Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The Fortunes and Misfortunes of an Engraver. The Professional Life of Manuel López López and the Lawsuits Brought Against Him. López López (1773-ca. 1840) a partir de demandas judiciales inéditas. Se esboza, primero, su historia como alumno pensionado de la Real Academia de las Tres Nobles Artes de San Carlos, y se resumen sus trabajos tempranos. Después, se toman los documentos de demandas judiciales para trazar el desarrollo y la caída de su imprenta dentro del ambien-te económico y social de México a finales del virreinato. Por último, se transcriben un inventario de láminas grabadas en la imprenta de López López y un informe financiero del negocio en 1820 que aparece en el apéndice documental.

Este reporte de investigación sostiene que las prácticas artísticas basadas en la estética conectiva destacan la dimensión ética de la estética como fundamento filosófico del arte y muestran su capacidad transformadora hacia una sociedad más madura y solidaria, pues al desvincularse de las dinámicas de producción y consumo, el arte actúa como resistencia contra estos procesos homogeneizadores. Se presenta un caso de estudio que, junto con los comentarios de las personas participantes, revelacómo el arte puede tender un puente que conecta nuestra responsabilidad con el ámbito jurídico.

In mature oil-producing basins, managing water resources presents challenges due to the potential of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques to counteract reservoir depletion. The water sources in production systems, whether from naturally infiltrated meteoric water, connate formation water, or fluids derived from EOR, add complexities to the isotopic and geochemical signatures of groundwater in reservoir fluids. The present study reports new data on the isotopic and chemical composition of groundwater associated with Oligocene Mugrosa Formation reservoirs in the Middle Magdalena Basin (MMB), Colombia. This research integrates conventional hydrochemical parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, and major ion composition), stable isotope data (δ18O and δ2H), and radiogenic isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr). The water samples were collected from production wells with selective completions in operational levels (depths ranging from ~800 to 1,950 m) of the Mugrosa Formation across fields P1-P6, ensuring samples representative of the targeted reservoir intervals. These water samples are unaffected by EOR operations, thereby providing data that reflect the natural, undisturbed conditions of the reservoirs. Ionic and isotopic analyses indicate interaction between meteoric and connate waters within the MMB. Meteoric waters, which are chemically less evolved and isotopically depleted in δ18O and δ2H, exhibit short relative residence times in the system and are primarily present along the eastern part of the basin, particularly in the eastern flank of the Nuevo Mundo Syncline. In contrast, connate waters are characterized by longer relative residence times, more evolved chemical compositions, and isotopic enrichment in δ18O and δ2H. These latter samples are located on the western flank of the Peña de Oro Syncline and in proximity to the Arrugas and Casabe thrust faults. This study suggests that groundwater in the MMB originates from two primary sources: 1) infiltration of meteoric water, and 2) upward migration of deep saline waters derived from Cretaceous formations. Meteoric water infiltrates along the eastern basin margin and migrates through the Mugrosa Formation, where water-rock interactions progressively alter their chemical composition, most notably increasing sodium, calcium, and potassium concentrations. Connate waters from underlying Cretaceous formations ascend along reverse fault planes, mixing with meteoric waters and modifying their chemical and isotopic signatures. This mixing results in elevated chloride concentrations and an enrichment in δ18O relative to local meteoric water values.

In arid regions, the hydrological evolution of high mountains is a matter of concern under current climate forcing and increasing freshwater demand. Mountain surface hydrology is key for water storage and release and determines the amount and quality of freshwater supply for downstream ecosystems, so predicting their evolution under climate change scenarios requires detailed spatial data on subsurface hydrodynamic properties.In the present contribution, a semi-direct characterization of periglacial areas and permafrost zonation was carried out along an altitudinal transect at the Ojos del Salado massif (27°06’ S; 68°32’ W) between 4,550 and 5,830 m a.s.l. by integrating geophysics (electrical resistivity tomography; ERT) and decade-long surface temperature datasets. ERT data evidence a permafrost altitudinal gradient from a negative control at 4,550 m a.s.l. up to consistent (>100 kΩm) permafrost-related resistivities above 5,260 m a.s.l. These resistivity structures are assumed to act as confining layers, accounting for thicknesses of 8 and 25 m at the Atacama (5,260 m a.s.l.) and Tejos (5,830 m a.s.l.) sites, respectively. The geophysically determined permafrost distribution is coherent with temperature-based Frost number estimates at all sites surveyed.The results presented here are required for aquifer parameterization under short- and mid-term hydrological connectivity changes, being therefore relevant for a better understanding of groundwater storage dynamics upon permafrost degradation in arid regions.

The sedimentary record of the continental margin of Lima, Peru (77°01’ W, 12°10’ S) plays a significant role in understanding the regional geology given its location along the westernmost part of a siliciclastic platform developed during the Early Cretaceous, prior to the Andean orogeny. In this contribution, the mineral composition of 20 samples of litho-quartzose sandstones and quartzose sandstones from the Salto del Fraile, La Herradura, and Marcavilca formations of the Morro Solar Group (Upper Berriasian-Valanginian) is examined by using the Gazzi-Dickinson method to shed light into sediment provenance. Results reveal that the sediments of the Morro Solar Group accumulated after the exhumation of a recycled orogen located in the Eastern Cordillera, which includes the Marañón Metamorphic Complex. This orogen is interpreted to be composed of sedimentary and volcanic rocks of Paleozoic and Triassic age. A minor provenance of metamorphic Precambrian rocks from the Amazon Craton is not totally discarded.

