Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Trastorno de depresión mayor e intento suicida en una paciente pediátrica víctima de abuso sexual

Introduction: adequate nutrition in pregnancy depends not only on a healthy diet, but also on the most effective way of taking vitamins, minerals and other nutrient supplementation. Objective: to describe aspects related to supplementation with folic acid, iron, iodine, calcium, vitamin B12 and omega-3 in pregnancy. Method: a systematic review was conducted between May 2022 and March 2023, concerning supplementation intake of vitamins and minerals in pregnancy. Electronic databases of biomedical scientific literature were reviewed such as: UpToDate, Science Direct, SciELO and PUBMED, LILACS. Searching was on articles published from 2016 to 2022. The key terms for searching in databases were as follow: supplements "Vitamins", "Micronutrients", "Minerals", and "Pregnancy", in English and Spanish. Results: a vitamin, minerals and different nutrients intake requirements has increased in pregnancy. An appropriate diet and the consumption of micronutrients in the form of supplements are the basic support for an adequate health status of the mother and the development the fetus; on the other hand, an adequate nutrition reduces the risk of congenital malformations, obstetric, fetal and perinatal complications. Not all pregnant women need the same amount of supplements, so it is necessary to identify those with a highest risk of presenting deficiency. Conclusions: supplementation of vitamins, minerals and other micronutrients in pregnancy is very important to reduce the risk of obstetric complications and fetal or perinatal anomalies.

Introduction: cardiovascular pathologies are currentely the leading cause of death in the world, of which multivessel disease provides a high number of patients, with a marked annual  mortality rate higher than those with single-vessel disease. Objective: to relate clinical and echocardiographic factors associated with left main coronary artery disease in patients with acute myocardial infarction at the Centro de Cirugía Cardiovascular y Cardiología in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.Method: a prospective, analytical, non-experimental case-control study was conducted (case group 100 patients; control group 300 patients), during the period marked from 2017-2021. It were applied tests of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov method and, the odds ratio (OR) and the Durbin-Watson test were calculated.Results: the prevalence of acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation was found in 326 patients (81.5%) with a value of p≤0.05 (0.048); the presence of complications had a very high statistical significance with p≤0.05 (0.00714) as related value; the parietal motility index ˂1.7 points showed a value of p≤0.05 (0.006) with an OR of 2.063; LI 1.229 and LS 3.463. The equation predicted at a 59.7% the risk of acquiring a multivessel disease in patients with: ejection fraction less than 50% in left ventricular diameter >58 mm, left atrial pressure>25 mmHg, PMAP>15 mmHg and decreased right ventricular systolic function. Conclusions: the presence of complications, the type of acute myocardial infarction, and echocardiographic parameters such as parietal motility index were predictors of multivessel disease present in the acute events.

Letter to the editor where the constitution of the first Multidisciplinary Chair "One Health" in Cuba is communicated, in the Facultad de Ciencias Médicas "General Calixto García", belonging to the Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana, with the premise that the Chairs Honorifics were created to stimulate research and study on topics of interest in promoting actions that bring together scientists, teachers and students in such a noble and profitable activity for human knowledge. 

Introduction: Staphylococcus epidermidis as an opportunistic pathogen and its ability to form biofilm has become an emergency situation. Objective: to identify biofilm-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis as a cause of urethritis in males. Study performed throughout 2019 in the Microbiología Lab of the Centro Provincial de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología Lab in Guantánamo. Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out at the aforementioned lab, envolving a total of 48 male outpatients with a clinical diagnosis of urethritis certified by the family physician, attended in the Microbiology laboratory with their respective urethral discharge culture indication. The variables studied were as follow: coagulase, catalase and oxidase enzyme production test, growth of mannitol salt agar, novobiocin sensitivity, biofilm production and antimicrobial resistance. The sampling results were introduced in a database and processed with the software SPSS version 11.5. Results: biofilm-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis was identified as the cause of urethritis in the 48 male patients involved in the study. This microorganism showed cero or low resistance to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, amikacin, gentamicin, amoxicillin-sulbactam combination, cotrimoxazole and tetracycline. Conclusions: Staphylococcus epidermidis emerges as a common opportunistic pathogen in male patients with a clinical diagnosis of urethritis, with significant resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics not combined with beta-lactamase inhibitors.

