Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In this essay, written in the week of his electoral triumph, we analyze some of the challenges that the new President of the Federative Republic of Brazil, Luís Inácio Lula da Silva, will face from January 1, 2023

The methodology in the seismic design of slopes has evolved with technological advancement and the development of geotechnical engineering. Since methods with great limitations such as pseudo-static analysis to rigorous methods that require a lot of information for a better understanding of the behavior of the soil such as the dynamic analysis.  This article develops the procedure, comparison, and application of methods for estimating seismic displacements, which are the Newmark (1965), Sarma (1975), Makdisi & Seed (1978) and Bray, Macedo & Travasarou (2018). Each of these methods considering the criteria of each one to obtain permanent displacements, such as yield acceleration, degraded period, spectral acceleration, magnitude, etc.  As an applicative case, a rockfill dam and core central 50 m high placed in sandstone strata and moraine deposits interspersed with shale intrusions is shown, as seismic scenarios the Lima 1974 earthquake, the Attic 2001 earthquake and the earthquake were used. of Pisco 2007, considering both NS and EW directions. Likewise, the response spectrum on the base of the failure surface, resulting from a nonlinear seismic response analysis from 3 columns in the dam, is considered as information. The methods of Newmark (1965), Sarma (1975), Makdisi & Seed (1978), and Bray, Macedo & Travasarou (2018) were applied, obtaining deformation results between 1 to 30 cm that according to their order of magnitude represent a stable condition for the dam.

This paper presents a new optimization technique for simultaneous tuning of the parameters into the controllers associated with the control voltage oscillation and damping in synchronous generators. The parameters of the Automatic Voltage Regulator - AVR and the Power System Stabilizer – PSS are optimized thought a modification proposed in the Modified Particle Swarm Optimization technique (called MPSO - Modified Particle Swarm Optimization). To analyze the performance of the controllers, an objective function was used, based on system time response to a variation in the reference voltage of the machine. The parameters obtained for AVR and PSS are compared with the values ​​calculated by the conventional adjustment technique and by the MPSO technique. The results of the simulation show that the technique proposed was efficient in tuning the AVR and PSS parameters, highlighting its simplicity, low computational strength and good convergence characteristics.

The objective of the study is to test the effectiveness of a theoretical-practical guide as a learning object for virtual environments in the realization of Research Projects (PI) as a learning object for virtual environments in the Research Methodology course of the Faculty of Education of a university in Metropolitan Lima, Peru. The research is based on the studies of Gómez et al. (2020), Hernández-Sampieri and Mendoza (2018), Pástor et al. (2020), Peiris et al. (2018), Pérez-Fuentes (2019), Pilozo-Cedeño (2016) among others. The research has a quasi-experimental design. The population is constituted by 358 students and the study units were ninety students corresponding to the referred course of sections: 421 and 422. The study of the realization of the IPs is developed with the dimensions' contextualization of the problem, theoretical foundation, and methodology. The variations in the constitution of the dimensions with their respective indicators, after the application of the designed guide, proving to great extent discrepancies among them due to the fact that the computerized t statistic is found to be related to significance values lower than 0,01. Therefore, the theoretical-practical guide is proposed as a learning object for virtual environments as a basis for the realization of the PIs; since this guide optimizes the knowledge of what is going to be done, optimizes communication, promotes motivation, allows better use of resources, manifests the vision and students mission, and has achieved significant progress in the development of research projects of the referred course's students.

