Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In the last decade, Chile has experienced a revival of contentious politics. We witnessed its highest point during the October 2019 Social Outburst. Several investigations have studied the revitalization of protests in Chile, showing how they result from the discontent generated by the country’s high levels of socioeconomic and power inequality. Despite this, few studies have examined how Chileans perceive the conflict between classes. This article studies how perceptions of conflict between employers and workers vary according to social class, perceived level of economic deprivation, and left-right identity. The findings indicate that these three factors significantly affect perceptions of class conflict. For example, being an unskilled worker and identifying with the left significantly reinforces the perception of class opposition. Our analyses suggest that the perception of conflict is also reinforced by not identifying with the left-right spectrum. At the end of the article, we explain these findings and reflect on their implications for the study of political and class conflict in the country.

INTRODUCTION. Ecuador has been the victim of a series of attacks with a high degree of violence over time, generating countless people injured and fatalities also include the working class. OBJECTIVE. The legal recognition of the process of qualification of occupational accidents derived from terrorist attacks, so that the victims, in this case the workers, can have access to the coverage of assistance and economic benefits of the General Insurance of Labor Risks, when the direct or indirect causal link with the incident is indeed reliably accredited. METHOD. The historical background of terrorist acts registered in the Republic of Ecuador from 1973 to 2018 were analyzed "Global Terrorism Database", which has allowed us to develop a retrospective analysis of the facts from the root cause. Likewise, a review and comparison of the legal regulations on occupational risks in Ecuador, 4 Latin American countries and Spain was carried out, identifying the similarities and differences among countries related to assistance and economic benefits for occupational accidents. RESULTS. Ecuador is a vulnerable state to suffer this type of threats, and it also shows the legal vacuum regarding the protection of the working population, by the State, after suffering a work accident related to a terrorist attack. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. A reform of the General Insurance of Labor Risks Regulation is proposed.

INTRODUCTION. There is little published data on dental anxiety correlated to automatic thoughts, which is a critical factor in why people avoid going to the dentist. OBJECTIVE. To examine the correlation between the levels of dental anxiety and automatic thoughts in dental patients of the Red Cross in the province of Tungurahua. METHOD. This was a non-experimental cross-sectional study with explanatory, correlational scope. Three scales were used: Kleinknecht Dental Fear Scale (DFS), the Modified Dental Anxiety Survey of Corah (MDAS) and the Automatic Inventory of Thoughts by Ruíz and Luján, while the statistical analysis was carried out using Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS. According to the analysis of Cronbach's alpha, the results showed a significant positive correlation between dental anxiety and automatic thoughts. The statistical analysis demonstrated that the most common automatic thoughts are: filtering (51%), fallacy of reason (54%), fallacy of divine reward (54%) and “should”s (50%). Also, 65.9% had moderate levels of dental fears and 46.2% had mild levels of dental anxiety. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. The results revealed that levels of dental anxiety vary in terms of the dental procedure that patients have experienced and the low level of anxiety is related to the relational element of the practitioner.

INTRODUCTION. The adaptation to life within a cloistered monastery includes aspects related to the will, judgment and self-acceptance, which together form part of the discernment process. OBJECTIVE. create a device for psychological accompaniment for young women who begin their religious life in a cloistered monastery METHOD. Descriptive qualitative. A review of the specialized literature and a semi-structured interview were carried out with four experts in the field. Once the information was collected, it was contrasted with what was obtained in the bibliographic review. RESULTS. Three axes of action were identified: adaptation to monastic life, knowledge of the profile of young religious, and the need to define interventions to facilitate their adaptation process. The proposal is made up of actions for the young aspirants before and after their entry to the monastery, for the religious teacher and the sisters of the community; in four phases. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. Adaptation to monastic life is a constant process and requires a humanistic approach that favors the personal and spiritual growth of young religious, focused on their particular needs, according to their life history and the context in which it developed.

INTRODUCTION. Gender violence is a risk factor for the appearance of other types of violence, such as vicarious and institutional violence. Exposure to these types of violence generates harmful consequences for both children and their mothers. Therefore, it is relevant to understand the phenomenon in depth. OBJECTIVE. Describe the perceptions of mothers regarding their experiences and those of their children who are victims of vicarious violence in the context of gender violence, and determine the relationship between gender violence, vicarious violence, and institutional violence. METHOD. The design of this study was exploratory sequential. The quantitative phase was exploratory, non-probabilistic, and the qualitative phase was descriptive. RESULTS. There is a statistically significant relationship between the three investigated types of violence. Seven different types of vicarious violence were detected. Externalizing, internalizing, somatic and sexual symptoms were observed in children and adolescents due to exposure to Vicarious Violence. The institutional practices provided by the State are perceived as ineffective and revictimizing. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. vicarious violence occurs in conjunction with gender violence and institutional violence, being a complex and indivisible phenomenon. Children and adolescents are victims of violence just like their mothers; the State is perceived as an abusive entity, which facilitates the chronification of the violence by the aggressor.

