Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introducción: La Cirugía Plástica Ocular (CPO) es una rama clínico-quirúrgica de la Oftalmología, dedicada a tratar las enfermedades de los anexos oculares. Sus inicios en Cuba datan de la década del 70 en el siglo XX.Objetivo: referir los acontecimientos históricos relacionados con el surgimiento y desarrollo de la Cirugía Plástica Ocular en Pinar del Río.Material y método: se realizó un estudio exploratorio, utilizándose para obtener la información fundamentalmente la revisión documental y los testimonios.Resultados: el avance científico técnico alcanzado fundamentalmente en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología  permitió el surgimiento de la CPO en Pinar del Río y la Misión Milagro favoreció el desarrollo de la subespecialidad en la provincia, incrementándose los logros alcanzados. Conclusiones: la revisión documental y en especial los testimonios permitieron rescatar la información necesaria sobre los médicos que se han dedicado a esta rama de la oftalmología en Pinar del Río y los sucesos más relevantes en torno al tema.

El imperativo de una enseñanza que combine los referentes teóricos y la solución práctica  de situaciones fácticas que el estudiante debe enfrentar como problemas profesionales, ha sido reconocido por los estudiosos de las ciencias médicas, potenciando la aplicación del método clínico. Durante el proceso de formación de juristas se aboga porque los estudiantes reciban una docencia legible, competente, conexa y ajustada a las motivaciones y necesidades que le exige la formación universitaria. Una mirada al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las Ciencias Jurídicas, en especial las Penales y Criminológicas, revela que la selección de métodos no es adecuada para propiciar un aprendizaje que revista significatividad para el estudiante. En ese sentido, cobra particular importancia la relación teoría-práctica que ha fundamentado el proceso formativo de los profesionales de la salud en Cuba que se conoce como método clínico, del cual se deriva el método que se conoce en la didáctica del Derecho como Clínica Jurídica. El objetivo del presente artículo es fundamentar la importancia de la utilización del método clínico de la medicina en el aprendizaje en el área de las ciencias penales y criminológicas.

Introduction: the introduction of new information and communication technologies within the educational system has led to a progressive renovation of the didactic system standards involving the students. It is precisely in teaching that the accelerated development of new information technologies, in particular educational software, has come to transform all the components of this process, developing the traditional pedagogical model towards new pedagogical models, where space, time and resources for learning are not limited.Objective: to design an Educational Multimedia Health Care Statistics for the students of Hygiene and Epidemiology discipline of the technical - professional education.Method: it is an applied research using the main theoretical methods of historical-logical, induction-deduction and modeling; within the empirical levels: literature review and interview.Results: business and domain modeling was obtained, as well as the cases used by the system, the functionality diagrams and the functional and non-functional requirements are obtained.Conclusions: the elements related to the design of the Multimedia for the subject of  Health Statistics in the discipline of Hygiene and Epidemiology were analyzed, which allowed to identify the characteristic elements of this type of software for the subsequent development of a multimedia that can be used as a means of teaching; which contributes to the quality of education.

Sea finding behavior of hatchlings of the Olive Ridley Sea Turtle, Lepidochelys olivacea, Kept in captivity for short periods from 0 to 60 hours was studied. The behavior of hatchlings is either the product of: 1) the independent influences of two factors (length of captivity and the hour the release) or 2) the result of both, and, in some cases, no infuence was found. Additionally, size and weight combined with the degree of individual or collective strength can be influencial. To advance 20 m of beach, the hatchlings spent from 13 to 24 min. according to treatment (length of track on the sand: 23-33 m).Sea finding efficiency, as measured by speed, was 2.08 and 1.32 m/min for groups with 49-60 and 37-48 hours of captivity respectively. 

