Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In this work, 9-Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride (FMOC-Cl) and 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazane (NBD-Cl) were evaluated for glyphosate (Gly) determination by fluorescence and second-order multivariate calibration. Additionally, the analytical performance of the UPLS-RBL and MCR-ALS algorithms was compared based on figures of merit and prediction errors. The best results were obtained using NBD-Cl and UPLS-RBL, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.3-4.4 µg L-1 and a prediction error (REP) of less than 2%. The FMOC-Cl showed similar figures of merit but inadequate fit in the presence of unexpected interferences. The proposed method was applied to analyze fortified well water, lagoon water, river water, and tap water. Because the matrix effect was significant, the analysis was performed with calibration in the matrix, yielding similar figures of merit and prediction errors to those of the validation set. These results evidenced the analytical potential of the proposed method for monitoring glyphosate in the hydrological cycle.   

This article presents a comparative analysis between traditional and electrochemical methods for the multielemental determination of heavy metals in environmental and biological samples. Recent advances in the application of electrochemical techniques—such as voltammetry—are discussed, highlighting improvements in analytical sensitivity, selectivity, and speed. The advantages and limitations of each approach are examined, and future perspectives are provided for the development of more efficient and sustainable electrochemical methods for heavy metal detection.

Megacarpaea polyandra Benth belonging to the Brassicaceae family is a medicinal plant found in alpine meadows and open forests between 3000-4300 meters in E. Asia-Himalayas. Traditionally, the plant has been used to treat various illnesses, including fever, diarrhea, asthma, and gastrointestinal problems. The root is used for relieving stomach aches, pneumonia, and fever. This study aimed to apply gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy analysis (GC-MS) to analyze the phytochemical components present in M. polyandra root. In the current study, this plant has been worked for the first time in terms of chemicals. The ethanolic root extract of the plant derived 207 phytochemicals. Of them, 47 were recorded as highly bioactive, among the recorded bioactive chemicals some compounds, viz furaneol;  catechol; 2H-Imidazole-2-thione, 1,3-dihydro-1-methyl; undecanoic acid; n-Hexadecanoic acid;  heptadecanoic acid; oleic Acid; Pyridine-4-carboxylic acid, 2-amino-3-cyano-5,6-dimethyl-, ethyl;  .beta.-Sitosterol and pilocarpine  have several biological properties. This includes antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, cure nervous system disorders, blood pressure regulators, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory qualities.  The chemicals were identified by interpreting the mass spectra and comparing their peak area and retention time with those in the literature. According to the current study's findings and conclusions, plant roots may be a useful resource for the development of herbal drugs due to the presence of various bioactive molecules responsible for curing the above-mentioned illnesses. The use of plant roots to treat a variety of illnesses with fewer adverse effects is justified by the existence of bioactive chemicals, which also suggests that the plant is of medicinal relevance. However, further research is required to fully understand its toxicity profile and bioactivity and clarify its vast potential for pharmacological application.

This article analyses the role played by the Nicaraguan Anselmo Fletes Bolaños in the process of creating the Academia Nicaragüense de la Lengua, founded in 1928. After describing the post-independence context in which the various Corresponding Academies began to take shape, we focused on the letters that Fletes Bolaños sent to the secretary of the RAE. In addition, we study the press clippings that Fletes Bolaños included with the letters, which help us to understand the opposing judgements that the intellectual makes about the members of the Nicaraguan Academy. Finally, the historiographical documents studied are given value, as they are essential materials for further research into Nicaraguan Spanish from a diachronic perspective. With the above, the aim is to see how Fletes Bolaños' contributions have a relevant impact on the future of the Nicaraguan institution.

Studies on the Latin American chronicle focus on two moments: modernist chronicle and contemporary production. According to Darrigrandi (2013), the latter shows a special concern for including the experiences and testimonies of those who go through situations of vulnerability or have been marked with stereotypes. In this sense, the migratory experience of Ecuadorians has provoked the interest of chroniclers, whose productions articulate the discourses of migrants in a text that does not lose aesthetic concern nor is obliged to hide personal opinion. Within this framework, the objective of this research is to analyze the treatment of testimonial sources in chronicles on Ecuadorian migration. To this end, it considers the concept of enunciative heterogeneity and the discursive strategies with which the testimony of the source subject is referred to in the text. The corpus of this research is made up of 25 chronicles from 2 compilations published between 2013 and 2016: El color de los sueños: historias de migrantes, by Anabel Chimbo Barros (2016) and Permiso de Residencia, crónicas de la migración ecuatoriana a España, by María Fernanda Ampuero (2013). The results show that the chronicles are a polyphonic discourse that uses direct, indirect citation styles to weave a plot capable of recontextualizing, emphasizing or nuancing the discourse of the source subject.

