Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Purpose: To evaluate the STEAM workshop course for teachers, taught online, as a teacher professional development program for secondary school teachers, which consisted of training teachers in the design of an educational project based on the STEAM approach.Methodological design: Six learning modules and two semi-structured instruments were implemented; the first assesses the modules and the second compiles the knowledge obtained in the course and applied to their teaching practice. Responses were classified according to an adaptation of Kirkpatrick's training evaluation model.Results: Results show a high degree of satisfaction from the participants in the course and commitment to put their learning into their praxis. Teachers stated that after the course, they incorporated the active methodologies of the STEAM model as well as strategies for the development of skills for the 21st century and information technologies into their didactic planning.Research limitations: The results of this research are limited by the circumstance in which the course was taught, remotely, due to the conditions of the health emergency since it was originally intended to be taught on site.Findings: An important finding is to have identified, from participating teachers, expressions of confidence in their learning acquisition and commitment to put it into practice in their classrooms. Additionally, there is a need of examples and practices of curricular content applied to the classroom of the STEAM educational approach for teachers.

Purpose: To identify the statistical relationship between the variables of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in relation to staff satisfaction and retention among the generation of millennial workers through the technique of structural equations. Methodological Design: It is a cross-sectional quantitative study through questionnaires in a population of 385 millennials from the Laja-Bajio region in Mexico. Firstly, the questionnaire was validated through exploratory factor analysis; subsequently, the model was validated through structural equations. In both analyses, the results were satisfactory according to accepted statistical criteria. Results: It was shown that there is a positive causal relationship between individual and collective organizational citizenship behavior, collective organizational citizenship behavior with job satisfaction and, finally, satisfaction with the retention of millennial workers. The relationship between individual organizational citizenship behavior and job satisfaction was not tested. Research limitations: The study is limited only to the study of the relationship between the OCB and the satisfaction and retention of millennial staff. It is necessary to extend the study to other variables   such as organizational justice, personal traits, perceived productivity, etc. In addition, it is necessary to extend it to other regions of the Mexican territory. Findings: Organizational citizenship behavior contributes to the explanation of the phenomenon of retention of millennials at work. This finding reinforces international literature on the contribution of this behavior of workers and its repercussions at work

Purpose: To identify changes in a group of financial inclusion indicators in the States of Mexico by comparing their situation in the year prior to the Covid-19 pandemic to their situation in the first year of this one.    Methodological design: 14 indicators of financial inclusion, reported by the National Banking and Securities Commission by states were considered and their information corresponding to the year prior to the Covid-19 pandemic was compared to that of the first year of this pandemic to determine which changes there were.    Results: From 2019 to 2020, an increase in the value of existing correlations of the following indicators was identified: debit cards, credit cards, point-of-sale terminal transactions and traditional transactional accounts. Tamaulipas and Aguascalientes had significant changes in some financial inclusion indicators.   Research limitations: The data analyzed are only from the National Banking and Securities Commission and correspond to the information provided to it by the entities of the financial system. Other agencies use data obtained through triannual surveys.    Findings: At a national level, among the financial inclusion indicators analyzed, the most affected during the Covid-19 pandemic were those of use, while at a state level, the states with the least financial inclusion have lower levels in access indicators than in those of use. With the methodology used, the changes registered in the financial inclusion indicators analyzed were detected and graphically analyzed.  

Purpose: To review whether the criticisms commonly made of evolutionary psychology, the four fallacies of pop evolutionary psychology, can be applied to the program of cultural evolution.   Methodology: Philosophy’s own method of conceptual analysis and logical consistency of argumentsis followed. Results: The program called cultural evolution, in the version we reviewed, is a program of pop cultural evolution because it shares the same criticisms made to pop evolutionary psychology.  Limitations: Future work should assess whether the criticisms of evolutionary psychology are really correct, and whether these criticisms would affect both pop evolutionary psychology as well as the pop cultural evolution program in the same way.  Main findings: Both pop evolutionary psychology and pop cultural evolution share the following central claims: a) the cognitive, and distinctively human mechanisms that enable the propagation and stability of culture are genetically fixed and inherited; b) the circumstances under which our species evolved provide us with various heuristic ideas for hypothesizing how our minds and bodies function today; and c) the basic components of the mind are evolutionarily ancient.  

Purpose: To identify and analyze environmental con-tent consulted on the Internet by university students, as well as knowledge, learning and attitudes that they manifest in relation to serious games and environmental education. Methodological design: A reflective practice wascarried out with a serious game in environmentaleducation (Save the Earth). Students from bachelor'sdegrees related to the conceptual design, technological development, application and educational evaluation of these digital tools, that are within Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), participated. They experienced a serious game for fourteen days and answered an ad-hoc entry/exit questionnaire with 21 items to identify their opinions and knowledge about the environment and serious games, as well as learnings derived from their experience with this serious game. Focus groups were additionally held with participantsto deepen their views of serious games and their environmental knowledge before and after this reflective practice. Findings: Findings derived from the two stages of thequestionnaire and reflections rescued from the focusgroups are prioritized. It was possible to identify thatthe use of serious games with environmental contentcan increase the environmental interests and learnings of the participants. Limitations: The number of participants decreased between the first and second stages, so adjustments had to be made to consider only the questionnaires of those who participated in both stages. Findings: Serious games are proposed as an additional possibility for environmental education in university students given their high exposure and use of ICT. Environmental learnings were identified, as well as changes in opinions and information searches.

