Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Presentación

Prólogo

The application of compost to promote ecological succession in an area affected by opencast mining in the La Vega river basin was studied. Three treatment concentrations were established in plots of 25 m2 in a completely randomized experimental design, using sterile deposit and compost in the following ratios; T1: 8:1; T2: 4:1; T3: 2:1 and a control (T4, no compost). The bio-diversification in every plot was evaluated during a nine month period. Shannon, Simpson and Species Richness diversity indices were calculated. Repeated measurements of the principle components using ANOVA comparing the treatment to the control were analyzed. Fifteen species were recorded, five of them in Asteraceae. The variance analysis showed that there were no significant differences (p=0.24) regarding coverage. With respect to height (p=0.0001), T3 showed the best response in terms of a higher species richness and diversity when compared with the other treatments or the control.

In seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) plant trait variation has been associated with adaptation to light and water availability and a coordinated tolerance of plants to shortage of both resources has been proposed. We tested this hypothesis in a set of 113 species by analyzing the relationships amongst eleven leaf and stem traits that have been related to shade and drought tolerance. In addition, the usefulness of different types of functional classifications describing community plant trait variation was evaluated. Strong relationships were observed between leaf and stem traits, potentially conferring coordinated tolerance to shade and drought, and three axes of variation were identified by means of a principal component analysis. The first axis described leaf and stem economy, the second was related to leaf thickness and organization and the third was related to the trade-offs between leaf size, stem density and bark thickness. Stem density was correlated strongly with several plant traits, emphasizing its key role in explaining variation in life history strategies of SDTF species. Significant differences were found between functional groups categorized by phylogeny and leaf phenology, whereas for life forms differences were only observed for palms and bamboos. 

Vegetation of dry forest ecosystem of the Patia valley located in the department of Cauca has been altered and replaced by crops and pastures. The forest remnants were characterized in terms of their structure and floristic composition at altitudes between 500 and 800 m. This study evaluated changes in land cover  using aerial photographs and satellite image as input to produce land cover maps in order to assess changes associated with land use types. Data were analyzed by multivariate methods using the TWINSPAN program to produce a vegetation classification, identifying six vegetation structure types and six floristic types. The floristic gradient thrown by the program describes structural types, ranging from forests to shrublands and grasslands. Successional plant communities reflect conditions of the fragments, Citharexylum kunthianum community contrasts with riparian forests determined by Eugenia sp the dominant specie in disturbed areas. Handroanthus chrysanthus community shows a transition to xerophyte vegetation of the south of Colombia. Land use types and land cover classes have remained since 1961. Tropical dry forests are reduced in its structure, considering that forests are disturbed.In the long history of the land use and disturbance of this area, a reduction in forest fragments is evident, social and economic factors are a force for a change in plant communities in rural areas.

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La prudencia social es un enfoque teórico que se construye en los aportes y premisas científicas que permitan repensar desde una perspectiva del pensamiento complejo la práctica profesional y la intervención social en Trabajo Social. El escrito problematiza este enfoque en el marco de la necesidad de un rediseño de la intervención social y del modelo de gobierno en contextos sociales complejos dominados por la inequidad, la violencia, la criminalidad y la percepción de temores sociales, en el estudio de caso de la Ciudad de México.The social prudence is a theoretical imply on the contributions and premises scientifics that allow rethink from a perspective of complex thought for the professional practice and social intervention in Social Work. The written ponder this reflections in the context of the need for a redesign of social intervention and governance model in complex social contexts dominated by inequality, violence, crime and the perception of social fears in the case study Mexico City.

