ISSN: 2310-2799
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546,196 artículos
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Año:
2016
ISSN:
1699-3950
FRENKEL, Alejandro
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Resumen
The present work seeks to deconstruct the process of creation of the South American Defense School (ESUDE), inaugurated on April 17 at the headquarters of the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR). Conceived as a fundamental step in the materialization of a main goal of the South American Defense Council (CDS) —that is, the generation of a South American defense identity— the article proposes to identify and analyze those factors that impacted positively on the realization of the school and, at the same time, establishing what are the concomitant processes that act as limits for its consolidation. The first includes the multidimensionality of the integration, the construction of a South American identity, and the delegitimization of the hemispheric institutions. Among the negatives, the high degree of autonomy in the armed forces and the differences in the conceptions of defense and security.
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Año:
2016
ISSN:
1699-3950
ZAPATA, Micaela
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Resumen
This study aims to do a historical review of the interrelation between the religious substrate of American identity and the concept of terrorism constructed within such identity context. For achieving this objective, the analysis is divided into four sections. The first is concerned with presenting the general guidelines for tackling the link between identity and terrorism. The next section is dedicated to present the period when terrorism begins to acquire a distinctive entity as manifestation of political violence in America of the early twentieth century. The third title settles between the mid- to late Cold War years, when the phenomenon of terrorism went through a new process of signification. Finally and in addition to the previous section, the last part retakes the terrorism from the ‘70s, but the analysis focus in the domestic scene in US.
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Año:
2016
ISSN:
1699-3950
CAÑÓN VOIRIN, Julio Lisandro
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Resumen
During the 1970s, for the first time in the political history of Southern Cone, a supranational integration between the various dictatorships in the region was established. Those dictatorships intensified state repressive action, by operating a counterrevolutionary war machinery of state, with a clear desire to liquidate the opposition that reached its objective through the disappearance of people and the spread of terror. A result of this process was the massive violation of human rights with no national or ideological boundaries. In the social sciences, the conceptualization of state terrorism was used before its conceptual precision allowed uniform criteria. This article contributes with a conceptual theoretical reflection to advance the understanding of the specific mechanisms of emergence, expansion and transnationalization of state terrorism. It is exemplified by the specific study of Operación Cóndor, which demonstrates the integration of the dictatorships of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.
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Año:
2016
ISSN:
1699-3950
FERNÁNDEZ DE MOSTEYRÍN, Laura
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Resumen
This paper develops a sociopolitical analysis of contemporary debates on terrorism. It departs form the assumptions that political violence and its scientific explanation, can only be grasped under sociohistorical contexts and it requires interdisciplinary and reflexive effort. Therefore, contemporary debates need to be addressed under the ideological logics of the War on Terror. Under these premises, the paper examines mainstream accounts —Terrorism Studies— and Critical Studies on Terrorism. After 9/11, the huge increase of research, publications, think tanks and expert’s communities has consolidated an industry of terrorism knowledge that produces justifications of counterterrorist policies. At the same time, there is an emerging movement in the field, producing fresh and alternative explanations borrowing from Critical Traditions. From both grounds, efforts are being made to produce narratives of legitimization /delegitimization of contemporary practices of counterterrorism. It is in this sense that they become part of a wider conflict.
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Año:
2016
ISSN:
1699-3950
KAKDEU, Louis-Marie
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Resumen
This article tries to adapt socialist and Marxist reading grids to the Cameroon case. It draws on the neo-Gramscian literature leaving aside concepts unsuited to the realities of the country. It offers the analysis axis harmed/profiteers who contrasts with that of proletarian/bourgeois in the literature. However, it notes that the client/owners paradigm remains the nodal point of neo-patrimonial relations. The article emphasizes the concept of “mass consciousness” to that of “legal consciousness” or “class consciousness”. It leads to a conclusion similar to that of Gramsci’s according to which the political system resists to the revolutionary commitment of harmed people in Cameroon thanks to the trenches built in social organizations under the influence of the hegemonic culture of profiteers.
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Año:
2016
ISSN:
1699-3950
ATILES-OSORIA, José Manuel
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Resumen
This paper puts forth the concept of colonial state terror as a category for the analysis of the uses of political violence in the Puerto Rican colonial conflict by US and Puerto Rican governments and pro-state organisations. To this end, the paper is divided in three general parts: firstly, it provides an analysis of the legal and political definition of US colonialism through the concept of the colonial state of exception; secondly, it exposes the concept of colonial state terror; and thirdly, it develops a brief history of the uses of colonial state terror in the long history of US colonialism in Puerto Rico. In doing so, this paper seeks to establish a research agenda for the better understanding of the relationship between colonialism, political violence, law and de-politicisation.
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Año:
2016
ISSN:
1699-3950
SILVA SÁNCHEZ, Victoria
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Resumen
Review-essay of:
JACKSON, Richard, BREEN SMYTH, Marie y GUNNING, Jeroen (ed.), Critical Terrorism Studies. A new research agenda, Routledge, Londres, 2009, ps. 274.
TELLIDIS, Ioanis y TOROS, Harmonie (ed.), Researching Terrorism, Peace and Conflict Studies. Interaction, synthesis and opposition, Routledge, Londres, 2015, ps. 229.
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