Uno de los temas de mayor controversia actualmente y que ha llamado la atención entre muchos ecólogos evolucionistas y zoogeógrafos, es el origen y distribución de las comunidades coralinas y arrecifes del Océano Pacífico tropical Oriental. Dicha controversia se ha centralizado en dos teorías completamente opuestas que intentan explicar el proceso. La dispersión de larvas a larga distancia (Dana 1975) afirma que las comunidades actuales son modernas y provienen del transporte de larvas del Pacífico Central, después de que ocurrieran extinciones masivas posteriores a la formación del istmo centroamericano. El Vicarismo (McCoy & Heck 1976; Heck & McCoy 1978), explica la formación de comunidades coralinas como remanentes de una biota Pan-Tética ampliamente distribuida, y que ha sido modificada por fenómenos tectónicos, especiaciones y extinciones. Como resumen Glynn y Wellington (1983), la primera hipótesis supone una distribución de especies en largas distancias y cortos períodos de tiempo, y la segunda cortas distancias durante largos períodos de tiempo.

Effects of various diets on Eudrilus eugeniae (Oligochaeta) coccon production and the effects of various incubating media on hatchability of the cocoons, were studied in culture pots. The results indicated that the Pennisetum polystachion (Shum et Thonn) grass diet, as compared to the Panicum maximum (L) grass diet induced more and faster cocoon production, greater hatchability, greater number of worms per correlated to weight-1 cocoon (size) and varied with the cocoons were laid and isolated, and (for cocoons isolated from a given diet) the type of the incubating media significanty influenced hatchability and the number of worms per hatch. Generally vermicompost material (mostly earthworm castas and little organic residues) constituted favourable incubating media which gave rise to great hatchability and hight number of worms per hatch. The number of days to hatching of cocoons was negatively correlated to the stage (duration days) at wich they were laid. Cocoons laid at later vermicomposting stage hatched out faster than those laid at the earlier stage.

This paper presents systematic and ecological remarks about three species of Mytilidae (Lithophaga aristata, L. plumula, and L. hancocki) and one of Gastrochaenidae (Gastrochaena ovata) found boring scleractinian corals of Gorgona lsland; Colombian Pacific coast. It includes a description of diagnostic characteristics of the shells, notes about habitat, bathymetríc range, sizes and geographical distribution. The dead bases of branched corals, and live parts of massive species, present more taxa and numbers of borers.

The terms “Eutrophication”, “Eutrophic” and “Oligotrophic”, frequently appear in the scientific literature. Most textbooks carefully avoid defining these terms, nebulously referring to “nutrient rich water” as eutrophic and “nutrient poor water” as oligotrophic. Several texts refer to the classical works on Limnology by Hutchinson, though these terms appear to date from publications in 1917 and 1918 by Naumann and Thienemann (Kelly and Naguib 1984). Hutchinson (1957), referring to eutrophication, makes a statement which is worthwhile repeating: “As is usual in the formative period of any science, the terminology employed at first is somewhat unsatisfactory”. Despite these words of caution 30 years ago, the terms flourished and are now in very general use in marine environmental science (for which they were never intended).

Limnological studies of Guatemalan lakes are scarce, Since 1978, flooding caused by increasing of lake Petén Itzá water level has been a serious problem. This lake is warm monomictic with thermocline around 20 meters and with a maximum depth of 60 m. Stratification lasts from February to November. Water chemical characteristics since 1969 to 1985 were subject to a preliminary investigation. Calcium doubled since 1975, the rest of ions remained constant. Probably, the increase of calcium was related with the plugging of the groundwater outflow, which causes the increasing of the water level. Sulfate was the main anion. Lyngbya and Mycrocystis were the dominant algae in 1969 and 1983, respectivelly.

A new poeciliid fish is described from material collected in the Río Coto basin in southeasternCosta Rica and western Panama. Brachyrhaphis roseni is similar to B. rhabdophora in lacking several specialized characteristics which are found in some of the other seven known congeners. B. rhabdophora replaces the new form in adjacent drainages to the north and B. episcopi, likewise, replaces B. roseni in central Panama.