Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In recent years, the mass arrival of foreign population of school age in Catalonia has increased cultural diversity in the classroom. In this context, friends are an important support that contributes to better integration. The aim of this study was to describe and compare inter-ethnic and co-ethnic friendship relations in terms of their friendship quality, conflict, and problem solving strategies. The sample is drawn from secondary school students in schools with significant presence of immigrants. Ninety students in 45 friendship dyads participated in a semi-structured interview. In total, the sample includes 20 dyads of co-ethnic friendships and 25 dyads of inter-ethnic friendships.Results show that for co-ethnic dyads the most important friendship valuesare trust and companionship. Among inter-ethnic friendships it is trust andsupport. In co-ethnic dyads conflict occurs due to disagreements that resultin anger or sadness. Inter-ethnic dyads are similar in their reports of conflict, but they also emphasize lack of loyalty as a reason of conflict. Both types of dyads use similar strategies for conflict resolution: to talk about what happened, which brings them a sense of relief and comfort, which in turn increases ease and wellbeing. These results unveil the need to promote spaces for integration that can generate dyadic friendship relations in educational contexts of cultural diversity.

The purpose of this paper try to answer the question: what is the best part of the inclusion of a postcolonial African gender approach for improving female development and education for more equal and just societies? The main objective of this paper is the connection between the benefits provided by the gender perspective and a specific way to educate. Therefore, we’ll try to connect the benefits of a gender and postcolonial approach, based on African studies, with the education for a social and equal development for girls and boys.The research method followed for achieving these goals is based on the study of qualitative principles, documentary analysis, research reports and reflective practices for action; the postcolonial and gender approach is based on African research which attempts to transform the educational activity and the equality in development. The main results and conclusions of the paper establish that education is the center of the discussions about the need for an equitable society with social justice. Regarding that, we need different social approaches from dominant thinking. Among the contributions of these new social paradigms, we find the contributions that African and postcolonial feminism make to citizenship.This approach puts emphasis on topics such as gender, development, empowerment and education. These different topics will define a particular way to know, to be and to act in favor of a social justice.

In this paper we take as a reference the reality of an important andgrowing amount of normative flexible pedagogical discourses and practicesin the western world during the first two decades of the twenty first century.Understanding this novelty as an emergent pedagogical paradigm linked to the liquid metaphor (Bauman), we highlight the way in which new educative processes, specifically designed to change their shape and content depending on the circumstances, are arising. We aim to survey the origins of the currently liquid pedagogical paradigm and to display why this paradigm maintains a correlation of continuity with early theories, such as the deschooling theories developed in the 1960’s and 1970’s. The methodology selected to conduct this research is the post-social historiography (Joyce, Cabrera). This trend in historiography, using the concept of social imaginary (Taylor), allows us to study the emerging discursive realities that explain the changes within the ideas, beliefsand actions of the historical actors. The conclusion of this study underlines that liquid and deschooling pedagogical discourses respond to the emergence of a previous discursive event that is a condition of possibility for both.

We are currently in a situation of significant changes, both in regard to theUniversity level, with the establishment of the European Area of Higher Education, leading teachers to reconsider methodologies of a conventional character, and in regard to non-university educational levels, where the progressive provision of digital classrooms is gradually creating a culture change in educational institutions and its protagonists: teachers and students. Web 2.0 tools are being used in the context of methodological approaches with a clear collaborative nuance. All of this generating that these methodologies of collaborative learning through ICT’s, regardless of the educational level, have a strong presence in processes of educational innovation. The article presents the notion that a non-University. Faculty has in relation to the collaborative learning methodology, focusing on assessment and expectations for the development of the curriculum.We also discuss knowledge possessing tools and collaborative work withICT applications. These concepts and knowledge have been collected through an online questionnaire, allowing us to discover how current expectations of ICT to promote this type of learning are high, even though teachers have insufficient training for these perceptions to become real changes in daily center and classroom practices.

