Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

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This paper discusses the origins and content of the framework that guided the creation of the Center for Public Health Research in 1984 and the modernization of the School of Public of Health of Mexico, established in 1922. These two institutions eventually merged with the Center for Research in Infectious Disease to create, in 1987, the National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, one of the leading institutions of higher education and research in public health in the developing world.

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Objective. To present the design of the National Health and Nutrition Survey (Ensanut) 2022 and to quantify the progress of the Ensanut Continua 2020-2024. Materials and methods. Ensanut 2022 is the third survey in the series of surveys called Ensanut Continua 2020-2024. In this document, we describe the scope of Ensanut 2022 and its sampling, measurement and logistical organization procedures. In addition, the expected progress of the Ensanut Continua 2020-2024 at the conclusion of the Ensanut 2022 is presen­ted. Results. Ensanut 2022 will obtain nationwide, at least 10 160 complete household interviews and 9 441 SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity results. Conclusions. Ensanut 2022 will estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity at the national and regional levels and will continue with the data gathering process, in order to achieve the objectives of the Ensanut Continua 2020-2024.

The continuous development in telecommunication tech­nologies has created opportunities for health professionals to optimise healthcare delivery by adopting digital tools into rehabilitation programs (i.e., telerehabilitation). These tech­nological advances, along with the demographic and social characteristics of each country, have made the implementa­tion of telerehabilitation a disparate process across regions. We have gathered the experience of four countries (Australia, Chile, Brazil, and Colombia) in two different regions (Ocea­nia and South America) to recompile the history pre- and post-Covid-19 outbreak until January of 2021, the barriers to, and facilitators of telerehabilitation, and outline the future challenges for these countries.

Objective. To determine the exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in southern Mexico and the presence of the aflatoxin signature mutation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue from patients from a cancer referral center. Materials and methods. We estimated the prevalence and distribution of AFB1 in a representative sample of 100 women and men from Chiapas using the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018-19. We also examined the presence of the aflatoxin signature mutation in codon 249 (R249S), and other relevant mutations of the TP53 gene in HCC tissue blocks from 24 women and 26 men treated in a national cancer referral center. Results. The prevalence of AFB1 in serum samples was 85.5% (95%CI 72.1-93.1) and the median AFB1 was 0.117 pg/μL (IQR, 0.050–0.350). We detected TP53 R249S in three of the 50 HCCs (6.0%) and observed four other G>T transversions potentially induced by AFB1. Conclusion. Our analysis provides evidence that AFB1 may have a relevant role on HCC etiology in Mexico.

Objective. To determine the prevalence and factors related to depressive symptoms in older Mexican adults in urban and rural areas. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study. We examined older adults from a sample taken from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS-2018). 14 230 older Mexicans were screened for self-reported depressive symptoms. Results. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 29.8% (33.4% rural vs. 28.9% urban). In the rural and urban population, the probability of a high prevalence of depressive symptoms was higher in older adults with multimorbidity ≥3, severe pain, and fair/poor SRH. Only in the urban population the prevalence of depressive symptoms increased with lower schooling. Conclusion. Identification of the factors related to depressive symptoms may help healthcare professionals provide better treatment for specific groups in the population.

Objective. To explore the experiences and perceptions of quality of life (QoL) in family caregivers (FC) of people with intellectual disabilities (PID) in Morelos and Sinaloa, Mexico. Materials and methods. Qualitative study. Eighteen semi-structured interviews were conducted in FC of PID who attended basic public schools in Huitzilac, Morelos, and Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. Content analysis was performed with the support of the ATLAS.ti.8.0 program. Results. FC experience an affectation of their CV in different dimensions: emotional, physical and material well-being, personal develop­ment, self-determination and interpersonal relationships. The empathy and support generated with other FC make them feel good and relieve them of activities for short time lapses, reducing the load of care of PID. Conclusions. Caring for an PID can negatively affect the QoL of CF. It is suggested to develop and implement programs for care, support, and comprehensive guidance; likewise, create and strengthen mutual help groups with other caregivers.

Objective. To estimate the frequency of consumption of some recommended and non-recommended food groups during the Covid-19 pandemic in Mexico, and their associa­tion with sociodemographic characteristics and food security. Materials and methods. We used the Survey on the Effects of Covid-19 on the wellbeing of Mexican households (Encovid-19). We identified four groups with information about the frequency of their consumption, and estimated logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and food security. Results. Higher socioeco­nomic levels A/B and C were associated with higher frequency of consumption of recommended and non-recommended food groups. Mild food insecurity was associated with lower consumption of recommended food groups, while moder­ate and severe food insecurity were associated with lower consumption of all food groups. Conclusions. Understand­ing the experience of food insecurity during a crisis as the pandemic of Covid-19, may indicate the need to expand public programs and include groups who are not traditional recipients.

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