Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The life and works of French botanist Claude (Claudio) Gay (1800–1873) are presented, with special consideration to Orchidaceae. This work aims to bring to light the life of a brilliant scientist who dedicated his professional life to the study of Chile’s natural history and his seldom-mentioned monumental work that contains the first complete orchid flora of Chile. The most important modern and contemporary bibliographical sources have been consulted, as well as Gay’s original publications. Claude (Claudio) arrived in Chile in 1828 and lived in the country until 1842, engaged by the Chilean government to conduct a scientific survey of the country. He traveled across the country collecting objects of natural history which became the foundation stone of the Cabinet of Natural History, the precursor of Chile’s National Museum of Natural History. Gay returned to France in 1842 and, commissioned by the Chilean Minister of the Interior, published his Historia física y política de Chile, a monumental work in 30 volumes that were published between 1844 and 1871. Eight volumes, published in Paris between 1845 and 1852, containing 3767 species of plants, were dedicated to botany. Following the incomplete works of Juan Ignacio Molina’s Saggio sulla Storia Naturale del Chili (1782) and Ruiz and Pavon’s Flora Peruvianae et Chilensis (1789–1803) it was the first attempt to produce a complete flora of Chile. A total of 49 species of Orchidaceae were described and partly illustrated, a remarkable achievement if we consider that by the turn of the 21st century, a total of orchids was only 52 had been reported for Chile. Claudio Gay is considered the first recorder of the country’s history and the founder of modern natural science in republican Chile.

A new species, Andinia peruviana, from Amazonas department, Peru, is described and illustrated. Updated phylogenetic analyses of nuclear internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) sequences in this study re-affirm the monophyletic nature of Andinia sensu lato and further support the previously proposed circumscription which incorporated genera Lueranthos, Masdevalliantha, Neooreophilus, and Xenosia. Andinia subgenus Aenigma was strongly supported in all analyses. The new species was determined phylogenetically to belong to subgenus Aenigma, along with A. barbata, A. dalstroemii, A. hirtzii, A. pogonion, A. schizopogon and A. uchucayensis. The phylogenetically-confirmed representatives of subgenus Aenigma are illustrated with drawings and photographs, and their geographic distribution is discussed. The updated phylogenetic analyses also show the corrected phylogenetic positions of A. vestigipetala, as the sole representative of the clade corresponding to subgenus Minuscula, and A. trimytera, as a member of the clade corresponding to subgenus Andinia.

How functional organ traits vary with increasing plant size reveals the strategies of plants to acquire, store and utilize resources that ensure vegetative growth and reproduction. Plant size can influence fitness; thus, the relationships of organ traits should be evaluated together with reproductive allocation, but this is rarely the case. The relationship among plant size, functional organ traits (number and size of roots, leaves and flowers, and scape size), and dry mass partitioning was analyzed intraspecifically using 35 reproductive individuals of the epiphytic orchid Lankesterella ceracifolia. The relationships between vegetative and reproductive organ traits were evaluated using different regression models. Size-dependent allocation to reproduction was evaluated through reproductive versus vegetative (RV) regressions for the entire inflorescence and separately for scape and flowers. The four regression models included simple (slope only), linear (slope and intercept), allometric (without intercept), and non-linear (allometric with intercept), were fitted to RV and compared via a log likelihood-ratio test. Preferential allocation to leaves instead of roots influenced how rosette frontal area changed with increasing plant size. Flower dry mass represented 70% of the inflorescence dry mass, an unusual result as scape dry mass generally represents most of the reproductive structure in plants. The allometric model was suitable for the entire inflorescence or only the scape, while the isometric model was best for flowers. Dry mass investment in the scape influenced the final reproductive allometry found for the orchid L. ceracifolia.

Lecanorchis multiflora (Orchidaceae) was recently collected in Mt. Timolan Protected Landscape, province of Zamboanga del Sur, in the Philippine archipelago. This is the first record of the species with a voucher specimen in the Philippines. A description based on our recent collection, colour photographs to aid identification, geographic distribution information, ecology, phenology, and IUCN conservation assessment are provided below.

