Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Athletes who practice sports in which they compete according to weight categories often compete in a weight below the training weight, so they usually face constant cycles of loss and gain of weight, they can end up affecting their physical performance. Objective: To relate the level of nutritional knowledge with the alimentary practices of people of both sexes who practice in a competitive way, sports categorized by weight. Methods: Correlational quantitative study, in which 50 athletes of taekwondo, karate, judo and boxing are studied, the alimentary practices and the level of nutritional knowledge were obtained through a self-applied instrument. Results: 82% of the athletes evaluated maintain a weight greater than their category in the non-competitive stage. 84% of athletes indicate a reduction in carbohydrate intake and 72% reduce fat intake. 44% of athletes indicate less than 1 liter of fluid per day in the competitive stage and 66% refer to sauna suits or plastic bags to sweat. 22% of athletes start weight loss one week before weighing. The study compares dietary practices in the period outside competition and in the competitive period with the nutritional knowledge level of combat sports athletes, it is obtained that not necessarily to greater knowledge there are better feeding practices. The methods used for weight loss are similar in the sports evaluated. Conclusions: There is no statistical relationship between the level of nutritional knowledge and alimentary practices carried out by athletes in the competitive stage.

Iron deficiency anemia is related to the decrease in red blood cells due to lack of iron. Moringa oleífera is a high-iron plant and can be used to prevent this. Objective: to develop a pastry with good acceptance that is also able to act as a source of natural iron. Methods: a control product and two modified ones with 2.7% and 4.8% Moringa oleífera concentration respectively, were formulated. Acceptance was measured through statistical analysis. Nutritional value was calculated with composition charts. By using the analytic method, iron content was determined. Age ranges, consumption habits, consumption frequency about the plant, and the purchase’s intention were also measured. Results: The control product had better acceptance amongst the population that does not consume the plant (7.1 ± 1.63, p<0.05). The modified products with 2.7% concentration had a better acceptance (6.93 ± 1.69, p<0.05) than the one with 4.8% concentration (5.97 ± 1.51, p<0.05) amongst the population that does consume the plant. This was determined considering sensorial attributes, among a sample of 100 women with ages ranging 20 to 59 years. The 55% of the women is unaware of the benefits of Moringa oleífera and only 33% consumes it in any of its commercial varieties. Conclusion: The modified product recipe 1 with 2.7% concentration of Moringa oleífera is a high iron product and has higher acceptance and purchase intent among the population that consumes the plant. On the contrary, the control product has a better acceptance amongst the population that does not consume the plant.

Señor Editor. El linfoma anaplásico de células grandes asociado a implantes de mama (LACG – AIM) es un linfoma no Hodgkin de células T, que, aunque no es muy frecuente, se ha observado un notable incremento de casos probablemente por aumento en la cobertura y posibilidad de acceso a intervenciones estéticas y reconstructivas (1-3). Aún se desconocen aspectos sobre la etiología y fisiopatología, así como existen brechas amplias en la evidencia que permitan el desarrollo de una herramienta diagnostica y una terapéutica que garanticen el tamizaje o diagnóstico definitivo y, resolución completa de la enfermedad. Tal y como cualquier otra neoplasia, necesita de identificación y abordaje oportuno para intentar conseguir una tasa de morbilidad y mortalidad baja. Por lo tanto, conocer los avances de este tópico es de sumo interés tanto para los profesionales de atención primaria en salud (principalmente médicos y enfermeras), residentes y especialistas que posean carga asistencial de enfermedades complejas, ya que permitiría sospechar de ciertos casos y diseñar estudios para producir nuevo conocimiento en regiones donde no existe evidencia al respecto.

Objective: To determine the association between the Human Development Index (HDI) and its components with the mortality rate due to COVID-19 in the cantons of Costa Rica. Materials and methods: An ecological observational study was carried out. The response variable was the COVID-19 mortality rate in the cantons of Costa Rica and the explanatory variable was the cantonal HDI and its three components: material well-being, life expectancy and knowledge. Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated, with a significance level of 5%. Results: The 82 cantons of Costa Rica were evaluated, finding a COVID 19 mortality rate with an average of 140.26 deaths per 100 thousand inhabitants (95%CI: 130.91, 149.61). The cantons of San José (263.4), Goicoechea (215.5), Montes de Oro (207.5), Corredores (204.0) and Tibás (197.7) have the highest rates. When analyzing the association of the COVID 19 mortality rate between HDI and its components, significant correlations were found at 5% significance with HDI (r=0.3183, p=0.0036), material well-being index (IBM) (r=0.2868, p=0.0090), knowledge index (KI) (r=0.2301, p=0.0376). No significant correlation was found with the life expectancy index (LEI) (r=0.2064, p=0.0628). Conclusions: Among Costa Rican cantons, there is an association between HDI and COVID-19 mortality rate.

Señor Editor. En la actualidad a nivel internacional el sector salud enfrenta un gran reto, con respecto al cumplimiento de su objetivo principal, que es brindar una atención adecuada y oportuna a los pacientes(1). En el Perú, los hospitales del Ministerio de Salud atraviesan una situación similar, ya que no cuentan con los estándares de calidad recomendados, con notables deficiencias en la capacidad resolutiva debido a la falta de métodos de ayuda diagnóstica, falta de equipamiento y deficiencia en la adquisición de medicamentos e insumos, la falta de recurso humano, la gran demanda de pacientes, y el consecuente hacinamiento en los hospitales. Todo esto obstaculiza y dilata el tiempo necesario para brindarle la atención oportuna al paciente(2).

Objective: To determine the socioeconomic factors associated with homicide mortality in Costa Rica in the period 2000-2018. Materials and methods: Cantonal-level indicators related to demographic, social and economic factors in Costa Rica, obtained from the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC), were used. A Poisson regression model was used to relate socioeconomic factor variables to homicide mortality. Results: The factors that increase the risk of homicide in Costa Rica are older age groups (IRR=1.44, p=0.000), male sex (IRR=1.25, p=0.000), low schooling level (IRR=1.22, p=0. 000), high unemployment rate (IRR=1.18, p=0.000), high percentage of foreign population (IRR=1.03, p=0.000), high cantonal human poverty index (IRR=1.01, p=0.003) and higher proportion of cantonal urbanism (IRR=1.01, p=0.000). Conclusions: Homicide mortality in Costa Rica shows an increasing trend. Older age and male sex are the factors associated with the highest risk of death by homicide at the cantonal level in Costa Rica, while the degree of cantonal human development is the lowest risk factor.