The practice of fertilization is necessary to reincorporate and provide the soil with additional sources of nutrients in forms that can be assimilated by plants. Fertilizers often contain very small amounts of trace metals as impurities. These can be incorporated into the human diet through the ingestion of food contaminated with these elements. The soil samples studied came from agricultural soil in the V region, Chile. The characterization carried out indicated a pH and EC expected for a soil with this use, while low values for CEC and MO % were found. The samples were classified as medium P and extremely N-rich soils, and significant increases in these nutrients were found in the SPT and urea treatments, respectively. The soil was incubated according to three different treatments: with 0.1% of urea, superphosphate (SPT) (5.0 g per pot). After 8 weeks of incubation, wheat seed were planted and harvested after three weeks of growth. Trace metals were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Trace metal concentrations followed the trend: Cu < Cr < Zn < Ni for urea treatment; while: Ni < Cu < Zn < Cr for treatment with SPT. The maximum percentage contributed by fertilization was for Cr (59 %). The concentration of metals in the root, stem and leaf of the crop were found to be below the detection limit, except for Zn and Cu in the root. The bioaccumulation factor for Cu and Zn was less than 1 for all treatments, while the translocation index for Zn was also less than 1. The use of SPT is consistent with a greater contribution of trace metals to the soil compared to urea; consequently, the use of chemical fertilizers could increase the concentration of trace metals in the soil and incorporate them into the vegetables grown in the soil. For this, the use of organic fertilizers such as compost and humus obtained from organic waste raw materials is an increasingly popular alternative in various crops, for which it is necessary to evaluate the trace metal content, as these can accumulate in both the soil and the substrates.  

This article deals with the linguistic analysis of graffiti in public spaces in Cancun, Quintana Roo, Mexico, in order to clarify the role of activist discourses present in graffiti in the dynamics of “reterritorialization” of a specific urban space. The data examined here comes from messages in Cancun’s downtown after the protests of March 8, 2024, and are therefore socially critical discourses at the local, regional, national, and global levels were to be expected. Just after the protest marches, on the walls and floors around Cancún City Hall, a total of 181 graffiti messages were photographed and categorized using the MAXQDA program. The discourse-linguistic analysis based on qualitatively analyzed data of the corpus shows that various activist discourses intertwine as “interdiscourses” that co-create and reterritorialize urban space, and deal especially with violence against women and children in Mexico.

Carrageenans are biomaterials of great interest due to their structural variability and physicochemical properties. This article provides a detailed review of the structural classification of carrageenans and its correlation with physical properties and specific applications, focusing on the various materials that can be obtained from them. Processing and modification methods are discussed to obtain gels, nanoparticles, films, and coatings, which possess unique properties that make them suitable for a wide range of applications. In the biomedical realm, carrageenans excel as scaffolds for tissue engineering, drug delivery systems, and wound healing materials, taking advantage of their biocompatibility and ability to form gels. In agriculture, they are used for the controlled release of fertilizers and pesticides, as well as biostimulants and soil improvers. In the food industry they act as thickening, stabilizing, and gelling agents in a wide range of products, from dairy to meat products, conferring texturising properties and improving stability. In addition, their role in environmental remediation is addressed, where in addition to their uses in agriculture to reduce the impact of different compounds, and water consumption, they are used for the removal of pollutants and water purification, thanks to their ability to form complexes with heavy metals and other pollutants.  This review highlights the potential of carrageenans to inspire future innovations in the design of materials and technologies, underlining the importance of exploring and fully exploiting their potential and that of their derivatives to address current and future challenges in various sectors.    

The broadcasts of certain sports disciplines tend to use an explanatory discourse in order for the television audience to understand such sports event and also learn about the most important technical issues of the discipline in question. Thus, the main purpose of this research is to identify and characterize the most outstanding lexical-syntactic resources used by ice skating journalists in order to offer explanations to the television audience in their respective audiovisual broadcasts. In order to achieve the above, we examined a corpus of three Spanish-language figure skating broadcasts, which we transcribed in their completeness. Next, we detected the passages with a clear explanatory function. Subsequently, was determined the most recurrent lexical and syntactic resources used by those responsible for the broadcasts to achieve these goals. Finally, was described the aforementioned resources. Among the lexical resources, the journalists use terms that allude to jumps: lutz, axel, toe loop, etc., as well as the words lift(s), throw(s), sequence(s), among others. Regarding the syntactic resources, we find allusions to the second person plural, injunctive constructions, in particular sentences in imperative and verbal periphrasis of obligation.

This article proposes the analysis of one of the possibilities of red referred to menstrual blood resemantized as “life blood”, in the poetry book O reguero de hormigas by Yolanda Segura, its link with the period of violence emerging in Mexico since 2006 and the consideration that the strategy of multiform textuality used, that aims to dismantle in the text a conventional way of thinking about what isassociated with the color red.