Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Los Parques Científicos y/o Tecnológicos son actualmente uno de los espacios más importantes donde existe y se promueve el desarrollo de la ciencia y la tecnología. En el mundo la mayoría de los mismos son promovidos por universidades, donde tanto lo académico como lo investigativo es primordial. El presente trabajo supone la realización de un análisis de las principales definiciones, terminologías y modelos de parques que existen, así como analizar diferentes experiencias en el desarrollo de parques científicos y/o tecnológicos a nivel internacional, e identificar los principales elementos a tener en cuenta por Cuba en el futuro para desarrollar un parque científico y/o tecnológico en la Universidad de La Habana. English abstract Science and Technology (S&T) Parks are currently one of the main locations where the scientific and technology development exists and are promoted. In the world, most of these are promoted by universities, where both academic and research aspects are paramount. This article involves carrying out an analysis of: (i) the main definitions, terminologies and models of parks that exist; (ii) different experiences in the development of a S&T Parks at the international level; (iii) and identify the main elements to be taken into account by Cuba in the future to develop a S&T Park at the University of Havana.

Introduction. CIGB-300 is an antitumor peptide that inhibits the CK2-mediated phosphorylation by direct targeting of substrates. This paper aims to describe breakthroughs about the CIGB-300 antineoplastic mechanism related to the inhibition of CK2-mediated phosphorylation and the synergism with anticancer drugs.Methods. CK2 phosphorylation assays were performed with catalytic CK2α subunit or the CK2 holoenzyme in presence or not of CIGB-300. CIGB-300/CK2 interaction was verified by pull-down experiments, in situ colocalization and phosphoproteomic analysis of CIGB-300-treated lung cancer cells were also performed. Synergism of the peptide with anticancer drugs was evaluated in vitro and for Cisplatin; it was also tested in vivo. Besides, comparative proteomics of CIGB-300 combined with Cisplatin was conducted. Results. CIGB-300 targeted the CK2α subunit and inhibited the enzymatic activity of the holoenzyme in different experimental settings. Likewise, phosphoproteomic and Western Blot analysis allowed for knowing the early CK2 inhibition profile elicited by CIGB-300 at 10 and 30 minutes of treatment. Moreover, CIGB-300 did synergize with chemotherapeutics and EGFR inhibitors, and molecular events that reportedly support such synergistic interactions were also known. Conclusions. CIGB-300 inhibits the CK2-mediated phosphorylation by using an alternative mechanism of direct interaction with the enzyme itself. Besides, CIGB-300 synergizes with chemotherapeutics and EGFR inhibitors by modulating different proteins related to drug resistance.

Introduction. The relevance of neurosciences research for promoting child development is recognized worldwide by policy makers, teachers and parents. However, it is essential that this highly specialized knowledge be interpreted and translated into concrete strategies and instruments to be applied at school, at home, and in specialized care settings for children with neurodevelopmental disorders (TND). Methods. A selection of the main results of neurodevelopment research is presented, published by the Cuban Neurosciences Center (CNEURO) in peer-reviewed journals. Results and Discussion.Behavioral and neuroimaging studies of the neurocognitive foundations of learning processes and academic achievement allowed for identifying risk indicators for TND and supporting the design of instruments for early detection, cognitive profiling and individualized attention of children. It is concluded that the results demonstrate the process of translation and application of scientific evidence into instruments and strategies for the protection of the nation’s mental capital and its integration into national health and education programs dedicated to early child care and education.

Introduction. This study shows time behaviors of the active and accumulative cases during the second and third COVID-19 epidemic reappearances for Santiago de Cuba province (November 1, 2020 to September 29, 2021). The parameter values of this model are reported at different time instant of this period and shown those reported in the first COVID-19 epidemic wave in this province. Methods. Unlike of this first epidemic wave, the estimation of model parameters confirms that these two epidemic waves characterize by a high virus transmission and individual mobility, and low risk perception, social responsibility and effectiveness of implemented governmental actions.Results It is concluded that this model and Bayesian algorithms describe official data reported by the Ministry of Public Health of the Republic of Cuba for the Santiago de Cuba province and it constitutes a useful tool to take decisions by the Provincial Defense Council and Provincial Office of Public Health. The risk perception and social responsibility of individuals influence markedly in the attenuation/increase of COVID-19 transmission.

Introduction. The monitoring of cardiorespiratory signals (acquisition, processing and analysis) in different scenarios facilitates the diagnosis but faces the loss of information due to disturbances and the lack of robust processing and analysis methods. In this research, we used 3 cardiorespiratory signals: electrocardiogram (ECG), phonocardiogram (PCG) and seismocardiogram (SCG), and their corresponding time series. Methods: We characterized the source of disturbances and the performance of ECG processing and analysis methods using international and in-house databases. Twenty-one novel approaches were proposed and evaluated with 1 or more of the aforementioned signals. Moreover, we presented 4 tools that showcase the practical contribution. Results: The 6 findings derived from the characterization suggest how to extract meaningful information from the electrocardiographic signal. The proposed methods performed similarly or better than the state-of-the-art and proved to be robust to disturbances in the signals and in their time series. This opens new alternatives to avoid errors during the processing. These innovative monitoring tools allow for ubiquitous, reliable, friendly, fast, and robust diagnosis in presence of disturbances in the signals and in their time series. As some conclusions was the obtained findings, methods and tools improve the diagnosis and life quality of the patients by using portable, non-invasive, safe, reusable, non-polluting, easily generalized and low-cost devices. This allows for extending and enhancing cardiology services in Cuba.