INTRODUCTION. Aspects related to the teacher's attitude can influence their way of acting towards the implementation of inclusive education. OBJECTIVE. Compare the feelings, attitudes and concerns towards inclusive education in teachers of educational institutions of Metropolitan Lima, according to their sex, level of education and type of institution. METHOD. A study with a non-experimental, descriptive, comparative and cross-sectional design, which had a sample of 181 teachers, in whom the SACIE-R scale, Spanish version, consisting of 12 items, was applied. Statistical analysis used the U Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests with significance of 5%. RESULTS. The total scores obtained with the SACIE-R scale were higher in males, secondary education and the public sector, however a significant difference was only found for the level of education (p = 0.001). No significant differences were found for attitudes; feelings are more positive in boys (p = 0.037) and secondary education teachers (p = 0.021); and concerns are greater among secondary education teachers (p = 0.031). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. According to the SACIE-R scale, the gender of the teacher and the level of teaching determine significant differences in the feelings and concerns of the teachers surveyed.

INTRODUCTION. Violent behaviors in children are determined by the interaction of individuals during their first years of life; likewise, the family is the main agent of child socialization, therefore, the dysfunctional family is possibly the major provider of violent behavioral models in children. OBJECTIVE. To analyze the relationship between the level of family functionality and violent behavior in a sample of Ecuadorian children. METHOD. Quantitative study of descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional scope through the application of the Family Functioning Questionnaire (FF-sil) and the Cuello y Oros Aggressiveness Scale in 130 children, 95 males and 35 females between 7 and 12 years of age. RESULTS. The analysis showed a predominance of functional families (47.7%) and dysfunctional families (3.1%); with respect to the variable violent behaviour, 83.1% showed medium levels of aggressiveness and 16.9% low levels of aggressiveness. There is no significant correlation between the variables. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. The level of family functionality is not significantly related to violent behavior in children; however, the levels of aggressiveness and factors of family functionality: communication and harmony; present a significant relationship.

INTRODUCTION: Kudert is the most widely used test in the psychological assessment market in the organizational field in Ecuador. It measures DISC behavioral styles, cognitive abilities, and emotional intelligence. Despite its wide use, information on the psychometric properties of the instrument is limited. OBJECTIVE: to analyze the criterion validity of Kudert, considering that one of its uses is personnel selection. METHOD: 164 salespeople from a mass consumption company participated, who, apart from taking the test, were evaluated on the three performance criteria identified with work analysis. After conducting normality tests and outlier analysis, all the Kudert scales were correlated as predictors with the three identified performance criteria, correcting for attenuation due to unreliability of measures. RESULTS: The correlations showed no statistically significant relationship between the Kudert test scales and the criterion variables in the sample. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Some recommendations are offered regarding the psychometric models and procedures that should be used considering the ipsative nature of some the test scales as well as the type of information that should be available to the users.

La presente investigación se fundamenta en el enfoque social del diseño, mediante la satisfacción de las necesidades humanas individuales y colectivas, además como principal actor en la mediación del desarrollo económico, social y sostenible de la comunidad. Se pretende analizar las diferentes posturas teóricas que sustentan la construcción de una guía metodológica aplicada, para la generación de modelos de turismo sostenible desde la dimensión social del diseño y la práctica de métodos de investigación etnográfica comunitaria. Esta metodología es un recurso de reflexión sobre los imaginarios sociales presentes en la relación entre el entorno de la Laguna de Colta, ícono ancestral de la Sierra ecuatoriana con gran potencial turístico, y la comunidad que lo habita. El resultado es una guía metodológica que busca la viabilidad de la práctica del diseño en contextos poco explorados, contemplando criterios históricos, comunitarios y políticos, para la construcción de estructuras de interacción como catalizador del turismo sostenible.

INTRODUCCIÓN. La cuarta revolución industrial es un camino sin retorno para todo el sector empresarial. En la UE el 99% de las PyMES se ven impactadas negativamente por la escasa adopción tecnológica en sus procesos operativos y productivos. OBJETIVO. La presente Revisión Sistemática de Literatura tiene como objetivo presentar los hallazgos encontrados en estudios donde se analiza el impacto de la adopción de tecnologías emergentes en las PyMES y se identifican sus principales tendencias. MÉTODO. Mediante la búsqueda sistemática se hizo la selección de estudios que incluyan tecnologías emergentes y propuestas de gestión para la adopción de la TD en PyMES. En la búsqueda se excluyen estudios de DLTs. RESULTADOS. Usando BDD científicas como Elsevier, Springer link, IEEE entre otros, se encontró 41 artículos (Q1 (55%), Q2 (5%), Q3 (3%)) relacionados. Tomando el 87% de trabajos como referencia, se evidenció que todavía existen estudios empíricos dispersos, y que predominan las propuestas en el direccionamiento para adopción de la TD en PyMES. DISCUCIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES. Se identificó que la tendencia tecnológica es la conectividad, el uso de servicios de internet e Integración de la tecnología digital. Este estudio aporta información actualizada sobre la tendencia para explorar y explotar la TD en las empresas.