El interés de los investigadores por el aprendizaje que tiene lugar en el contexto universitario, así como su evaluación, ha sido creciente en los últimos años. Un gran volumen de investigación se ha dirigido a desengranar el proceso de aprendizaje en la universidad, estudiando el papel que las estrategias de aprendizaje tienen reservado en este proceso y cómo estudiarlas de manera objetiva y fiable. El objetivo de este estudio es validar el Cuestionario de Evaluación de las Estrategias de Aprendizaje de los Estudiantes Universitarios (CEVEAPEU) en una muestra de 238 estudiantes universitarios peruanos. Los resultados evalúan la validez factorial, la fiabilidad y las evidencias de validez del cuestionario. Para evaluar la validez factorial de las escalas de Estrategias afectivas, de apoyo y control y de Estrategias relacionadas con el procesamientode la información escalas, se realizaron análisis factoriales confirmatorios.Se probaron las estructuras de 15 los 10 factores propuestos originalmente por los autores, mostrando índices de ajuste adecuados para ambas escalas. El alfa para la primera escala fue de .879 y de .886 para la segunda. En cuanto a la validez criterial, el rendimiento académico correlacionó positivamente con las estrategias de Autoeficacia y expectativas, Control del contexto, Control/Autorregulación, Concepción de la inteligencia como modificable, Organización de la información, Personalización y creatividad, Elaboración de la información, Almacenamiento, memorización, uso de mnemotécnicas, Selección de la información, Transferencia, uso de la información, Almacenamiento, simple repetición, y Manejo de recursos para utilizar eficazmente la información.La presente validación ofrece resultados satisfactorios (equivalentes a los del contexto español) de consistencia interna, validez factorial y criterial en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios peruanos, contribuyendo a la literatura existente en dos sentidos: con una primera validación del CEVEAPEU mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio y, además, extendiendo el conocimiento sobre el comportamiento de esta medida transculturalmente en Perú.

This article introduces the result of the analysis carried out from Artisticand Visual Education textbooks in Obligatory Secondary Education. Theaim of the analysis was to establish if they are appropriate to carry out thecompetences and the contents issued by the curriculum in Basque Country.The sample of the analysis were 1904 images, all of them belonging to the five more used textbooks for secondary education and all of them corresponding to the three main different publishers.The results of this research show, firstly a higher presence —and differenttreatment— of the named ‘canonical Art’ images, to the detriments of those images belonging to Media Culture. Secondly, a scant presence of gender diversity in those artistic examples that establish a clear inequality in authorship.Lastly, a paltry reflection of student’s cultures and environments thatdoes not help to overcome the existing gap between school cultures and student’s cultures.Thus, we can conclude that images from the textbooks show scarcitiesreferring to official stipulations and they partially reflect curriculum recommendations. Definitively, referring to the visual models and imaginary that textbooks provide to students, we can conclude that a change is needed and that this change should be the result from the common work done by publishers, official administration and educational agencies.

The objectives of this study were to discover were the ordinary measures,their implementation level and the educational response to the needs ofstudents with ADHD in the region of Murcia and the performance of thesestudents when treated in a specialized manner, implementing said ordinary measures established in Decree 359/2009, dated October 30th 2009, which established the educational response to student diversity in the Autonomous Community of the Region of Murcia. To obtain the data, which is part of much wider research, a data survey was sent by post to all centers in the region of Murcia where there are students diagnosed or in the diagnosis process for mental health issues. Each center which in its census had students with ADHD was sent the student data and passwords for the University of Murcia website, which contained the «surveys» tool. The sample was 207 teachers responding to the request made in the mail voluntarily and tutors of students in nursery and primary schools. They were enrolled in public or private schools in the region of Murcia. Of these, 14 were enrolled in Nursery Education and 197 students attended Primary Education. Ordinary measures developed further are: «regular support groups» in 61.4% of cases, «curricular reinforcement and support,» in 55.6% of diagnosed students and 32.9% of the time, «graduation of materials and activities» and «inclusion of ICTs» was carried out.

