Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The objective of this work is to propose a teaching support material for teachers and primary teachers in undergraduate training as part of the actions that must be carried out in the different subjects of the curriculum with an emphasis on the Linguistic and Literary Studies discipline, which enables the communicative competence of these and their subsequent contribution to the development of an inclusive education in primary school students. It starts as a fundamental premise, from the communicative competence that the primary teacher must develop in the undergraduate from the classroom context towards the achievement of knowledge and educational influences that guarantee a quality education, where each primary teacher in training can reveal this communicative competence from the undergraduate degree to later contribute to the development of an inclusive education in the exercise of their profession. Methods such as document and bibliographic analysis, observation.

Constructivism is a compilation current of various educational trends of thought that transfer knowledge to students. They plan how to assimilate them immediately by the mental processes that are a challenge for adolescents. Ideological structures on their own are an almost impossible undertaking, but there the skill of the educator is. The Constructivist Philosophy in its insertive training plan, seeks the imagination of each one towards himself and then towards others. Nothing and no one can ever work for themselves, which is why this trend makes use of pedagogy to make ideas and tools dynamic. Like other methods, currents, ideologies, this seeks the participation of the individual in the processes of obtaining knowledge. The investigation of this document, seeks the vindication of the current as a learning instrument, consolidating the elements and tools of constructivism, in the research sites.

The purpose of this research is to apply the Project-Based Learning in the cognitive development of the students of the middle sublevel of the School of Basic Education "2 de Mayo" academic period 2021-2022. The methodology used in this work is the mixed approach through field research, descriptive, with observation techniques and as an instrument the online survey. The population under study was carried out with the teachers of the middle sublevel and the students of the Sixth grade of basic education of the educational institution in question. The main contribution that is offered is to explain the benefits and advantages that this methodology has, in the cognitive development of the student body, as a dynamic strategic initiative for online and face-to-face collaborative work.

Gamification is an innovative strategy that allows learning by playing, in recent years great changes and transformations have been generated in educational processes. This research aims to: Analyze the Gamification didactic strategy to improve the process of formative evaluation in the area of language and literature with children in the seventh year of secondary basic education. As methods, it uses the qualitative-quantitative approach in an exploratory, descriptive work. and field, the study of the techniques used in the instruments, surveys of seventh grade students and their teachers with the purpose of innovating the traditional practice in their way of evaluating. Improvement was verified through a training process, the formative evaluation from the contents of language and literature.

It was carried out a descriptive study of traverse court with the objective of checking the use of the open educational resources, in the teaching of the clinical Pharmacology in the University of Medical Sciences of Santiago from Cuba, during the second semester of the course 2020-2021. Para to develop the above-mentioned, he/she was carried out a registration of the use on the part of 150 students of third year of Medicine of the virtual classroom of this institution, to which were applied a survey, being obtained the following results: 56,6 % of the pupils used the open educational resources designed for the learning of the subject, 100 % of the students consented to the guides of questions designed with view to the execution of the general objectives of the discipline and 63,3 % of the educational it considers that the resources educational employees in the education are excellent.

The transition from modernity to postmodernity brought with it a series of changes in all areas of individual life. Among the consequences, a total breakdown of the traditional model of the family that it implied is observed. in the first instance. the union in marriage of a man and a woman. To analyze the breakdown of the traditional family, documentary review was necessary as a method in addition to the participant observation technique with the aim of establishing comparisons from modernity. Changes were meant in the institution of marriage from the comparison with the postmodern family as a consequence of transformations in the social paradigms that have occurred in recent years that include the legalization of gay unions, the increase in single-parent families, the debate on the abortion, the role and insertion of women in the workplace.

Citizen education has as its central objective the promotion of civic and citizen values revealed in the behavioral manifestations of children, adolescents and young people. It is the education for citizen life in the educational context, of the pedagogical training students an imperative from achieving qualities and modes of action in accordance with the ethical principles of the socialist society, citizen training covers the behavior of man in a general way not only in their future pedagogical work but also in their attitudes and feelings towards life, society, nature, work, study, art, towards their own creative activity and that of their peers. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used in the research. We reflect on citizenship education in students of pedagogical careers because once they graduate they have to contribute in the same way in the citizenship, Moorish, formal education of their students.

