Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Among the current proposals to avoid sexism and binarism in language, we focus on the morpheme -e (chiques). Within the framework of the Dialogic approach to argumentation and polyphony and, following the line of research presented in previous papers, enunciations with this morpheme are analyzed as dialogic responses to discourse frames related to the norm (academic and social) and, consequently, as the materialization of different enunciative positions in relation to them.  As diverse instances of heterogeneity, the occurrences of the morpheme -e confirm the symbolic and social value of language and account for a position taken in the polemical arena about the use of inclusive language. The analysis focuses on written and oral interventions stemming from different discursive genres (journalistic, political, advertising, legal and academic) and produced in recent years in Argentina.   

This article analyses how four Brazilian literary texts, published between 1977 and 2017, respond to the effects of political violence and repression during the dictatorship. In this sense, it considers particularly how the exile experience in Paris, the trauma and the problem of identity and alterity are presented in Brazilian contemporary fiction, namely in the short story "Paris não é uma festa" (1977), by Caio Fernando Abreu and in the novels Tropical sol da liberdade (1988), by Ana Maria Machado, Rio-Paris-Rio (2016), by Luciana Hidalgo and A noite da espera (2017), by Milton Hatoum. The aim of the article is to contribute to a better understanding of the complexity and diversity of the politics and poetics of migrant narratives and Brazilian literary treatment of the dictatorship.

El objetivo del presente artí­culo es analizar los tipos de actos de habla utilizados en la red social Facebook, con la finalidad de contrastar los datos obtenidos en un corpus de perfiles privados y en un corpus de perfiles públicos. Para ello, se analiza desde la perspectiva cuantitativa y cualitativa un corpus compuesto por 1341 comentarios. Como principales conclusiones destacan: (1) el mayor empleo de actos de habla asertivos, directivos y expresivos; en el corpus I está compensado el uso de estos tres actos de habla, frente al corpus II donde hay mayor frecuencia de los actos asertivos; (2) la baja utilización de actos comisivos; (3) la inexistencia de actos declarativos.  

Following Jacques Derrida's "apocalyptic tone" concept, the aim is to analyze the eschatological production of the Popular Lira towards the end of the 19th century in Chile, around ideas such as the advent of the Antichrist, the Last Judgment and the Apocalypse. In the collective fabric of voices and the use of an apocalyptic tone, various ends are identified. Among these, the commercial sale based on sensationalism, denouncing the imminence of a historical end, the dismantling of society as it is known, and the advent of modernity as a final judgment.

Reported speech is a linguistic operation that is realized through the reproduction of utterances belonging to one or several voices, which are recalled and reconstructed in a new speech context. The aim of this work is to critically contrast some notions related to reported speech contained in a set of dictionaries of Linguistics published in a period of 40 years from 1968 to 2008. The search was primarily driven by seven lexical units, namely, citar (to quote), cita (quotation), directo (direct), indirecto (indirect), discurso (discourse), estilo (style), and referir (to refer). Our findings show some discrepancies among the dictionaries regarding the quoted content (word quotations vs. thought quotations), word attribution (one's own speech vs. someone else's) and the supposed literalness that is to always accompany direct speech. This work not only describes in detail terms related to reported speech in almost 20 specialized dictionaries, but it also recommends adopting alternative conceptualizations of reported speech that could be consider for future lexicographic work on this area. 

Press plays a major role in the construction of public opinion. In 2018, Chilean national public debate was centered on the breakthrough of the feminist movement, with occupation of universities and massive marches as landmarks of the movement across that year. This topic is of great interest for analyzing how the press has contributed to the construction of public opinion. Four national newspapers –El Mercurio, Las íšltimas Noticias, La Tercera y La Cuarta--are the leading journals in Chile. This study aimed at characterizing the opinion flow around the 2018 feminist movement in the aforementioned newspapers. For that purpose, the voices that expressed –whether directly or indirectly-- a point of view towards the feminist movement were described; then, the problematizing subtopics related to these viewpoints were identified. The corpus consisted of all publications on the topic that were published on the four newspapers around the two landmark events of the feminist movement in 2018: the march of the 16th May, the first to draw media attention that year; and the march of July the 25th, that marks the decline of the media coverage of the movement. In total, 86 texts were analyzed. Results showed a difference between serious papers and tabloids, the representativeness of specific voices in the debate and a change in the frequency of problematizing topics between the beginning and the end of the period.