Abstract Purpose: To identify organizational and technological reactions of companies in the Mexican states of Oaxaca and Veracruz with regards to the COVID-19 crisis.  Methodological design: This is a quantitative and cross-sectional study. The information was collected in two phases: May and September, 2020. The survey was answered by 154 companies in the first phase and 178 in the second. The instruments were designed to collect information on the impact the pandemic had on companies’ operation: the measures adopted to survive the crisis, the government "support" they received, and the conditions for a possible return to the "new normal." The sample of 154 and 178 companies has statistical validity with a confidence level of 95% and a margin of error of 7.88% and 6%, in phase 1 and 2, respectively.  Results: At the beginning of the pandemic, only a third of the companies from Veracruz, Boca del Río and Tuxtepec registered major affectations, unlike the border cities of the northern states of Mexico.  Research limitations: Despite the design of an extensive promotion campaign, high rates of rejection could have affected the representativeness of the study.  Findings: The results show that uncertainty resulting from the pandemic has generated new business opportunities for those companies capable of combining the internal adjustment of their costs and the search of new business models with greater use of digital technologies and higher inventory margins. 

Purpose: To analyze the digital business models of micro, small and medium textile enterprises (MSMEs) in Mexico and to identify whether these models have changed in the context of the health contingency. Methodological design: It´s composed of a case study based on digital ethnography is presented, which allowed identifying a range of strategies and models that companies of this type have implemented in Mexico at a general level and in particular with the case study of the company Nube Ciega, the elements associated with digital inclusion are characterized. Results: Various actions and strategies implemented by the case study company that are related to digital skills that allow the digital inclusion of this type of company were identified. Research Limitations: The case study focuses on a microenterprise in the textile industry, so it is not generalizable, but it contributes to the deepening of knowledge about these companies. Findings: They show that the health emergency was a catalyst for some MSMEs to establish digital business models, but at the same time they faced problems associated with the lack of infrastructure and technological skills.

Purpose: To determine the functions and skills required by the human factor as part of its new role in the transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0  Methodological design: A systematic literature review was carried out based on a bibliometric analysis in the Science Direct database to examine the most relevant findings of research that consider the human factor within the transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0. The review was complemented with the design of a framework of Theory, Context, Characteristics and Methodology (TCCM) to determine the functions and skills required in the new role of the human being during the transition.  Results: Based on the methodological design, it was observed that Industry 4.0 generated a new industrial revolution combining advanced manufacturing techniques with new digital technologies to increase productivity, reduce human participation and, consequently, boost competitiveness. However, it was also identified that these new intelligent processes still have limitations and still require human supervision in such a way that these two work forces cannot be considered independent but on the contrary must complement each other.  Research limitations: Thescope of the research was limited to an exploratory and descriptive study.  Findings:  Among the most relevant findings, the functions and skills required by the human factor in this new digital age are highlighted as well as the importance of the industrial sector considering it as a main axis within the process of innovation and sustainable development.  

The intervention proposal sought to promote the development of reading comprehension through a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) in the Spanish language area in the tenth grade students of the Educational institution Alberto Lebrún Múnera in the municipality of Bello. To do this, a diagnosis was made of the students reading comprehension skills and, based on the results, a didactic teaching unit was implemented; finally, the knowledge acquired was evaluated. Using the Participatory Action Research (PAR) methodology, data were obtained from reading comprehension exercises and evaluation. It can be said that the teaching role today must be located in the understanding of new ways of teaching and learning in a digital and globalized world, and that the incorporation of proposals that are attractive to students, such as the use of the Edmodo platform, becomes a high-impact methodological tool for the Spanish language area. With this project, the different reading and thinking levels of reading comprehension were strengthened by means of various tools that stimulated students interest and motivation to learn.

Nos proponemos llevar a cabo una lectura de interpretación, desde la óptica de la filosofía política y la filosofía de la historia, en torno a la tragedia Romeo y Julieta, de Shakespeare. Él escribió entre Maquiavelo y Hobbes, por lo tanto pretendemos hallar en dicha pieza muchas de las ideas que ellos plasmaron en sus obras. Pero, con el propósito de encontrar en Shakespeare ciertas consideraciones respecto de lo que sería un pensamiento sobre la historia, llevaremos a cabo una lectura de su pieza bajo la lógica de la filosofía hegeliana, para demostrar que el dramaturgo anticipó algunos de los puntos clave que luego explotaría Hegel. En definitiva, pretendemos reconocer, en Romeo y Julieta, cierta idea de una filosofía de la historia que nos permita vincularla con la filosofía política moderna, representada por Maquiavelo y Hobbes, y con la filosofía política de Hegel y su dialéctica de la historia.