The Abitagua Batholith is a Mid to Late Jurassic intrusive body in the Sub-Andean Zone of Ecuador. This batholith is theorized to be the source of alluvial gold in the Amazon rivers that drain from it, although due to its difficult access and location along protected areas it remains largely unexplored. This work aims to study the Abitagua Batholith using seismic velocity models that provide absolute and relative P-wave velocity and Vp/Vs ratios based on the inversion of the earthquake travel-time data recorded by the Ecuadorian survey networks RENSIG, RENAC, and ROVIG, and some stations of the Colombian Geological Service near the border with Ecuador. We use the absolute and relative P-wave velocity tomography models to describe the batholith’s vertical and horizontal components. The resolution in our velocity models displays values larger than 0.8 and cover all the crust and the upper mantle to depths of seventy kilometers. We identify two velocity anomalies, possibly associated with magmatic reservoirs under the batholith that, together with hypocenter data, suggest more recent magma intrusions. We conclude that these magmatic bodies relate to potential gold-bearing intrusions, which seem to concentrate near the transition zone between the negative and positive velocity anomalies, five kilometers north of the Jatunyaku River.

This study explores the relationship between magnetometry and thermodynamics in heat transfer within the Earth’s crust in central Chile. The radially averaged power spectrum analysis of magnetic data was used to determine the Courie point depth, from the city of La Serena (~30° S) to San Fernando (~34.5° S), and from the Andes Mountains (~70.5° W) to approximately 82° W. Offshore, the Curie isotherm shows an average depth of 22 km and is tentatively correlated with the Juan Fernández Ridge. Inland, significant differences are observed; on the one hand, the Curie isotherm reaches shallower depths, averaging 12 km from Ovalle to Illapel; on the other hand, a deeper zone, at approximately 39 km depth, is identified northeast of Valparaíso. An empirical equation is then employed to calculate the thermal conductivity of the rocks and determine the geothermal heat flow. The average geothermal gradient in the continental region of central Chile is 20 °C/km, with a maximum of 45 °C/km in the locality of Canela. In the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, the average heat flow is 50 mW/m², with a maximum of 57 mW/m² in the commune of Paine. The results obtained are consistent with a previous radiogenic study in the Santiago basin, suggesting that the method used in this research constitutes a novel technique that can be replicated to other regions of the country. The information provided in this contribution can be utilized for the design of geothermal energy systems and to improve the understanding of geological processes in the region.

The Albatross Hill Member is an Early Cretaceous volcanic and volcaniclastic succession, which overlays the sedimentary rocks of the Pencil Beach Member and together constrain the Cape Wallace Beds in Low Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica (63°15’ S, 62°12’ W). Along with other coeval volcanic units present in nearby Livingston Island, the Albatross Hill Member represents the first products of the magmatic arc after its resumption during the Cretaceous. The Albatross Hill Member is dominated by dacites with a widespread occurrence of secondary minerals, of which the latter occur partially replacing phenocrysts, filling veins and veinlets and, to a lesser degree, in the groundmass/matrix. 40Ar/39Ar analyses on plagioclase phenocrysts from two biotite dacites yield plateau ages between ~111 and 109 Ma, which are ~31 to 26 Myr younger than the 40Ar/39Ar groundmass plateau ages for the same samples. We suggest that this difference is associated with the presence of secondary minerals, which greatly affected the phenocrysts of the sequence and disturbed the 40Ar/39Ar analyses.

BACKGROUND: Surgical resection remains the cornerstone for the curative treatment of malignant tumors, such as pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Pancreaticoduodenectomy with vascular reconstruction is a promising approach for tumors invading the portomesenteric vein, and an aggressive surgical approach can improve survival in the mid- and long terms. Thus, vascular surgeons have an increasing role in these surgeries. Therefore, we describe our recent and initial experience and efforts to grow as a true team to offer a better and more systematic response to these patients.   CASE REPORTS: We present two cases of 68 and 69-year-old female patients, both with pancreatic head adenocarcinoma. In the first case, during the pancreaticoduodenectomy, a 4 cm long involvement of the portomesenteric vein in 50% of its circumference was denoted. The choice for reconstruction after tumor resection was a primary repair with a Dacron patch. In the second case, the resection was programmed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and a circumferential involvement of the portomesenteric vein in a long extension was observed, requiring an extensive venous reconstruction with an interposition graft (Dacron - 8mm) with splenic vein reimplantation. In both cases, disease-free margins were achieved, and no mortality was registered within 30 days after surgery.   CONCLUSIONS: With these two initial cases, we concluded that good results can be achieved. Our center's team is working to preoperatively delineate our strategy for treating these complex patients, choosing optimal vascular reconstructive options tailored to each patient. Recently, a bovine pericardium patch became available in our institution, which is a good alternative to avoid additional operative time and reduce the infection risk associated with synthetic material use.

BACKGROUND: We present an uncommon case of open surgical treatment of an impacting extra-cranial internal carotid artery aneurysm in a 65-year-old female patient which represented the tip of a large iceberg, in this case, presence of a connective tissue disorder (CTD). CASE REPORT: Data regarding medical and family history were collected. The patient was referred to our institution due to left latero-cervical mass. Computed tomography angiography showed a large saccular aneurysm of the left internal carotid artery. Open surgical treatment was performed by aneurysmorrhaphy and end-to-end anastomosis. A section of the carotid aneurysmal wall was sent for histological investigation. The patient was discharged with no neurological issues or cranial nerve injuries. Histological examination of the tissue revealed morphological findings suggestive of a severe degenerative disease. CONCLUSION: The successful treatment for extracranial carotid artery aneurysm (ECAA) is determined by the carotid artery anatomy and aneurysm properties. The need for early diagnosis and extensive examination in patients with ECAA, as well as clinical suspicion of CTD, plays a crucial role in identifying individuals at risk and guiding optimal management strategies and follow-up.