The epistemic modality is a discursive-semantic category that expresses degrees of certainty in texts. In this way, degrees may vary in a certain discursive genre, depending upon discipline communities. This paper describes the lexical linguistic structures that show the epistemic modality in a corpus of Undergraduate Graduation Projects (TFG, by its Spanish acronym) written in Spanish in different disciplinary fields. The methodology used in this research follows a non-experimental, cross sectional design, and presents an exploratory-descriptive scope. The design of the research follows a qualitative methodological strategy based on a corpus. This research focuses on the lexical level. It has an empirical nature, a pure objective and applied implication. Data show significant predominance of non-assertive epistemic modality markers (80%) compared to assertive epistemic modality markers (20%). Both marker types statistically predominate in accomplishing the communicative purposes of "showing previous research and important conceptual background (MM2)" and "accounting for the results and their interpretation in the context of the investigation (MM4)". However, they have important disciplinary distinctions of specific rhetoric patterns displayed in each macro-move of TFG. Findings make possible to understand the way each discipline differently constructs its positioning in the academic discourse of students. Additionally, these findings demonstrate the configuration of various rhetoric strategies of mitigation and reinforcement, and the way they vary in different disciplines.

The linguistic varieties in the teaching of Spanish as a foreign language (SFL) deserve special attention, above all, in areas bordering Spanish speaking countries. The present study is a proposal on how to tackle language varieties as a tool to access the sociocultural elements present in the different Spanish speaking communities, thus helping to develop students' intercultural competence. In this line of work, a case study regarding the linguistic varieties in the SFL teaching in the Brazilian-Bolivian border was carried out. In this border area, the assimetric position of the different languages (Spanish, Portuguese, portuñol and native american languages) is a direct consequence of the unequal relations between individuals belonging to different ethnic groups or nationalities. The information gathered  working with the SFL teachers from the region employing questionnaires and reflexive sessions, drew us to the following conclusions: i) the Spanish language pluricentric norm, is not effectiveley present, yet,  in the teaching of SFL in the analysed region;  ii) the predominant variety both in teachers training and didactic resources, is Spanish; and iii) it has been observed that there is a tendency to hide language varieties from Bolivia. It is necessary to highlight that the appreciation of the Bolivian variety can be a decisive factor to make historically marginalized groups visible and to harmonize conflicts and prejudices. We also reaffirm that attitudes have special relevance when hiding certain linguistic varieties, as it is the case with the Bolivian variety in the Brazilian border.

This paper explores the discourse of the field of Law through the study of formal oral examinations in Law teaching, known in Spanish as "˜solemnes', and widely used in Chilean universities. The research is underpinned by Systemic functional linguistics (SFL), and it aims to identifying ideational discourse semantic patterns in a group of highly graded oral examinations, through applying the figure system proposed by Hao (2015). This system proposes a clearer theoretical and methodological distinction between experiential discourse semantic and lexico-grammar resources, dealt with in the transitivity system. The analysis shows a clear orientation in discourse towards the construal of figures establishing technical entities and its relations in field. In addition, the analysis enables distinguishing a set of dynamic figures construing "˜ways of reasoning', characteristic of the field at stake. From a methodological point of view, the system of figure appears as a productive analytical tool for researching technical fields in Spanish from a systemic perspective.

La presencia de la neurociencia en el campo educativo está ofreciendo importantes hallazgos respecto al procesamiento y desarrollo de los aprendizajes, pero son escasos los estudios efectuados respecto a su repercusión en el rendimiento escolar. Con el propósito de profundizar en la relevancia que estos postulados presentan en la adquisición de la lectura se efectúa este trabajo que tiene como objetivo analizar mediante un programa de intervención si los hallazgos que ofrece la neurociencia para la facilitación del aprendizaje escolar inciden de manera positiva en el aprendizaje de la lectura. Se empleó un diseño cuasiexperimental de comparación entre grupos con medidas pretest y postest. Participaron 428 alumnos con edades comprendidas entre los 5 y los 6 años. Los resultados ponderan el valor potencial de la instrucción y apoyan el desarrollo de modelos de enseñanza que integren las aportaciones que la neurociencia ofrece al ámbito educativo para favorecer el proceso de adquisición de la lectura.