Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

It is enough to take a look at the actual state of a huge number of the global population’s mental health for realizing the seriousness of the issue and propose some possible solutions. Transhumanism proposes a human enhancement through technological innovation. This work explains how this innovation can enhance the human being’s welfare, analysing the ethical and social consequences of the superwelfare proposal and also discussing the critiques to the transhumanists by the bioconservatives.

Presentation of the monography «Philosophy of what we must pass over in silence. Central topics of Philosophy of Language in homage to Pedro Chamizo.»

Wittgenstein’s work is the document of a lifelong philosophical struggle for insights at the borderline of the thinkable and their adequate expression, based on the idea of limiting the scope of the rationally expressible from within in order to gain intuitions beyond. As a consequence of his double-sided way of thinking, there may often be felt a tension between seemingly opposing thoughts or ways of argumentation which sometimes led to misinterpretations. In this paper it will be shown that the idea of «running against the limits of language» (and trying to get glimpses into the other side) was absolutely central for Wittgenstein’s early as well as for his later philosophy, however, still leaving the door ajar for metaphysical explanations. From the conception of a double faced, at the same time positivist and metaphysical Wittgenstein the role of his introduction of the concept «language games» can be explained more convincingly. New light can also be shed on his conception of semantics and the so-called «private language argument».

Parachondria neglectus is a terrestrial mollusk endemic of Cuba. This species constitutes the only report of the Annulariidae family in the municipality of Manzanillo, Granma province. In the present study, the temporal dynamics of the structural subniche of a population of P. neglectus was characterized. Thirty expeditions were carried out between December 2013 and February 2015. 83.9 % of the mollusks were found on the ground (around the base of trees and shrubs) and 16.1 % used the trunk of eight plant species as diurnal resting substrate. The test of independence performed using a 2×2 contingency table with Yates correction showed that in the population the frequency of using one substrate or another depends on the occurrence or not of rainfall (χ2 = 214.88; P = 0.0001). This species was found at an average trunk distance of 13 ± 6.42 cm. The C-index values indicated marked preference of this mollusk for Swietenia mahagoni during all climatic periods sampled. During the rainy season this species also showed statistically significant preferences for Cordia gerascanthus, Ehretia tinifolia and Bursera simaruba. For the population, the height above the ground presented a mean value of 153.5 ± 71.3 cm. The heights above the ground reached by this species on rainy and non-rainy days showed statistically significant differences (U = 21519.5; P < 0.001).

In order to face the risks derived from their activity, insurance entities must have sufficient financial resources to cover outstanding obligations with their clients. The succession and impact of insurance risks in the period 2015-2017 and the high accumulation of claims in short periods of time led to the identification of efficiency reserves in the administration of insurance technical provisions in the Unidad Empresarial de Base Seguros Pinar del Río of the National Insurance Enterprise. The objective is to propose the modification of the administration procedure of the technical provisions of risks in course and provisions pending liquidation. For this purpose, a diagnosis was carried out in the Pinar del Río Base Business Unit during that period, demonstrating that the procedure presented weaknesses in its creation percentages, and unnecessarily immobilized financial resources, which affected the performance and economic efficiency in the short and medium term, these limitations being manifested mainly in times of strong impacts of climatological events and the combination of several risks in agricultural insurance. As a result, an improved procedure was proposed and validated for the 2018-2020 period, achieving superior results in this unit. In addition, a procedure was designed and implemented for electronic indemnities to producers and productive structures in the agricultural sector, improving efficiency and effectiveness in its management: the opening of financial investments derived from the use of temporarily free funds.

The tangible immovable cultural heritage is made concrete in the constructions or the set of them made by the man from the prehistory until the present time that represent the identity of the city. Matanzas is an example of city that possesses a high wealth as for cultural and patrimonial values that are sample of identity. As a result of the need for cities to adapt to the new changes existing worldwide, tourist destinations emerge, which must consolidate their identity in order to differentiate themselves from other cities and respond to the demands of the market. The purpose of this research is to identify the tangible immovable cultural heritage in terms of local tourism development. It is of an exploratory-descriptive type and uses theoretical and empirical methods that validate the procedure and its practical application in the city of Matanzas. Among the main results are: the application of the designed procedure in the case of the city of Matanzas, which allowed establishing the most identifying manifestations for its valorization and the integration of all the organizations that govern the immovable tangible cultural heritage in that city, which makes possible the modeling of the guidelines for the development of local tourism.

