ISSN: 2310-2799
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546,196 artículos
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Año:
2015
ISSN:
0717-554X, 0717-554X
Jarpa, Carmen Gloria
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales
Resumen
This article proposes that education, according to Antonio Gramsci, is a political act. To support our thesis, first we review the concepts hegemony, organic intellectual and historic bloc. In a second level, we use those concepts to understand education. In a third level we present a proposal for a functional political and ethical approach of education in current society.
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Año:
2015
ISSN:
0717-554X, 0717-554X
Gamero, Isabel
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales
Resumen
The main interest of this paper is to understand how different theories have influence in the anthropological study of boundaries spaces. First, I will refer to Wolf’s and Barth’s critique against the particularism of the first ethnographies (namely, Boas or Evans-Pritchard’s theories). These first anthropologists maintained an isolated and separated conception of culture and consequently, they were unable to apprehend links between different human groups. In contrast, I will mention new approaches (transnationalism and the anthropology of the boundaries), more sensible to the differential situations in borders and the existence of transnational nets among regions. Lastly, I will allude to the difficulties that three contemporary anthropologists (Appadurai, García Canclini and Kearney) must face, when they link these new approaches with some postmodern concepts (such as “rhizome”, “porous border” or “hybridity”) and therefore, they cannot apprehend either the complexity of the boundaries.
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Año:
2015
ISSN:
0717-554X, 0717-554X
Muñoz, Wilson; Mansilla, Miguel
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales
Resumen
The Aymara Pentecostalism is one of the most important religious movements in Chile. In the last decades it has been produced a considerable amount of sociological and anthropological research about this movement and this has resulted in the emergency of a particular field. However,
not the thematized the relevance of the theoretical assumptions that underlie in their
this, our aim is to develop an epistemological analysis of the theoretical assumptions behind the studies about the Aymara Pentecostalism in Chile, elucidating specifically how they have used the difference between structure and action when they aim to understand the features of this socio-religious movement. This will allow us to elucidate the types of epistemological conflation (Archer) that take place in the explanations develop by these authors, assessing its theoretical contribution.
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Año:
2015
ISSN:
0717-554X, 0717-554X
Lara, Ali
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales
Resumen
The ‘Affective Turn’ has generated a change in the production of knowledge based on certain philosophical trends recognized as ‘process philosophies’. Giles Deleuze, Henri Bergson and Alfred North Whitehead are some exponents of those philosophies that have strongly influenced over the affect studies within social sciences. Their thinking has been even a condition of possibility for the current ‘Affective Turn’. I will start this paper by arguing that these three authors of the process philosophies have shared a source of inspiration in the work of Baruch Spinoza. Later, I will present the ideas of Deleuze, Bergson and Whitehead that have been taken up –and recycled- by contemporary affect theorists. I will exemplify each case with a recent study from what I recognize as ‘vintage affective theories’. I conclude with some reflections on the probabilities and improbabilities offered by this return to the process p
hilosophy in affect studies developed by social sciences.
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Año:
2015
ISSN:
0717-554X, 0717-554X
Gibert, Jorge
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales
Resumen
From the traditional point of view, power and truth are not related. Since 20th century there has been a social and historical breach in conventional assumptions about the relationship between power and truth. On one hand, it is generally accepted that scientific facts are considered artificial, in the sense of being constructed. This assumption neither implied any kind of fraud nor did it mean that they could be created ex-nihilo. But the interpretation of Kuhn as well as the subsequent developments of the Strong Programme, successfully postulates that truth is merely a social issue. Since then, it has been increasingly suspected that any objective or neutral description of society is too difficult, rendering ir completely illusory. That is why it is necessary to ask again for the relation between the structures of truth and the social structure of power and what kind of impact they have on contemporary sociological theory. In this paper, it is given two examples of that kind of enterprise related to two major leading sociologists: Bourdieu and Giddens.
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Año:
2015
ISSN:
0717-554X, 0717-554X
Santibáñez, Cristián
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales
Resumen
In this paper the theoretical power of the concept of robustness is discussed in order to characterize the argumentative competence of a speaker. This notion is countered with the extended use of the idea complexity. As a general background some empirical results are used to support the theoretical discussion. The paper mainly relies on the theory of cultural cognition to situate the category of robustness and offers particular criteria to specify the possible operationalization of the notion. The criteria could later be applied, and even tested, in the analysis of the other social behaviours that involve collective intentionality, cooperation and recursivity.
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Año:
2015
ISSN:
0717-554X, 0717-554X
Pacheco, Teresa
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales
Resumen
Writing an academic text within institutions of higher education and research generally responds to two concerns. First, the immediate motivation to publish and possibly been recognized by their respective academic peers. Second, satisfying a training requirement (submission to obtain a title or a college degree) widely recognized by the academic community and by society. In both cases, the epistemic and cognitive value of the text content varies in function on the referring ones from which its object of study were conceived, and on which it rests the design, the structure and the organization of its writing. This paper deals with the epistemological problems that goes with the development of the doctoral dissertation in social sciences, and proposes a methodological strategy to be applied to an ongoing research, whose objective is to examine the contribution of doctoral dissertation to the development of the field of social and educational research.
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Año:
2015
ISSN:
0717-554X, 0717-554X
Soto, Juan
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales
Resumen
Doing research involves a minimum set of responsibilities. One of the is to ask why do research? Today researches and students do not ask about it. They assume they have to do research as mandatory. Research becomes a means and not and end. This paper is an overview of social psychology in Mexico (some statistical data is provided). It shows three aspects of how social psychology is addressed and some critical reflections that could be useful for those engaged in research in social psychology.
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Año:
2015
ISSN:
2448-9042
Rodríguez Estrada, Alejandra; Muñiz Muriel, Carlos
Centro Universitario de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades -Universidad de Guadalajara
Resumen
The article reports the results of the analysis of 588 surveys and 30 interviews to Monterrey's children in 2006, based on the triangulation of quantitative and qualitative techniques. The study intends to achieve a clear approach to the influence of televised politics among kids, as well as to reveal how different is the kid's opinion depending on their kind of school and his/her parent's opinion or inherited cultural baggage. It focuses on the reception phenomenon due to the educative gap in México, in order to learn how the educative structure is involved in this gap of interpretative, reflective and critic capacities towards the promotion of a better citizenship and the equality of power.
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Año:
2015
ISSN:
2448-9042
Chicharro Merayo, María del Mar
Centro Universitario de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades -Universidad de Guadalajara
Resumen
This paper aims to analyze some aspects of the role of television, especially those in connection with some of its products of fiction. Such products are considered as texts which interpret not only the changes, but also the elements which remain as representative of the evolution of Spanish society. Two Spanish soap operas, "La Señora " (The Lady) and "Amar en tiempos revueltos " (Loving in Troubled Times), are at the center of this analysis.The study also examines the strategies introduced in the programs, not only with the purpose of entertaining, but also of providing the viewers with clear explanations used to generate veracity and rigour to the stories.
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