Existen distintos colectivos afectados o en riesgo de sufrir exclusión social Debido a este motivo surgen en España, a través de las comunidades autónomas, distintas leyes a finales de los ochenta con objeto de garantizar una Renta Mínima de Inserción a la población susceptible de situaciones de pobreza y/o marginación social con dificultades para autosatisfacer sus necesidades básicas. En Galicia se establece este recurso en 1991, modificándose en 2008 y recientemente con la entrada en vigor de la Ley 10/2013, de 27 de noviembre, de inclusión social de Galicia. Mediante esta investigación basada en un diseño de tipo instrumental emprírico-descriptivo, utilizando como instrumentos de recogida de datos una hoja de registro de los expedientes de RISGA del Ayuntamiento de Oimbra (n=21) –para el análisis cuantitativo y entrevistas semi-estructuradas de los perceptores/as de este recurso y las trabajadoras sociales de la Mancomunidad de Verín (n=3) –para el análisis cualitativo–, se busca identificar el perfil de los usuarios de RISGA, así como determinar las dificultades existentes para el colectivo perceptor de este recurso en relación a la inserción socioeducativa y laboral. Así mismo se han comparado los resultados con otros estudios similares realizados en España y se han analizado los posibles factores de riesgo, potenciales y de lucha para este tipo de situaciones.There are different groups affected or particularly prone to social exclusion. Due to this reason arise in Spain, through the autonomous communities, various laws at the end of the eighties in order to ensure a minimum income of insertion to the susceptible population of situations of poverty and/or social marginalization with difficulties in meeting their basic needs. In Galicia this resource is set in 1991, modified in 2008 and most recently with the entry into force of the Law 10/2013, of November 27, the social inclusion of Galicia. Through this research based on a type design empririco instrumental-descriptive, using as data collection instruments a record sheet of the files of the Town Hall of RISGA Oimbra (n=21) –for the quantitative analysis– and semi-structured interviews of the recipients of this resource and social workers from the Commonwealth of Verín (n=3) –for the qualitative analysis-, It seeks to identify the users profile of RISGA, as well as determine the existing difficulties for the collective beneficiary of this remedy in relation to the push and rehabilitative work. Well same have been comparing the results with other similar studies carried out in Spain and have analyzed the possible risk factors, and potential to fight for this type of situations.

El concepto completo de los derechos humanos en sentido contemporáneo es una novedad en relación con la historia de la Humanidad. Antes de los tiempos modernos, tanto la cultura china como la cultura occidental carecían de la concepción de los derechos humanos. Sin embargo, esto es contradictorio con el desarrollo de diferentes planteamientos sobre los derechos humanos en las diferentes culturas. Después de tres siglos de desarrollo, los derechos humanos se han convertido en la norma común y la propiedad de la totalidad de los seres humanos. Desde una perspectiva contemporánea, podemos analizar las ideas anteriores sobre los derechos humanos. Este artículo resume algunas de las ideas de los derechos humanos que fueron expresadas en las obras de Mencio. Y muestra cómo el confucianismo incluyó algunas ideas de la concepción moderna de los derechos humanos. La tradición confuciana, en cierto sentido, también permite la fundamentación de la concepción occidental de los derechos humanos. Al mismo tiempo, la concepción tradicional china de derechos humanos también se ha reflejado y ha influido en la práctica contemporánea china.The complete concept of human rights in contemporary sense is a new thing compared with human history. Before the modern times, both Chinese culture and Western culture lacked the conception of human rights. However, this does not negate the fact that there have been various ideas on human rights in different cultures. After three centuries of development, human rights ideas have become the common norm and property of the whole human beings. From today’s standpoint, we can have a bird’s-eye view on previous ideas on human rights. This article summarised some of the human rights ideas that were expressed in Mencius’ works. It has been proved that Confucianism included some ideas of the modern conception of human rights. The Confucian tradition also justified the Western conception of human rights from a certain aspect. At the same time, traditional Chinese conception of human rights has also reflected in and influenced on contemporary Chinese practice.

El objetivo del presente trabajo es conocer y cuantificar un aspecto de nuestro sistema público de salud que en los últimos años ha recibido un gran interés por parte del gobierno e instituciones, el turismo sanitario. Es importante resaltar que este concepto engloba dos realidades bien diferenciadas: la de aquellas personas que visitan nuestro país para operarse y/o recibir asistencia sanitaria en nuestros centros públicos sanitarios y aquellos que lo hacen en centros privados. Pues bien, en este artículo presentamos una aproximación analítica a la primera de las realidades ¿podemos hablar realmente de un verdadero turismo sanitario en centros públicos? ¿Supone una carga para nuestras arcas públicas esta asistencia médica a extranjeros? ¿Es preocupante el “aprovechamiento” de nuestros recursos públicos sanitarios por personas no residentes? Estas y otras preguntas surgen en este contexto. Del estudio realizado concluiremos que esta asistencia a extranjeros solo tiene una importancia cuantitativa cuando nos referimos a comunidades o regiones de carácter fronterizo o dónde la presencia de población inmigrante extranjera es resaltable.The aim of this study was to determine and quantify an aspect of our public health system that in recent years has received great interest from the government and institutions – health tourism. Importantly, this concept encompasses two distinct realities: the people who visit our country for surgery and / or receive health care in our public health centers and those who do it in private centers. In this article we present the first reality in quantitative terms. Can we really speak of a true medical tourism in the public health system? Does providing medical assistance to foreigners really affect our public expenditure? Are non-residents exploiting our public health resources? These and other questions arise in this context. This study will conclude that this foreign assistance is prevalent only in a few areas, those being where we border other countries, and where there is a large immigrant population.