Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The objective of the present investigation was to determine the efficacy of twelve alternative treatments for the control of Oidium sp. in blueberry cultivation, under field conditions. The experiment was installed under a randomized complete block design (DBCA). The treatments were proposed based on Bacillus subtilis, AP-01, Bacillus subtilis IAB/BS03, Silicon, Sulfur, Mannan oligosaccharides and potassium bicarbonate. Six treatments in rotation of the mentioned products were considered, and six treatments without rotation. Applications were made weekly, from budding to pre-blooming. The incidence and severity in leaves were evaluated with a frequency of seven days. Then, these variables were transformed to the area under the disease progress curve (AUCPE) for statistical analysis. The results indicate that the treatments with potassium bicarbonate and sulfur had the best incidence control effect with an efficacy of 61.85 and 42.81%, respectively. Likewise, the treatments with potassium bicarbonate, Sulfur and Sulfur in rotation with Silicon appeared the best severity control effect with an efficiency of 73.96, 56.7 and 54.82% respectively.

The objective of the research was to evaluate the performance of tara agribusiness system-ABS of Peru according to the commercial dynamics of the international market. The methodology of Diagnosis and Strategic Management of an Agribusiness System was used and as tools the analysis of market dynamics and discrete structural analysis for the ABS, based on the review of bibliographic sources and the application of semi-structured interviews. The ABS presents a growth in exports of tara derivatives based on demand. Powdered tara and tara mucilages are the main export products, however, market disruptions fluctuate their sales prices. In this context, the ABS has an institutional environment that encourages the production of tara and derivatives for the international market, however, a limited performance of small producers is evident due to their high informality, low scale, weak collective level and low technological level for the production of tara. Therefore, the commercial dynamics of the ABS is limited by the low performance of the producers.

Golden gooseberry (Physalis peruviana) and tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) have bioactive components, which open up the possibility of finding new ways to industrialize them. The objective of the study was to report the chemical and sensory characterization of a new alcoholic beverage produced by mixtures of Physalis peruviana and Solanum betaceum fruits, through fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Ale) and Saccharomyces pastorianus (Lager). The physicochemical characterization of the beverages obtained was determined by basic parameters such as alcoholic degree, pH, density, total soluble solids, which were analyzed using: the AOAC "Official Methods of Analysis". Total carotenoids were analyzed according to: mg b-carotene eq/100g; the total phenolic compounds were determined under the Folin Ciocalteus protocol; the color characteristics (L*, a* and b*) using computer vision and Python data analysis. The sensory characterization was established with the help of 60 panelists, who evaluated 8 characteristics (flower aroma, nut aroma, wood aroma, astringency, body, flower odor, nut odor, and wood odor). Through a principal component analysis (PCA) and clustering analysis, it was shown that the fermented Ale-25AG-75BE and Ale-50AG-50BE, presented greater preference with 60 and 80%, being represented by Clusters 3 and 4. Finally, this study shows the feasibility of using mixtures of goldenberry and tree tomato to produce fermented alcoholic beverages, which could be inserted into the market as a new product.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the time of the year, the age of the mother and the month of lactation on the chemical composition of the colostrum and milk of the llama (Lama glama). The study was carried out at the Quimsachata Experimental Center of the INIA. 89 samples of colostrum were analyzed to determine the content of immunoglobulin G; Likewise, the chemical composition of 46 colostrum samples and 476 milk samples was determined. The content of IgG, fat, non-fat solids (NFS), protein, lactose, density, freezing point and minerals in the colostrum were: 37.43mg/mL; 2.78%; 31.42%; 12.07%; 17.68%; 1.13g/cm3; -1.05ºC and 0.40% respectively. The contents of fat, NFS, protein, lactose, density, freezing point and minerals in the milk were: 3.43%; 11.61%; 4.40%; 6.46%; 1.037g/cm3; -0.48ºC and 0.36% respectively. In conclusion, the time of year does not influence the chemical composition of milk; likewise, the age of the mother does not influence any of the chemical components of colostrum, nor does it influence most of the components of milk except minerals; meanwhile, the month of lactation influences most of the components of milk, except fat.

The cultivation and production of grain maize constitute an important opportunity to promote the socio-economic and agricultural development of the communities of Mexico. According to the National Agricultural Planning 2017-2030 related to corn grain proposed by the federal government through the Secretariat of Agriculture and Rural Development (SADER); pointed as a producing region with production potential to the states of Sinaloa, Nayarit, and Jalisco. Grouped by the territorial structure that produces corn grain that predominates in this region. Same that contributed 35% of the national production of this grain in 2021. In order to find significant differences in the yield of corn in water modalities (irrigation and temporal), the analysis of variances for the proposed case of the states that make up the Western Territorial Region is addressed. With a temporality from 2008 to 2018. According to the analysis of variance of a ten-year cohort, it is concluded that in the Western Territory Region it was observed that the average yield of irrigated grain maize production is 1.6 times greater than that of temporary. In the case of Sinaloa, it corresponds to 5.7, in Jalisco to 1.3, and in Nayarit to 1.6 times greater than the irrigation than the storm. This corresponds to and justifies a policy that supports the optimal use of water resources, through irrigation channels or hunting that includes benefits for small producers and not only in agroextractivism.