Editorial que exhorta a las instituciones de educación médica de la salud a desarrollar estrategias de trabajo en conjunto entre revistas estudiantiles y académicas para contribuir a posicionar la ciencia cubana en los altos niveles de la ciencia mundial.

Introducción: la pandemia de la COVID-19 tiene impacto en la salud pública, en el crecimiento económico y en el desarrollo social. En las personas, estos efectos se reflejan en la salud y situación económica, en particular en las personas adultas mayores. Objetivo: caracterizar los cuidados de la salud durante la pandemia de COVD-19 en los adultos mayores del centro de salud San Francisco de la ciudad de Tulcán-Ecuador. Método: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal con técnicas cualicuantitativa. El universo constituido por 28 adultos mayores del Centro de Salud San Francisco, ciudad de Tulcán, Ecuador. Las variables utilizadas fueron sobre la atención brindada por el personal de salud a los adultos mayores. Los datos obtenidos unido a la experiencia de los autores permitieron triangular los resultados y redactar el informe final de la investigación. Resultados: el 75 % de los encuestados recibieron orientación sobre medidas para la prevención y la importancia de los cuidados; el 67,8 % señala no recibió atención oportuna ante la demanda, el 92,8 % evaluaron como adecuada la comunicación; el 45 % recibió atención mensual, el 50 % no recibió atención psicológica. Conclusiones: la COVID-19 constituye un inconveniente para el adecuado cuidado de la salud en los adultos mayores. Se necesita atención multidisciplinaria, integral, integrada y centrada en las personas mayores en la atención primaria de salud. Necesitan mayor apoyo por su vulnerabilidad y comorbilidades. La atención domiciliaria adecuada es efectiva para la prevención de la enfermedad y por tanto de las complicaciones.

Introduction: self-medication can generate adverse reactions, drug interactions, delay and failure in the diagnosis of the disease, resistance to antibiotics and loss of health resources. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is reported that the frequency of adverse reactions due to self-medication has doubled. Objective: to identify the various causes and factors that affect self-medication by COVID-19 in rotating Nursing interns at the "Luis Gabriel Dávila" Hospital in Tulcán, Ecuador.Method: a descriptive-analytical-correlational cross-sectional study was carried out on self-medication in 64 rotating Nursing interns of said institution in the period 2020-2021. Methods were used: empirical, analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, historical-logical level. The questionnaire was the technique applied to characterize the current state. The collected data was exported to Microsoft Excel v.2013. Results: 50.3% of Nursing inmates took frequent medication, 60.9% self-medicated with analgesics in the presence of symptoms due to COVID-19. 29.7% presented sore throat as a symptom of COVID-19, followed by fever with 26.5%. 78.1% used the oral route. 55.0% of these inmates always had free access to medications in their rotations; which prompted 42.2% to self-medication.Conclusions: the results obtained serve to characterize the problem of self-medication by COVID-19 in university students and provide information for the formulation of strategies that reduce its negative impact. The university and health authorities must dedicate efforts to the problem of self-medication by COVID-19, since it is a public health problem worldwide.

The environmental impact generated by the extensive utilization of fossil-based fuels has driven the need to develop renewable energy sources, as well as sustainable processes for liquid fuels production. Oxymethylene ethers (OMEs) are oxygenated compounds that have emerged as a potential alternative to replace Diesel fuel, helping to reduce the formation of soot and nitrogen oxides (NOx) during its combustion. Among this family of compounds, 1,1-dimethoxymethane (OME1) has special interest because of its versatility as an industrial solvent or as a chemical intermediate. Specifically, it can be used as a feedstock to produce higher chain OMEs. The direct synthesis of OME1 involves the selective oxidation of methanol over bifunctional catalysts, which have been widely studied during the last decades. This work summarizes the main features of the different catalytic systems developed, which play a fundamental role for the commercial production of 1,1-dimethoxymethane

In this article, we introduce the concepts of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry, which have received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022 for their numerous advantages (simplicity, robustness, practically quantitative yields, etc.). We describe the main bioorthogonal reactions that can be carried out in living systems, such as cells and even animals, which become exotic "reaction flasks". We also provide an overview of the latest advances in bionanomedicine, which were made possible by the combination of bioorthogonal chemistry with the unique properties of nanomaterials. To this end, the main characteristics of nanomaterials are presented, and some recent studies related to the development of new imaging and therapeutic tools are described.