The automated and integrated management of the social and human dimension of the different sectors involved in food production in Cuba is one of the dimensions of work that needs to strengthen the plan for food sovereignty of the nation. There is an urgent need to better manage the technical and qualified force available to coherently promote the different programs prioritized for food production in each territory. Given this need, the present research aims to show the potential use of the Directory of Actors and Sectors of the Food Sovereignty Observatory as a system that manages information on human resources by ministries related to food production and science in Pinar del Río. The research used different methods and procedures that allowed obtaining as a result a system that compiles information by ministries, productive structures, units and human resources and also describes their dynamics by different variables such as age, sex, skin color, schooling level, scientific category, among other aspects. This system allows for a more comprehensive knowledge of productive capacities, based on the mapping of resources and structures involved in food production in the province.

The phenomenon of digital transformation is emerging as a result of the Covid-19 crisis, which has accelerated commercial companies, forcing them to modify their processes, improve their competitiveness and develop new digital strategies, taking advantage of the full potential of technology to meet their customers. The objective of the study is to establish whether companies in the commerce sector are prepared for the digital transformation process. The proposed research model exposes the areas of the business in which digital technologies are most affected; it focuses on answering the what? and the which? from the perspective of five domains of the underlying principles of the strategies, changing the rules of the business. The research conducted is of qualitative and non-experimental design. The research method was inductive and its scope descriptive and correlational with the objective of quantifying the relationship between the concepts and their variables. The statistical and field technique was used, the main instrument for collecting information was the questionnaire, followed by the databases, using a statistical analysis program that showed the most significant aspects of the indicators studied.

Most third world countries, especially Cuba, have bet on innovation to seek solutions that generate the economic and social development so longed for. For this reason, the objective of the article was to analyze the role of innovation in the economic and social development of Latin America and the Caribbean, delving into the case of Cuba based on innovation indicators. The research followed a qualitative methodology, based on documentary review, for which the analysis-synthesis and historical-logical methods were applied. The relationship between innovation and economic and social development was approached, particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean, based on the input and output indicators most used in the estimation of capacities in science, technology and innovation. The results of the innovation indicators analyzed were similar in Cuba and in Latin America and the Caribbean. Most of the investment in research and development in the region was concentrated in Mexico, Chile, Brazil and Argentina; and the establishment of the institutional framework in charge of science, technology and innovation activities is not equally developed in the countries of the region. In addition, the evolution of Cuba's policy was evidenced by the recognition of the link between innovation and economic and social development, showing a coherent, continuous policy, focused on strengthening the institutional framework, with the incorporation of figures such as science and technology parks to the Science, Technology and Innovation System.

Risk management is of vital importance; its knowledge and execution allows controlling and minimizing the negative consequences of its occurrence, achieving economic-financial stability and comprehensive security. In Cuba, it acquires relevance due to Resolution 60 of 2011 on the Standards of the Internal Control System, because in its chapter two it includes risk management and prevention. The objective is to apply the methodology for risk management and prevention in the Agricultural Production Cooperative "Rafael Morales" adjusted to its characteristics and particularities that contribute to a better productive performance and value creation. In the diagnosis carried out, it was found, through surveys and interviews, documentary analysis and observation of the areas, that there was a lack of knowledge on the subject, which leaves it exposed to any eventuality, especially because of its exposure to natural and biological risks. With the implementation of the methodology, a better identification and evaluation of risks was obtained, mainly in the prevention and control of tobacco cultivation and other various crops. In economic terms, losses and their valuation are minimized or reduced in the event of their materialization or occurrence. It can be affirmed that the application of this methodology contributed positively to the development of the Agricultural Cooperative, both from the economic point of view, by reducing risks, and from the social point of view, by protecting the interests of the associates and the community.