Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The case of the Research and Projects Institute (IIP) and the Popular Housing Research Center of the University of Buenos Aires (CIVPUBA), which operated during 1973 and 1974, allows us to see an experience of a scientific-technological institution that addresses the problem of popular habitat in a complex, interdisciplinary and innovative way. Two twinned spaces, within the UBA faculty of architecture, where the research space was articulated with public policy, various civil society organizations and the private sector. A proposal that sought to be in tune with the political project of the third Peronism, but that, at the same time, synthesized a process of discussions and practices developed by a generation of architects that was forged in resistance and in generally marginal places since 1955. This experience allows us to see the fruits of a generation that advances in its reflections and builds concrete proposals; allows you to see a science and technology project articulated with a university project and a society project at the service of the problems of the popular sectors. Experiences that, despite being born in a very different conflictive context, today allow us to recover elements that serve to think about new articulation proposals.

The article presents an approach to the work of the architect Richard Neutra analyzing and valuing empathy with the user, as well as the actions carried out during the design process aimed at knowing and satisfying the user’s needs. Although it is common to consciously use empathy techniques in the field of design, it has been done in a more subconscious way in architecture. The exploration of the user has been implicitly integrated and, therefore, diluted in a broader initial investigation, linked to guaranteeing the functionality of the program. The work of Richard Neutra is presented as adequate to carry out this study, due to the constant focus that the architect places on seeking the wellbeing of people through the inhabited spaces that he designs. The research is structured in three different parts: attention to the physiological and psychological dimensions of the person; analysis of the relationship established between the person and nature through his architecture; and presentation of specific examples of techniques applied by the architect to better know the user, their family structure and their needs. The strong orientation towards the user in Neutra’s architecture is confirmed through the cases studied and with the support of specific feedback from some of his clients. He seeks to guarantee their physical and emotional wellbeing through the configuration of spaces, as well as the expansion of being through connection with nature. An architect ahead of his time, who builds a strong empathic bond with his users and applies a series of empathy techniques that will have a long subsequent development within what is now known as Design Thinking.

Latin-American universities have reacted during pandemic times by implementing strategies not only virtual (Bedoya-Dorado, Murillo-Vargas, y González-Campo, 2021), the actions adopted over the road have allowed that the programme of extension continues being performed in other ways and to consider as not a requirement the permanent presential link with the community.The goal of the research is to analyze the strategies developed in community projects of University Extension in Architecture developed in seven Latin-American countries.The inquiry presents a methodology with combined strategies (Groat y Wang, 2013) that includes a literature review of primary and secondary sources, cases of study and interviews.This papers contains cuali-cuantitative data related to modes of working, alternatives of virtual communication in social media and elaborated knowledge of seven community projects selected from online activities developed by Architectural Latin-American universities in Costa Rica, México, Colombia, Ecuador, Chile y Argentina. The study found that the compilation of projects done last year and few years ago are the most used modes of working, also, digital material, Facebook pages and YouTube channels are the alternatives for virtual communication and finally, that digital publications and videos are the elaboration (Cano e Ingold, 2020), production (Salvatierra, 2003), (Cohen, 2014), (Martínez y García, 2019) and construction (Bolaños y Aguilera cited by Martínez y García, 2019) of knowledge.

The hypothesis of this article is to show the influence of the architecture of the Carabuco temple in the transmission of a message of importance for the time, in the syncretic context of the Bolivian Andes. For this, the history of the temple is told with data obtained from inventory books from 1717 to 1768 and lagging documents found in the Archbishop's Archive of La Paz together with the description and architectural analysis of the exterior and interior taking into account the character evangelizer of most of the religious buildings in Charcas. To achieve this goal, a detailed field work was carried out to survey the temple. The conclusions reached show the undoubted influence of architecture on visual communication with an evangelizing announcement, which makes this temple one more example of the design effort to adapt to a different context.

The reconstruction project of the church of Benalúa is analyzed from the documentation kept in the General Archive of the State Administration of the Spanish Government, referring to the General Directorate of Devastated Regions of the Franco regime during the postwar period, completed with the information from from other bibliographical sources and from the model preserved on the church. In the work, the motivations on the choice of the neo-Gothic style in the projection of the work and its extension to other buildings erected by the author are raised. On the other hand, the incompleteness of the temple is also treated with respect to how it had been designed. In the same way, news is given of other religious buildings in the province of Alicante rebuilt by Vidal Ramos under the auspices of the aforementioned organization in the 1940s. The most outstanding conclusions refer to the strong Gothic influence in the Catalan training of the architect and the precarious arrival of state funds for the reconstructions, which forced the modification of the projects and the omission of certain planned elements.