The research objective was to analyze the practice of interculturality in Peruvian public administration in contexts of native communities, such as Quechuas, Aymaras, Shipibos, and others, in times of COVID-19. In which the inhabitants of native cultures identify with a State that discriminates against them, they feel abandoned because the health and education services they receive from public and private institutions are only in Spanish due to a lack of knowledge of native languages by care staff. Considering the contributions of Méndez Reyes (2021) and Finol Romero (2021), intercultural contexts demand the practice of decolonial thinking that effectively incorporates the culture, politics, and values of indigenous peoples; likewise, the implementation of quality of service in an open government model. The method used was the systematic review according to the suggested procedures of the PRISMA model. 130 research articles-documents and the selection of 70 articles-documents were consulted based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of PRISMA method to support the reflective critical analysis of the subject through foundations, comparisons, and contextualizations in different spaces of Peru, framed in a rule of law with institutions that have the purpose of solving the national problem. The results showed that interculturality is endorsed by laws, directives, and municipal ordinances; however, to date the required implementation has not been achieved in the contexts of indigenous peoples. The most relevant conclusion is that the public administration in Peru does not apply the current intercultural regulations in times of COVID-19 and the native population demands public policies that include bilingual services in a multicultural-multilingual Peru.

There is still a need to conduct scientific research to improve the psychosocial and pathological characteristics understanding of adolescent students with motor disabilities. This research aims to estimate the factors of sex, age, severity, and cause of physical disability prevalence concerning the psychosocial characteristics of adolescents with a motor deficiency in Manabí in Ecuador. The sample is integrated for 100 students reporting ages between 11 to 19 years old, female and male, all diagnosed with varying degrees of motor disability. During the 2018-2020 period, measurement instruments were administered that made it possible to determine that female participants perform more self-control behaviors but have more social anxiety than males. They have higher perceptions of emotional support, love, and affection. They reported more significant participation in victimization, aggression, and aggressive victimization. The group between 16 and 18 showed a more remarkable level of perseverance, and the group between 11 and 13 presented a higher level of victimization. It concluded that the participants with severe motor disabilities reported higher self-esteem levels, and those with mild disabilities presented more somatization and anxiety in the face of daily events on campus.

This study aims to identify the difficulties that arise in the research process for the completion of degree projects to encourage, improve and guide the said process in universities. To achieve this, relying on the authors Colás Bravo and Hernández de la Rosa (2021), along with Rojas Betancur and Méndez Villamizar (2017), among others. The approach was quantitative, with a neopositivist paradigm, descriptive type research, with a non-experimental transectional and field design. A Likert-type scale questionnaire, with 34 items, was applied to the census sample of 50 undergraduate students from the Rafael Urdaneta University and the University of Zulia, validated with expert judgment and reliability of 0.827 through the alpha cronbach coefficient, highly reliable for your application. Data analysis was performed with descriptive statistics, using frequencies and measures of central tendency (mean and mode). After the analysis, the results indicated that personal, economic, institutional, and methodological factors affect the research process to prepare the degree work; Among the results found is that 64.0% can almost always write their degree project, while 16% almost never. Regarding the economic factor, a percentage of 22.0% almost never have the economic resources to carry out their degree work. In addition, it must be added that the students presented difficulties identified in the stages of planning, organization, execution, and dissemination of the same, where 56.0% almost always take into account the stage of organization in the degree work, and 38. 0% hardly ever take it into account. Given this, some guidelines are proposed to reduce the difficulties in carrying out the degree work.

This research aims to diagnose compliance with the minimum occupational health and safety standards and to measure the level of sustainability implementation in a hotel industry in Cartagena, Colombia. A descriptive and applied research was developed following the criteria of current Colombian legislation on occupational health and safety in accordance with the provisions of resolution 312 (Ministry of Labor, 2019), implementing minimum occupational safety and health standards; In addition, the checklist for the Implementation of the Sectoral Technical Standard for Sustainable Tourism NTS-TS 002, version 2014 mentioned by Mejía and Ortiz (2020), It is noteworthy that of the hotels that were diagnosed with compliance with minimum standards, only 30% are in acceptable condition, 10% are in moderately acceptable condition and 60% are in critical condition, requiring urgent improvement actions; on the other hand, in terms of sustainability, biases were found in each of the dimensions, related to the organization and fragmentation of the concept of sustainability in companies. The knowledge of these biases allows to strengthen their approach, as well as to define the strategies to be adopted to achieve a balance of development between the three dimensions and a true maturity of companies in the face of sustainability.