas from this period are identified and analyzed; they are related to social inequality, the worker organization and union, politics, homeland and patriotism, the establishment of a work party, and its definition of workers. Through a methodology based on the study of the Hoja Obrera publications between 1909 and 1912, it concludes the diversity of ideas about these topics and the syncretism of their political influences, among them liberalism, socialism, and anarchism, just as its critical look before conceptions like the homeland and patriotism.

En este trabajo, se analiza la trayectoria de Marco Le Maire en la Danza Moderna, y cómo través de esta, entran en disputa las nociones hegemónicas de masculinidad persistentes a finales del siglo XX en Costa Rica. En este sentido, la metodología de investigación que se procura indaga y vincula de manera cualitativa la experiencia de Marco Le Maire con fenómenos más generales como la construcción de masculinidades, los límites que imponen sobre desterminados sujetos y la manera en cómo estos los afectan. Finalmente, se busca aportar al conocimiento que se tienen sobre la danza costarricense como un espacio público de construcción y deconstrucción de diferentes nociones de masculinidad.

This paper focuses on the main aspects to consider in the historical research on pre-Hispanic Childhood based on colonial documents. I analyze the mentality of the chroniclers, the different ideologies they had, the life cycles, and the models they followed to write their works, in which they described the Indigenous childhood using their own parameters. Also, I include some examples that show how Indigenous people incorporated Western models in the descriptions of their own past. Finally, I analyze the words that the Europeans used to define children, some of which have different meanings nowadays.

The study examines the association between problems of accessibility of public space and the social isolation of older people with disabilities. The methodology is based on a multivariate statistical analysis (binary logistic regression, main components, cluster) of the data from a survey of 381 older adults with disabilities and an environmental audit of street segments in the downtown of Hermosillo, Mexico. A public space accessibility scale is used to evaluate the indicators of functionality, comfort, safety and destination. The results indicated that the risk of social isolation is associated with low functional capacity, cardiovascular diseases, psychological problems, less mobility outside the home, few social networks, and accessibility problems of public space. In neighborhoods with a high risk of social isolation, there were greater problems of perceived accessibility (poor condition of streets and sidewalks, lighting, insecurity) and objective accessibility (degree of accessibility, functionality and destination) in public space, and lower functional capacity. Modifications to the environmental characteristics that determine the accessibility of public space could redefine behavior and prevent social isolation of older adults with disabilities, promoting age-friendly cities and communities to the active and healthy ageing.

In Chile there is a growing social appreciation of wetlands, expressed in conflicts and local movements that seek the protection of these ecosystems. The interpretation of a “wetland” definition and its application to different geographical contexts, to determine whether measures for their protection are necessary, has been at the center of these socio-environmental conflicts. We use a legal geography approach based on case studies to shed light on how the Ramsar Convention definition of “wetlands” has been used in three of the main jurisdictional instances for environmental dispute resolution in Chile: application for amparo, the Environmental Courts and the Office of the Comptroller General of Chile. We find that, while the Supreme Court has used a broad interpretation requiring only that an ecosystem meets the Ramsar Convention wetland definition to be protected –regardless of its official protection status– other instances such as the Environmental Courts and the Comptroller General of the Republic have been more restrictive demanding wetland official protection to regulate activities that may affect these ecosystems. This has practical consequences for the legal options and strategies used by those seeking to promote or limit wetland protection.

Objective: To analyze the demographic characteristics of patients with articular calcaneal fractures in connection with trauma mechanisms and fracture patterns, according to the Sanders and Essex-Lopresti classifications. Materials and Methods: 94 patients and 111 articular calcaneal fractures were evaluated retrospectively, analyzing the following variables: age, gender, fractured side, mechanism of trauma, and associated injuries. The patients were initially evaluated through foot radiographs (anteroposterior and lateral) and axial computerized tomography with multiplanar reconstruction. Demographic data were analyzed combined withthe types of fracture. Results: 94 patients (78 men and 16 women) who presented 105 intra-articular calcaneal fractures (11.7% were bilateral) were evaluated. The average age was 40.1±12.5 years. 9.8% of the fractures were caused by high-level falls and 20.1% by traffic accidents. 9.5% had associated injuries. The patients with bilateral fractures presented more associated injuries (p = 0.0123) and the same fracture pattern and Sanders type in both feet. The Sanders classification and Essex Lopresti patterns were unrelated to age, gender, and trauma mechanism. Conclusion: Calcaneal fractures are more frequent in male and young patients, and the most common trauma mechanism is a high-level fall. Patients with bilateral fractures present a higher rate of associated injuries and the same Sanders type fracture and Essex-Lopresti pattern in both feet.

Introduction: The fracture of the anterolateral region of the distal tibial epiphysis, or Tillaux-Chaput tubercle, is known as Tillaux fracture. It is an exceptional entity in adults, but it has significant importance because it affects the tibiotalar joint surface, the stability of the syndesmosis, and, in some cases, the fibular notch. We present the case of a 45-year-old woman treated in the Emergency Service due to rotational trauma to the left ankle and functional impairment and pain in the anterolateral region of the ankle. The radiographs led to the suspicion of a fracture line corresponding to the Tillaux-Chaput tubercle. Therefore, a CT scan was performed, which confirmed a Tillaux fracture with a >2 mm displacement and involvement of the fibular notch. The patient underwent open reduction and internal fixation. The fracture consolidated after 3 months. One year after surgery, her clinical and functional status was excellent. Conclusion: Diagnostic suspicion through meticulous physical examination and anamnesis and confirmation by imaging studies are essential for the proper management of rare fracture patterns, such as Tillaux fractures.