Spanish universities are incorporating cooperative learning into the capabilities to be achieved by their students. It therefore becomes necessary to take a detailed look at what is meant by cooperative learning, as well as its antecedents and its outcomes. The main aim of this work is to study the relationships between cooperative learning and two of its outcomes, namely student perception of learning (or the subjective learning outcome) and student academic achievement (or the objective learning outcome). In order to achieve our aim, first the concept of cooperative learning is operationalised in four dimensions: interactivity with peers, interactivity with the teacher, commitment and active learning. Second, the concept of subjective learning is operationalised on the basis of student perceptions of the achievements they have attained after carrying out a cooperative learning activity: Team-Games-Tournaments. Finally, an analysis is performed to see how subjective learning mediates in the relationship between cooperative learning and objective outcome. The framework of analysis consists in an activity carried out on a sample of 319 cases, within a subject called Foundations of Marketing, which is taught as part of the degrees in Economics, Business Administration, and Finance and Accounting at a public university in Spain. The methodology applied involves the use of structural equation models. This research makes three main contributions to the literature. Firstly, it measures the multivariableconcept of cooperative learning. Secondly, it manages to nest two databases, one with data concerning the student perceptions and the other with objective data about academic achievement, which has in turn enabled us, thirdly, to find evidence of the direct positive influence of cooperative learning on the student subjective learning outcome and the indirect influence on the objective outcome or achievement attained by the student.

In the present study, we analyze the teaching staff perception of Adult Continuing Education in Andalusia (Spain) in relation to the degree of entrepreneurial skills present in their students. To give an answer the objective proposed, we assume a descriptive research design, where the collection approach and analysis of data have been defined as mixed, which include qualitative (interviews) and quantitative (questionnaire) techniques. For questionnaire validation the expert judgment technique was used, as they were selected by the «expert competence coefficient» or «K coefficient» procedure. The reliability analysis of the questionnaire through the Cronbach test was 0.957. The questionnaire was answered by 549 teachers from Continuing Education Centres in Andalusia and there were 23 in-depth interviews with key informants (centre directors and section coordinators). The results clearly show the perception, both of teachers and of those who exercise leadership, that the students of these schools are not sufficiently prepared to start their own business project, in spite of studying subjects of an enterprising culture. They consider that have not yet acquired the entrepreneurial skills necessary to create andmanage an efficient business project, with lack of creativity constituting one of the biggest obstacles to that end. Also, the study shows the low incidence of programs of an entrepreneurial culture developed in these centres.

Researchers’ interest in the learning process at university context, and inits evaluation, has increased in recent years. Great deals of papers have studied this process and the role that learning strategies play in it and how to measure them in an objective and reliable way. Following this trend, the aim of this study is to validate the Cuestionario de Evaluación de las Estrategias de Aprendizaje de los Estudiantes Universitarios (CEVEAPEU) in a sample of 238 Peruvian university students. Results examined factorial validity, reliability and validity evidence of the questionnaire. In order to test factorial validity of the affective, support and control strategies and information process strategies scales, two confirmatory factor analyses were estimated. Structures of 15 and 10 factors, originally proposed by the authors, were tested. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.879 for the first scale and 0.886 for the second one. As regards criteria validity, academic achievement was positively correlated with strategies of self-efficacy and expectations, context control, control/selfregulation, conception of intelligence as something changeable, information organization, personalization and creativity, information elaboration, storage,memorization, use of mnemonics, information selection, transfer, use of information, storage, simple repetition and management of resources to effectively use information. Current validation offers satisfactory results (equivalent to those of the Spanish context) of internal consistency, factorial and criteria validity in a sample of Peruvian university students, extending the existing literature in two ways: providing a first validation of the CEVEAPEU using confirmatory factorial analysis; and exploring the use of the questionnaire in a transcultural approach in Peru.