ISSN: 2310-2799
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546,196 artículos
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2448-7228, 1870-3550
Cordero Marines, Liliana
Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Méxic
Resumen
The British Columbia Assembly of Firts Nations is a political organization representative of the First Nations that currently inhabit British Columbia. Through a qualitative methodology, based on content analysis, the assembly's website was examined in order to understand how governance is conceived as a central strategy. It is concluded that it consists of a collective and horizontal exercise of establishing rules and agreements - consistent with indigenous legal and cultural traditions - and is used as the privileged mechanism for achieving self-determination, building or rebuilding self-governments and transcending the Indian Act.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2448-7228, 1870-3550
Torre Cantalapiedra, Eduardo
Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Méxic
Resumen
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar algunas de las aportaciones de mayor relevancia en el campo de estudio de las caravanas de migrantes. Para el logro de este objetivo, primero a modo de contextualización se hace un repaso histórico de las diferentes caravanas de migrantes. Segundo, se analizan cuatro discusiones clave para entender este fenómeno: 1) las caravanas como forma de movilidad, 2) como movimiento social, 3) la politización de estas marchas por parte de actores gubernamentales y 4) la visibilidad mediática de las caravanas y su presencia en redes sociales. Asimismo, se destaca cómo estos ejes pueden robustecerse con el estudio de las nuevas caravanas de migrantes y el análisis comparativo de las marchas.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2448-7228, 1870-3550
Covarrubias V., Alex; Dufour-Poirier, Mélanie
Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Méxic
Resumen
In North America there is a new regulatory framework aimed at rethinking the terms of trade between Canada, Mexico and the United States, and affecting their labor relations. This study is aimed at evaluating the conditions under which the transition to a new labor model is taking place in Mexico, based on previous experience and six U.S. trade agreements with 11 Latin American and Caribbean countries. The evidence gathered shows that the changes produced so far are limited and focused on strategic transnational industries such as the automotive industry. It is therefore argued that a transformation of labor relations will only occur if and only if the legislative changes are supported and processed by the different stakeholders involved -i.e., a bottom-up orchestration that can be extended and supported by civil society.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2448-7228, 1870-3550
Cárdenas Alaminos, Nuty
Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Méxic
Resumen
This article analyzes how one of the most important changes in the Donald Trump administration was the restriction of family-based entry in all dimensions of immigration policy: permanent, temporary, undocumented and humanitarian. Based on the Fitzgerald and Cook-Martin (2014) model, the targeting of the migrant population was carried out through the implementation of various executive orders and administrative changes. Specifically, the costs (economic and humanitarian) for migrants and their families were raised in order to discourage them from continuing with their migratory project (arrival, stay and/or for the eventual reunification of more family members) as the case may be. The aforementioned in order to fulfill one of the ideals of this administration, which was to stop the growth of the non-white population in the United States. The application of this policy had a particularly negative impact on Mexicans and Central Americans.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2448-7228, 1870-3550
Jacobo Suárez, Mónica Liliana
Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Méxic
Resumen
Return migration in Mexico has undergone important changes during the 21st century. After the increase observed in the first decade of the century, the return population has been declining. In addition, children and youth have emerged as an increasingly important subgroup within this population. This article critically discusses 1) the research documenting the characteristics, needs and re-integration experience of returnee children and youth and, 2) the policies and actions designed by the federal government to address the needs of this population. The article seeks to contribute to the discussion of the phenomenon of the return of children and youth of Mexican origin by outlining priority areas on which we still have important research questions, in addition to pointing out the most urgent gaps to be covered by public policy in favor of returning migrant children and youth.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2448-7228, 1870-3550
Fragoso Pasalagua, Mónica Jazmín; Talledos Sánchez, Edgar
Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Méxic
Resumen
The paper discusses how water and land for industry were concentrated in this territory, based on various expropriations of land from ejidos and the granting of concessions and sale of water by the state and federal government since the 1970s, especially with the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994. It first examines how the automotive industry was installed in Mexico and the Bajio center. Second, the case of the industrial corridor of San Luis Potosí, the use and concentration of water and land for the automotive industry, is analyzed. It is concluded that transnational automotive corporations have concentrated water and land to make their goods, under the direct support of the Mexican State, which favored the use of industrial water over domestic water for the population of the city of San Luis Potosí.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2448-7228, 1870-3550
Sánchez-Montijano, Elena
Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Méxic
Resumen
Mexico has been characterized by high levels of emigrant, transit and return populations; today we must add to these phenomena the migration that remains and settles in the country. Despite the increasing importance of migrant arrivals to the country, the integration of these people is barely being studied, let alone effectively managed. This article seeks to explore the integration model implemented in Mexico according to the migration policy that has been developed at the federal level and the reasons for this choice. To carry out this analysis I have worked with qualitative data: in-depth interviews and documentary analysis. The text concludes that two models of integration coexist: the one generated by the norm, predominantly inclusive and multicultural; and the one that is applied, of an assimilationist type and that differentiates certain migrants from nationals, as a response to the social, political and economic interests of the state.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2448-7228, 1870-3550
Durand, Jorge
Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Méxic
Resumen
México y Centroamérica son la principal fuente de mano de obra foránea, permanente y temporal, para Estados Unidos y Canadá, y conforman el sistema migratorio Mesoamericano con características muy similares. No obstante, sus procesos históricos son muy diferentes. En México fue la vecindad, el reclutamiento y la articulación de oferta y demanda de mano de obra el principal motor de la migración que tuvo su origen a fines del siglo XIX. En lo que concierne a Centro América el detonador fue la violencia desatada en las últimas tres décadas del siglo XX, en sus diferentes modalidades: política, armada, social y sistémica, que conformaron diversos tipos de migrantes: exiliados, refugiados, migrantes económicos, forzados y desarraigados. Este artículo analiza principales causas contemporáneas de la migración en el sistema migratorio mesoamericano, que actualmente son las llamadas causas estructurales, pero rebautizadas como violencia sistémica, pobreza neoliberal e impunidad institucional.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2448-7228, 1870-3550
Schiavon, Jorge A.
Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Méxic
Resumen
This article answers the question: how should we study the migratory phenomenon in the Meso-North American system? To answer this question, the article proposes five strategies that allow the analysis and understanding of migration in an integral way, which are: 1) disaggregate the analysis in its five international components (emigration, immigration, migration in transit, return migration, and refuge); 2) examine it regionally as a migratory system; 3) study it in a multi-causal way, organizing the variables in two categories (“push” y “pull”), and then, disaggregating the causal variables in types (political, economic, security, environment, social, among others); 4) analyze it rationally as a phenomenon and not a problem; and, 5) evaluate whether the “5-Cs” of good migration policies are followed (coherence, consistence, co-responsibility, coordination, and cooperation).
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2448-7228, 1870-3550
Sánchez González, Karen Estefania
Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Méxic
Resumen
This paper examines the factors of stage of establishment, region of destination, country of origin and union as determinants of the annual integrated wage of unionized workers through the analysis of the collective bargaining agreements of the year 2019 for 20 automotive assembly companies. Kruskal Wallis analysis and Dunn-Bonferroni tests are used to determine whether wage differences existed. The findings show that from the third stage of establishment wages decreased. The central and northern regions displayed high wages, but western and central-northern regions displayed low wages. In the case of companies of European origin, they displayed high wages, while Asian companies displayed low wages; in unions of FESEBS higher wages and FNSI low wages.
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