Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Objective. Determine the proportion of vaccinated patients in a private hematology and internal medicine outpatient clinic and potential factors in adherence in at-risk patients (due to onco-hematological diseases). Materials and methods. This is a cross-sectional study of outpatients from a private clinic. We applied a non-validated instrument to all patients attending the outpatient clinic from May to October 2021. According to the primary diagnosis, we classified patients into onco-hematological and non-onco-hematological patients. Since national authorities exclusively executed and planned the rollout of vaccines, the order and eligibility defined by authorities of vaccination was considered when conducting the analysis and patients were classified according to the their corresponding group. Results. 397 participants were accrued, 269 (68%) had an onco-hematological condition. In the whole group, 73 (18.3%) had a history of infection. Vaccination history was present in 286 persons (72%); 82% had two doses. In the subset of 269 persons with an onco-hematological condition, 191 (71%) were vaccinated, whereas 95 participants with non-hematological conditions (73%) had received the vaccine. Vaccination status was associated with age (OR 1.07, 95%CI: 1.03,1.10, p<0.0001) and body mass index (OR 1.11, 95%CI: 1.04,1.17, p<0.0001). Conclusions. According to our study, vaccination adherence at our center is significantly different from the nationwide proportion of vaccines.

Objective. To carry out a cost-effectiveness analysis of pulse oximetry as a newborn screening test for critical congenital heart defects (CCHD) in Mexico. Materials and meth­ods. Economic evaluation study was conducted from the perspective of the health care provider. A decision tree model was used to compare between physical examination alone and pulse oximetry screening (POS) as an additional test to physical examination. Results. For every 10 000 newborns, the alternative with POS detected an additional 32 cases of CCHD, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of USD 1 219, and at a willingness-to-pay threshold of USD 25 000 for each early detection, the probability of cost-effectiveness is more than 90%. Conclusion. The cost-effectiveness of POS, as a newborn screening for CCHD, is higher in Mexico than in high-income countries, and represents a cost-effective invest­ment to gain years of life in the child population of Mexico.

This essay discusses the need for schools of public health to convene to implement the practice of public health teaching and research by training health leaders, generating knowledge, and providing health and social services that contribute to the well-being of the community. Since their inception, the academic, research and service programs of some schools have been designed to serve as partners and allies of governments and the health sector in general. Part of their role has been to identify health risks to communities, design strategies to address major problems affecting health, create databases for assessment and intervention in conditions affecting the health of communities, as well as advise government authorities and other social sectors in health education efforts and preventive approaches. These programs have also been an essential part of the design, evaluation and implementation of organizational models of health services and institutional and community clinical care, in addition to integrate public health and health services in the development of unique models at the national level. Likewise, these have extended the scope of actions and services to other state agencies, companies and private healthsector organizations, which benefit directly from the experience of the schools of public health. The academic, research and service programs have also strengthened the professional competencies of graduates of the academic programs, who occupy essential decision-making positions.

Objective. Evaluate spatially and temporally simultaneous presence of clusters of dengue and Zika clinical cases and their relationship with expected dengue transmission risk. Materials and methods. A classification of dengue risk transmission was carried out for whole country, and spatial autocorrelation analyses to identify clusters of confirmed clinical cases of dengue and Zika from 2015 to 2018 was conducted using Moran’s Index statistics. Results. Clusters of both diseases were identified in dengue-high risk munici­palities at the beginning of the outbreak, but, at the end of the outbreak, Zika clusters occurred in dengue low-risk mu­nicipalities. Conclusion. This study identified Zika clusters in low-risk dengue areas suggesting participation of several factors that favor virus introduction and dissemination, such as differences in entomological and control interventions, and the possibility of cross-immunity in the population.

The global health promotion movement has been institutionalized for 35 years (1986-2001) since the First International Conference on Health Promotion in Ottawa, Canada. This essay establishes how the health promotion perspective has reshaped the nature, scope and perspectives of health, highlighting the urgency of approaching health from a more political and social vision. Health promotion should now deserve greater recognition by governmental, institutional, private and community authorities. Governments must politically reposition it as a proposal for social and human development. In tandem, higher education institutions should continue to exercise academic-professional leadership to promote training, research and social community linkages in the field of health promotion. Enhancing sustained effortsof regional health promotion networks and maintaining a healthy environments approach are the pillars to promoting participation along with political, social and community mobilization for health, equity and sustainable development.

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 Objective. To analyze the association of the concentration of atmospheric pollutants in the epidemiological indicators of Covid-19 in the Metropolitan Zone of the Valley of Mexico (ZMVM). Materials and methods. An ecological epide­miological study was designed. Poisson-type linear models were used for counting variables and random effects linear models in continuous variables, to quantify the association between atmospheric pollutants and Covid-19 indicators. The data were obtained in the period from February 28, 2020 to June 30, 2021. The pollutants exposure was stratified by weather seasons. Results. The pollutants that had a signi­ficant association with indicators of morbidity and mortality were CO, NOX, O3 and PM10. In the cold-dry season, CO and NOX influenced daily confirmed cases and daily deaths. PM10 had effect on the indicators of daily confirmed cases, daily incidence, percentage of inpatients, mortality rate and fatality rate. Conclusions. The results suggest an associa­tion between the epidemiological behavior of Covid-19 and exposure to CO, NOX, O3 and PM10, finding a greater effect in the cold-dry season in the ZMVM.