Reading written material in English is an elementary condition for the construction and development of knowledge in the academic field. However, the significant advance of this ability has had its setbacks due to the fact that the student does not apply metacognitive strategies in an adequate and contextualized manner. In addition, it does not make critical and reflective interpretations of its social reality, which results in a weakened or decontextualized cognitive and social construction of knowledge. Reading is interpreted as a sociocognitive activity for which it is necessary to analyze cognitive theories about prior knowledge schemes and also social theories referring to the importance of dialogue, interaction and the negotiation of meanings when interacting. with the text, as well as other readers who share the activity of interpretation and understanding of said text. In the present work, we reflect on sociocognitive strategies for approaching reading in English in basic training courses for university students.

O presente artigo apresenta uma caracterização dos discursos referentes aos índios, em pauta no século XIX. Tais discursos trazem em seu cerne a figura do índio como uma das principais inquietações sobre a constituição da população brasileira. Foram abordadas as falas de alguns proeminentes intelectuais do século XIX, no intuito de situar o leitor em relação aos debates que eram travados durante o momento cronológico de 1845 a 1867, antes da popularização das ideias ligadas ao darwinismo social e à eugenia, na década de 1870. Entre os intelectuais trabalhados, foi abordada a monografia de Carl Philipp von Martius, premiada por definir as bases para a escrita da História do Brasil. Em seguida, o discurso de Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen, caracterizado por uma crítica ao movimento indianista que tentava eleger o nativo brasileiro como representante da nacionalidade brasileira. Além desses, ainda João Francisco Lisboa, que apresentou um discurso flutuante, que, inicialmente, mostrou-se crítico aos índios, classificando-os como bárbaros e, posteriormente, transmutou-se para uma fala que admitia a ação predatória do colonizador sobre os primeiros habitantes do Brasil. O termo discurso foi aqui empregado considerando que Pierre Bourdieu afirma que a língua não é apenas um sistema de comunicação, mas uma remissão ao estabelecimento de uma ideologia que demarca uma ideia dominante. Existindo assim uma noção de linguagem autorizada que defende a existência daqueles que têm legitimidade para expressar discursos e esses indivíduos são reconhecidos como portadores de uma fala legítima. Os símbolos linguísticos ultrapassam a função de comunicação. O seu uso passa a ser a forma de se estabelecer sistemas simbólicos que preenchem as consciências coletivas[1] e contribuem para o estabelecimento e a reprodução da ordem social.   [1] “Consciências coletivas” ou “consciências comuns” é um conceito produzido por Émile Durkheim, e que se refere ao conjunto de sentimentos comuns à maioria dos indivíduos pertencentes a um determinado grupo. A consciência coletiva existe independentemente dos indivíduos e se espalha de maneira difusa, em todas direções possíveis, e não se modifica de geração em geração (DURKHEIM, 1979, p. 40).  

Este texto vai tratar das relações entre os indígenas e os principais empreendimentos comerciais do norte de Minas Gerais e o sul da Bahia focando na disputa entre os rios Mucuri e Jequitinhonha, na segunda metade do século XIX. O território analisado foi palco de rivalidades de dois grandes projetos estatais/particulares, o encabeçado pela Bahia: navegação do Jequitinhonha e o coordenado pelos Ottoni: navegação do Mucuri. Conceder a ocupação desse território a particulares constituiu-se enquanto uma manobra do governo imperial para sua consolidação nas fronteiras. As empresas fomentadas com dinheiro público deveriam desbravar as matas, “pacificar” os índios e tornar as terras produto de mercado. No bojo dessa conjuntura, os diversos grupos indígenas enfrentavam os percalços dos aldeamentos, assim como dos empreendimentos erguidos em suas aldeias.