Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Objective: To evaluate the clinical response of patients with cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia after endoscopic sinus surgery at the Dr. Robert Reid Cabral Children’s Hospital from September 2021 to February 2022. Methods: An ambispective, cross-sectional, observational case series study was conducted, where the study population was made up of patients with cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia at the Dr. Robert Reid Cabral children’s hospital during the study period. Inclusion criteria: Patients older than 6 years with a confirmed diagnosis of cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia (Genetic test with 2 homozygous mutations, positives electrolytes in sweat), severe respiratory symptoms of CRS that did not improve with conventional treatment and underwent endoscopic surgery for sinuses. Results: Of a total of 41 patients, only 10 met the inclusion criteria, the most prevalent age range was 14 to 18 years. Both CF and PCD patients decreased the frequency of CRS symptoms. After ENC, there were discrete changes in lung function, and only patients with severe to moderate disease increased % of FEV1. Most of the patients did not require admission after surgery. The most common germ found in nasopharyngeal and sputum cultures in preoperative patients was Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 86%; after ESS there was a significant increase in MRSA colonization in both CF and PCD patients. More than 50% of postoperative patients improved their quality of life, so endoscopic sinus surgery is effective in this population in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis.

Introduction: The umbilical cord is a structure of spiroid form and it is the one that communicates the fetus to the placenta, within the pathologies of the same are the twist one of the infrequent but with high fetal mortality. Case presentation: a male product, the son of a 19-year-old mother, 39 weeks' gestation, an autopsy procedure was performed at the National Institute of Pathology, Dr. Sergio Sarita Valdez, showing cord twist umbilical. Conclusions: During the autopsy procedure, a 39-week gestational age male patient, a torsion and umbilical cord stenosis associated with severe polyhydramnios were found.

Introduction: Muscular dystrophies are hereditary myogenic disorders characterized by progressive muscular atrophy and weakness of variable distribution and severity. The population of the Dominican Republic is the result of a mixture of ethnic groups, making it the bearer of a diverse chromosomal inheritance and DNA, being susceptible to presenting any hereditary disorder. Methods: With a sample of 17 patients obtained between September 2019-March 2020, a retrospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study, in which a review of the files of the myopathies clinic was made in the pediatric neurology consultation of the Children's Hospital Doctor Robert Reid Cabral, to describe the clinical profile of patients with muscular dystrophy and the electromyography findings in the cases with the same. Results: The age distribution corresponded to 5-9 years; 53%, being the masculines, the most frequent sex. In 70.59%, there was a family history of muscular dystrophy. The main reasons for consultation were fatigue and frequent falls. Conclusion: In the electromyography findings, the percentage of patients who presented this test with alterations was 88.24% and 11.76% without alterations. This result shows us the great utility of said study in the workup of muscular dystrophies in countries with no availabilities for molecular studies, being one of the essential tests in the diagnostic approach of patients with clinical suspicion of said pathologies.

Liposarcomas are malignant neoplasms of mesodermal origin derived from adipose tissue that form part of 10-15% of soft tissue sarcomas. For its diagnosis, the presence of a palpable abdominal mass and imaging studies such as: CT, MRI and PET are taken into account, which allow defining the appearance, size, location and organic relationships of the tumor. The case of a 51-year-old woman with a mass of fatty content and soft tissues in the retroperitoneal region is reported, in whose CT scan measures 25.8 cm x 23.5 cm x 13.5 cm, which invades and displaces the left kidney superiorly. the abdominal aorta to the right, in addition to the left ureter, the adrenal gland and which moves the descending colon forward. She underwent retroperitoneal tumor resection with multivisceral surgery that included left nephroureterectomy and left colectomy plus side-to-end colorectal anastomosis. The histopathological report of the surgical specimen corresponds to a high-grade dedifferentiated liposarcoma weighing 6,776 kg, measuring 42 x 30 x 12 cm.

Introduction: Primary angioplasty is crucial in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction with ST elevation, and the assurance of its success could be determined by the assessment of multiple factors prior to the procedure, including sociodemographic, anatomical, and electrocardiographic characteristics. Objectives: This study aims to understand how cardiac morphological characteristics, coronary lesions, and electrocardiographic variations relate in Dominican patients undergoing primary angioplasty. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on patients from Santiago de los Caballeros between January 2020 and February 2022. Demographic, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, and angiographic data were collected, and the relationship between coronary lesion complexity, QRS score, and cardiac morphological variables was analyzed. Results: 25 patients were included, mostly men (72%), with a high prevalence of diabetes (64.7%). The average QRS duration was 116±27.0 ms. The most common cardiac abnormalities were left ventricular hypertrophy (17.4%) and bundle branch blocks (8.7%). Average door-to-diagnosis and door-to-angioplasty times were 90 and 60 minutes, respectively. The average SYNTAX score was 26.7±10.8, indicating intermediate complexity. Morphological variables showed no significant correlation with either coronary lesion complexity or ischemic damage severity. Conclusion: This study suggests that in patients with acute coronary syndrome in the Dominican Republic, coronary lesion complexity and ischemic damage severity are not necessarily related. Individualized assessment of factors such as gender, comorbidities, electrophysiology, and cardiac anatomy is crucial in planning primary angioplasty. Further research with larger samples is needed to confirm these findings.