Oeceoclades maculata (Lindl.) Lindl. (= Eulophia maculata (Lindl.) Rchb.f.) has a broad native range across tropical Africa and Madagascar. Here, we document the spread of O. maculata in the New World, using published records, herbarium specimens, photographs posted online, and our own collections. The earliest known New World record of O. maculata is from Brazil dating to before 1790. Until 1962, O. maculata was known in the New World only from South America. Since then, this species has spread north through Central America into Mexico and across the West Indies to Florida and the Bahamas. It was first found in Florida in 1974, and until 1994 all Florida records of O. maculata were restricted to Miami-Dade County (except one record of greenhouse escapees in Gainesville). Here, we document O. maculata records from the following geographic areas in the New World: 11 South American countries (all except Chile and Uruguay), all 7 Central American countries, Mexico, 22 West Indian island-groups, and Florida. We also document records from 31 counties in peninsular Florida. Oeceoclades maculata has now been recorded in the New World from northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (~28.5°S) and Estancia Santa Teresa, Corrientes, Argentina (28.0°S) in the south, to Gainesville (29.7°N) and Palm Coast, Florida (29.6°N) in the north. A report of O. maculata populations in Gainesville dying out after a hard frost suggests that this species may have reached its northern outdoor limit in peninsular Florida. Although its impact on native species in the New World appears to be minor, there are efforts to eradicate O. maculata in some natural areas.

A new species of Cyrtochilum from the Cordillera Oriental range in the department of Cundinamarca, Colombia, is described, illustrated, and compared with C. suarezii and C. parviflorum. The new species is easily distinguished by its broadly elliptic to sub–rhomboid lip with two short rounded simple calli on the lip, ornamented with short papillae at the base.

The Editor-in-Chief, Managing Editors, Editorial Committee, Editorial Board, and Editorial staff of LANKESTERIANA acknowledge the reviewers listed below for their willing cooperation. It is greatly appreciated that they have generously invested their time and competence in providing valuable comments and advice, for the benefit of the authors, the editorial staff, and the readers of LANKESTERIANA

From contemporary psychoanalysis, the philosophical proposal of Byung Chul Han and reception theory, this article seeks to identify Her, by Spike Jonze, as the contemporary representation of female enjoyment or jouissance. As I argue, this notion organizes two processes of subjectivation carried out by the protagonists in succession: first, the configuration of Samantha, initially, as an object-a, cause of desire, and, later, as a symbol of female enjoyment; and second, the intersubjective recomposition of Theodore as a mourning agent. To this end, in the first section, I support a detailed reading of the society represented in Her as a hyperbolic simile of what Han has called burnout society, while I identify Theodore as a double symbolization of the paradigmatic tired and melancholy Prometheus. In the second section, divided into two, I address the conditions of the first referred subjectivation process in order to propose that Theodore and Samantha’s relationship configure a metaphor of psychoanalytic transference; and that Samantha, as a subjectivity in evolution, must, first, gain a sexualized corporality to, finally, wager on the eradication of finite materiality. Finally, in the third section, I delve into the second process of subjectivation alluded to in order to support how Theodore’s exposure to female jouissance enables his mourning. I conclude, then, that Her not only represents the burnout society, but also a commitment to its eradication based on a return to affections and human intersubjectivity.

Wild Wild Country is a Netflix miniseries that tries to reconstruct the his-tory of the Indian guru Bhagwan Shree Rajnees (Osho), his assistant Ma Anand Sheela, and his Rajneeshpuram community located in Wasco County in Oregon. The work presents a compilation of archival materials that are interspersed with interviews carried out in the present to some of the main protagonists of all the parties involved: Osho followers, US jus-tice officials, and inhabitants of the town of Antelope. To this plurality of versions is added the distance that the responsible filmmakers put to-wards the work (for example omitting the use of voiceover) in order to achieve a result free from external interference. However, despite these facts, the hypothesis that the article tries to prove is that far from generat-ing an objective analysis that investigates the events from different per-spectives, an audiovisual show is estab-lished that elaborates a critical discourse with the religious phenomenon through various film resources: the editing, the animation, the set-list, and the special effects.

Roboethics is a branch of applied ethics interested in the ethical and social challenges of robotics and artificial intelligence. In this essay I use the science-fiction cinema to reflect in this discipline, taking into account the dual function of this genre as “mirror” of the techno-scientific avant-garde and as a “laboratory” for futuristic speculation and social influence. Among the ethical-social issues related to these technologies, I focus my efforts on analysing (1) the risk and associated security measures, (2) the inherent rights and duties, and (3) the relational consequences of the human-machine dyad. In conclusion, it should be noted that the science-fiction cinema has approached without dissimulation (with a different degree of plausibility) all these questions, which seem of the utmost urgency if we consider the bio-psycho-social impact that robotics and cybernetics already have (and will have) in our lives.