The demand for quality and safety in poultry meat can be achieved by affecting overall performance with the supply of functional nutrition, which decreases metabolic stress, lipid peroxidation, and dangerous metabolomes. The objective of this research was to evaluate the physiological performance, the productive parameters and the economic profitability when including Ganoderma powder extract. lucidum in drinking water. 480 one-day-old BB Cobb500 chickens were evaluated for 49 days under intensive rearing. A completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 repetitions was applied, corresponding: Without extract, 6mg/kg/pv , 12 mg/kg/pv and 18 mg/kg/pv , for 7 consecutive days of weeks 1, 2, 4th and 6th. The hematological and metabolic profile was determined on days 1, 8, 29, 42 and 50 of age. The results were evaluated by ANOVA and Tukey's test; being the greatest positive effect of Ganoderma lucidum supplementation with 18 mg/kg/bw , showing statistical significance (p < 0.05) for body weight, weight gain, feed intake and conversion, mortality, hemoglobin and transaminases. It was concluded that the inclusion of the fungus Ganoderma lucidum in the diet improves the physiological, productive and economic performance of broiler chicken.

The Low Deciduous Forest (LDF) provides several ecosystem services; however, it is the type of vegetation with the greatest anthropogenic impact. Sampling was carried out at 7 sites in an LDF area in recovery, located in the Costa Chica region, in the Guerrero State, Mexico. The main objective was to evaluate the degree of soil disturbance from the analysis of the composition and structure of communities of nematodes present in each of the sites. Bacterivorous nematodes considered as opportunistic organisms were the most abundant in all sites, indicating disturbed soils. The average values of the ecological indices (Maturity Index - IM, Enrichment Index - IE, and Structure Index - SI) were low in most of the sites, confirming the results obtained with the trophic groups.

The coating of tomato with sapote gum (0.0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2.5% (w/v)) was evaluated during storage in the environment (20 °C; 85 % RH) and refrigeration (15 °C; 90% RH). Treatments with coverage to the environment presented less weight loss than the control (0.0%); in refrigeration, in treatments with 0.5% and control, this loss was lower. The rate of respiration to the environment and refrigeration showed similar trends. There was a non-significant increase in ambient soluble solids; in refrigeration, the control presented a slight decrease and the treatments with coverage a slight increase. The pH, in all treatments, was slightly increased. There was a slight decrease in acidity in all treatments. Firmness decreased by 46%-55% in the environment and by 65%-69% in refrigeration; there were no significant differences with respect to the witness. The color parameters (L*, h° and C*) decreased significantly in the first week; afterward, the decrease was slight. The mold and yeast count were below the maximum limits. Sensorily, acceptance was similar in all treatments. In conclusion, the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics and acceptability of the rubber-coated tomato did not show significant differences with respect to the control.

Soil contamination by metals is an environmental problem and phytoremediation has proven to be a technique that promises the recovery of these soils. Even so, the selection of species to be used in phytoremediation is key to obtaining promising results. Next, through a systematized literature review, 125 research published between 2016 and 2021 on the different species of accumulator plants were analyzed to reduce pollution and recover soils. At the beginning of the investigation, the consequences of soil contamination are mentioned, and phytoremediation is presented as a viable alternative to reduce it. The research analyzed was obtained from significant documentary sources such as journal articles indexed in the Scopus, Intech, IOPScience and Scielo databases due to their international relevance and high impact index. The review of the fifteen most relevant articles between 2016 and 2021 proves that this method of phytoremediation is viable and effective in the recovery of soils contaminated with heavy metals.

Peruvian MYPE's have developed successfully during the last decades, due to better economic solvency, adequate work infrastructure, greater access to more modern technologies and strengthening of human resource. Despite this, this growth is also accompanied by an increase in the number of defects, failures or non-conformities. For this reason, each company obtains the necessary means to try to counteract the effect of variability. The present work was based on the use of the improvement methodology and DMAIC structure (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) as a tool to reduce the incidence of claims in a poultry meat distributor MYPE. The implementation improved the company's communication channels, updating and standardizing processes through the use of technology. It was also possible to train employees, improve infrastructure and equipment, increasing operational quality. Finally, the use of the DMAIC obtained a 39% reduction in claims and an increase in the sigma level for the attention of orders.