Introduction: DVT is one of the most common vascular pathologies in the world, whose occurrence is a combination of different risk factors both genetic and non-genetic, so it is considered a preventable disease, however, at present the identification of these factors may represent a challenge for the clinician, leading to this being classified as unprovoked or idiopathic. To review the risk factors, both genetic and non-genetic, that can guide the clinician in the suspicion and prevention of DVT. Methodology: A literature review was performed in PubMed and Elsevier databases with the purpose of collecting updated information on risk factors and genetic characteristics associated with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The DeSC terms deep vein thrombosis, venous thrombosis, and phlebothrombosis were used together with their MeSH equivalents, combined with Boolean AND and OR connectors to refine the search. A total of 80 articles published between 2018 and 2023 were reviewed and initially evaluated according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, selecting 50 for use in this review. Inclusion criteria comprised studies that specifically addressed risk factors, both genetic and nongenetic for the development of DVT and its generalities. Original research studies and to a lesser extent review articles were included. Exclusion criteria focused on studies that were not available in English or Spanish and studies related to the pediatric population. We selected articles of global provenance that included population older than 18 years and that fit the publication period between 2018 and 2023. We chose to use the PubMed and Elsevier databases due to their broad coverage in medicine and their wide acceptance in the scientific community. Conclusion: It was evidenced that there are multiple risk factors that predispose to the appearance of DVT, of which, in most of them, medical intervention can have a positive impact on the development of the disease, including genetic alterations and their implications.

The Dominican Republic (DR) has minimal national tobacco control strategies for youth tobacco use. This study seeks to understand how different patterns of tobacco use might occur in groups of Dominican youth. Methods: Using Latent Class Analyses, we analyzed the DR’s 2016 Global Youth Tobacco Survey dataset (N= 1,532), a nationally representative school-based survey. We examined two indicators (ever use, past 30-day use) of cigarettes, shishas, smokeless tobacco, and e-cigarettes. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze predictors of class membership. Results: Five subclasses of tobacco users were identified: non-users (58.44%), shisha experimenters (18.55%), poly-tobacco experimenters (10.66%), poly-tobacco users (8.57%), and smokeless tobacco with experimentation (3.79%). Compared to non-users, Shisha experimenters had higher odds of being male, having more spending money, and having observed someone smoking tobacco in their house. Poly-tobacco experimenters and Poly-tobacco users class had higher odds of having observed someone smoking tobacco in their house. Smokeless tobacco, with experimentation of other forms of tobacco, had higher odds of having observed someone smoking tobacco in their house and outside. Discussion: Our findings indicate that most tobacco users belong to the shisha experimenters or were multiple product experimenters/user classes. This suggests that tobacco control strategies should focus on multiple products and aim prevention efforts toward younger male students.

Introduction: A new prevention strategy against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, pre-exposure prophylaxis, known as PrEP, has emerged. Objective: To assess whether the use of PrEP increases the risk of acquiring other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in men who have sex with men (MSM) at high risk of acquiring HIV infection. Methodology: A bibliographic search of the scientific literature was carried out in PubMed, Scopus and Web Of Science databases. Results: Among MSM PrEP users, there is an increase in the incidence of bacterial STIs. Although, it is partially due to an increase in testing for STIs and HIV (compared to other populations), the presence of risk compensation during PrEP was determined. Conclusion: MSM experience an increased incidence of bacterial STIs during PrEP, compared to the previous period without treatment. The perception of protection causes the risk of contracting other STIs during sexual relations to be underestimated. The practice of anal sex without a condom and sex with multiple partners stand out as factors that increase the risk of acquiring STIs among PrEP users.

The promotion of the reading habit is a crucial issue for educational development and success. Few teachers use digital strategies to enrich reading, which means that students have little developed this habit. The objective of this article is to propose a didactic program with innovative strategies mediated by the use of ICT for the development of the reading habit in students in the second year of elementary general basic education at the "Hermano Miguel" - La Salle -Tulcán Physical-Missional Educational Unit. The research approach was mixed, descriptive, field and documentary. A survey was applied to 30 teachers and an observation form to 30 students. The results indicated that the digital strategies used by the teachers of the Educational Unit are scarce and the development of the reading habit is also irrelevant. The observation made to the students showed that they do not have the reading habit. In view of this, a didactic program was proposed with innovative strategies mediated by the use of ICT, for the development of the reading habit in students, thus promoting the improvement of reading skills.