Introduction. Important agricultural losses are associated with poor phytosanitary seeds quality used and the products deterioration during postharvest. The water scarcity for irrigation limits agricultural development programs. Ozone use can become an environmentally friendly and economically feasible alternative for products treatment for human consumption and domestic wastewater recovery. Methods. Reactors allowing for the safe and efficient ozone application according to the specific objectives were designed and approved. Ozone doses were evaluated, both in atmospheres and aqueous solution, and the necessary timing in each of the cases under study. Results and Discussion. Methodologies were established for the plant seeds treatment as well as explants of yam and taro that allow for disinfection, sanitation and the enhancement of their germination capacity. Also for chambers and biotechnological flasks disinfection. A procedure for domestic wastewater recovery was standardized. Methodologies were established for tomato and papaya postharvest benefit. It is concluded that the application of ozone leads to methodologies economically feasible, with shorter time consumption, improved product quality, and lower storage costs. At the same time, they are environmentally friendly due to the substitution of chemical contaminant agents.

Introduction. The purpose of this paper is to find a solution to the existing problem in helicopter rotors, due to the demand in the country for spare parts (diaphragm and rubber protector) for their proper functioning, for which a new elastomeric material is developed with the appropriate physical-chemical and mechanical properties for the manufacture of said parts, through a technology that is feasible from a technical, economic, safety and environmental point of view. Methods. Experimental tests are performed using a special cubic centroid-simplex-type mixing design of experiments, ten formulations are studied and eight properties are evaluated, including statistical analysis of the results. An empirical phenomenological model is used for the kinetic study of the vulcanization reaction. Scientific methods of analysis are used. Results. The simplex-special cubic centroid type mixture design permitted the characterization of the influence of TMTD, zinc-aluminum oxide and durez resin, on the properties evaluated. The kinetics of the vulcanization reaction allowed for evaluating the degree of cure of the new material obtained as a function of time, thus obtaining the parameters (k) and (n) that correspond to the speed and the order of the reaction respectively. As some conclusions was the studies of the formulations show the feasibility of the use of Zinc-Aluminum Oxide as they have a positive influence on the properties of rubber mixtures. The model proposed by Kamal-Sourour is adequate to describe the evolution of the curing process. The rheometric curve showed excellent stabilization over time, which results in a good conservation of the properties in practice.

Introduction. the titanic work of Dr. Fermín Valdés Domínguez to publicize the truth about the execution of the medical students is known. In 1897, Fermín wrote an open letter where other evidence appears in defense of his schoolmates. Methods. A qualitative methodology was followed, using historical-logical and documentary analysis as theoretical methods. Relevant information on the subject was consulted in primary, secondary and tertiary sources. The so-called campaign literature was consulted, mainly newspapers. Results. The letter, although it is not unpublished material, the fact that it was released for the first time in a newspaper published in the deep forest and later in a daily newspaper, a context in which its importance was not highlighted, makes it a valuable document to contribute other elements in favor of those young people who found death under the clutches of the Spanish metropolis. Despite being in the midst of war, upon learning of the publication of a book by Tesifonte Gallego, a Spanish writer, Fermín lashes out with strength and, above all, with convincing arguments, against the Iberian writer’s lies. As a conclusion, this letter from Fermín is a reliable example of his constant concern for the vindication of his schoolmates. Fermín was, without a doubt, the greatest representative of a generation of worthy Cubans who, for many years, worked intensely so that the historical truth about this sad event of November 1871 could be known. This epistle contributes to shed more light on the heroic pedestal of the murdered youth.

Introduction. In this research, an analysis of the potentialities and applicability of the main open source statistical analysis tools, existing so far in the field of scientific research, was carried out, in order to contribute to promoting their use by Cuban researchers. Methods. A literature review was carried out; the synthetic analytical method and the logical historical one, as well as theoretical triangulation and documentary analysis were used as scientific methods. Results and Discussion. A result was that there is scarce use of free solutions for statistical analysis in scientific research published by Cuban authors in journals of Scielo Cuba catalog during the period 2015-2020. A comparative analysis of the free solutions GNU/Octave, GNU-PSPP, the computer environment R, and the commercial tool IBM SPSS was carried out, which evidenced the viability and superiority of the R environment for the statistical treatment of data and its graphic representation in scientific research.

Introduction. CIGB-258 is a peptide, whose mechanism of action has been associated with the inhibition of inflammation. This paper aims to demonstrate that CIGB-258 reduces hyperinflammation in COVID-19 patients. Methods. Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution profiles of the peptide labeled with iodine 125 [125I] were studied in Lewis rats. Thirteen critical COVID-19 patients and nine severe ones were included and treated, according to the protocol established (RPCEC00000313). Serum samples were obtained before and after treatment with CIGB-258, for the determination of biomarkers of inflammation. Results. Maximum concentration of peptide in blood from rats was at 0,5 to 1 h; and the half-life (t½) was calculated to be 6,3 to 6,9 hours. 48 h after the treatment with CIGB-258, clinical, radiological, and ventilation improvement was observed in all patients. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels significantly decreased after 72 h. CRP levels were inversely associated with oxygen uptake efficiency in the mechanical ventilation cohort in critical patients. Laboratory tests associated with hyperinflammation included white blood cell count with differential, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase and calprotectin, which were gradually normalized. CIGB-258 led to a significant reduction of IL-6, TNF α and IL-10. Conclusion: CIGB-258 induced a clinical and radiological improvement in the patients, according with its pharmacokinetic and biodistribution profile. This improvement was associated with a decrease in biomarkers of systemic inflammation.