Throughout history, man has sought to perfect systems for creating and representing space ever more accurately. But it was not until the invention of computers and the development of digital systems that a Copernican turning point in design truly took place, a revolution that replaced traditional design processes based on manual drawing. In less than thirty years, a new generation of digital procedures went from representing space (digital design) to being used as a tool to enhance the designers' design capabilities (computational design). Based on these assumptions, the aim of this work is to analyse and classify three emblematic projects from the end of the 20th century, three projects that, although not built, marked a milestone in the history of recent architecture. For their analysis, we will take as a reference the taxonomy elaborated by Inês Caetano, Luís Santos and António Leitão, in their article Computational design in architecture: Defining parametric, generative, and algorithmic design (2020). In this article, the authors identify that contemporary scientific literature related to computational design is associated with three terms: parametric design, algorithmic design, and generative design. For this reason, we will use these terms as central axes for our classification and analysis.

  This work seeks to show how the urban transformation processes that Medellin’s down town has undergone in recent years correspond to the institutional planning on the decisive change that the city has taken by overcoming and “turning the page” of its violent past. With this, a change in the image of Medellín at an international level has been achieved, thanks to the city's systematic marketing efforts: going from being a hyper violent city to being considered a city open to the world, innovative and, especially , attractive for global tourism. Thus, it will be shown how the tours and narratives promoted by local tourist actors have been in charge of constituting and reiterating a narrative about the center, closely linked to said institutional discourse, which tends to homogenize memories, complexities and the diversity of urban life in this sector of the city.

In a market economy, the value of goods is determined by the balance between supply and demand. The professional activity of valuation becomes complicated in small population centers, fundamentally the application of the Market Approach, since its basic principle is the comparison and homologation with other properties with the same or similar characteristics. The objective of this work was to propose an auxiliary tool in the process of valuation of residential properties for localities with little dynamic market through the use of preference factors measured to obtain the Market Value. The case study was Encarnación de Díaz, Jalisco, Mexico; and a descriptive and analytical methodology was used, since the traditional methods of real estate valuation were taken into account (replacement or replacement cost value, rental capitalization, comparison or market), however, the latter method, some modifications are proposed to be able to value properties that do not have comparables and that are in a not very dynamic market, as was the case in this locality. For data collection, 90 interview forms were used according to specialized bibliography consultation, to obtain information on the preference of residential properties by users, the results of the study show that the first place of the preferences was occupied by the variable of "safety in the area" with 37.39%, likewise, the external qualities of the dwellings "safety in the area, availability of services, urban image and proximity to the city center" were more important. It became clear that, in the real estate valuation process under the Market Approach, the critical point is obtaining information when the socio-economic conditions of the place where the property is geographically located are of a low or low real estate market. little dynamic. The proposal for obtaining the preference factor (perception of values) was fulfilled and is operable, as well as the process for obtaining the market value, but strictly adhering to what is suggested in the research carried out.

In tune with the processes of transformation of public space in contemporary cities, where actions linked to urban development, typical of neoliberalism, alter and distort the reality in which we find ourselves, this article addresses the current situation in 2013-2021 of popular supply centers, based on studies that reflect diverse perspectives and experiences of researchers.The main objective of this work is to demonstrate the processes that afflict traditional markets in multiple contexts of the global space and to identify the common aspects that leave evidence od the implementation of set of strategies and solutions used to modify the structure and urban image, and that become convenient models for the commodification of cities as the only answer to urban problems, hiding the sociospatial inequalities, the expansion of poverty, exclusion and the urban violence that these generate.The exploratory type research is based on a historical-comparative procedure, through which several cases located in different places are reviewed, where the processes of urban and architectural intervention have caused notorious effects, mainly in terms of symbolic, commercial and tourist gentrification. In this way, certain scopes of analysis corresponding to the diversity contexts: international, latin american and mexican, in order to clarify the existing situations.In conclusion, the common situations in the analysis of these experiences and how they are shaped from neoliberal ideologies are evidenced. Based on the above, it is intended to reflect and rethink the processes of urban restructuring and reconversion of popular supply centers, particularly those cases in which negative impacts on social welfare occur.Keywords: transformation, popular supply centers, processes, models, traditional markets, scopes, gentrification, strategies, neoliberalism, restructuration.

Accessibility to architectural and urban heritage, understood within the framework of Human Rights, constitutes a field where material interventions are of singular importance to promote the enjoyment of goods by the entire society. In this sense, those affected with cultural functions, particularly heritage buildings that emerged in other social and technological times, usually require specific modifications to achieve universal access. Therefore, it is interesting to reflect on the challenges that this type of legacies present in Mar del Plata. In this dynamic coastal city, the definitions adopted at the intersection of heritage and accessibility exhibit tensions that require analysis. Through a mainly qualitative research, with the contribution of linked primary and secondary sources, this article investigates the interrelationship raised to recognize problems, reflect on their causes and, thus, begin to enable responses to optimize the treatment of accessibility to the local goods with cultural uses. In this way, they hope to illuminate new paths in the Mar del Plata framework and, in parallel, in other cities with similar unresolved conflicts.