Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This communication aims to contrast the most relevant innovations that Regulation (EU) nº. 2019/1111 introduces concerning the relationship with the 1980 Hague Convention, and the Spanish rules on the issue. We focus firstly on the normative interaction by analysing material, terri torial, personal and temporal scope. Followingly, it is analysed the interaction around the concept of international child abduction and its principal components, like the illegal transfer or removal, the rights of custody and the habitual residence. Finally, we evaluate the Spanish legislation in force by means of a contrast with the rules contained on Chapter III of the Regulation, enshrined to complement the return procedure. From this analysis, we conclude that the new Regulation enhances the previous legal framework, even it must be pointed that the Spanish legislator had already considered most of those new measures in our national legal system.

El presente trabajo explicará los extremos más relevantes acerca de la exigencia de declaración de idoneidad en las adopciones internacionales, en particular, por lo que respecta a su eficacia en nuestro país y a su inscripción en el Registro Civil Español. Este análisis ayudará a entender la postura de la Dirección General de Seguridad Jurídica y Fe Pública, que en su Resolución (51ª) de 8 de febrero de 2021**, deniega la solicitud de inscripción en el RCE de una adopción constituida en Guinea Ecuatorial respecto de un menor nacional y residente en dicho país, con fundamento en el art.26.3 LAI, al rechazar la Entidad Pública la expedición de certificado de idoneidad de los adoptantes.

Instada la ejecución en España de una sentencia condenatoria dictada en rebeldía en los Países Bajos, el demandado se opone a dicha ejecución alegando tres motivos: la falta de notificación del certificado previsto en el artículo 53 del Reglamento Bruselas I Bis antes de haberse adoptado la primera medida de ejecución; la falta de notificación de la sentencia con anterioridad a instarse su ejecución; y, la interposición de un recurso frente a la sentencia en el Estado de origen.

This case reflects how Chinese notaries and French notaries cooperate to provide highquality legal services for the parties in the background of global epidemic.

The purpose of this work is to analyze the main developments of Regulation 2019/1111 (RBII ter) in relation to Regulation 2201/2003 (RBII bis) and the existing relationship with the other two Conventions of the Hague Conference, the of 1980 and that of 1996. To do this, the scope of material effectiveness is explained, focusing on the notions of custody and parental responsibility in the different instruments. In addition, in line with the introduction of new jurisdiction criteria in the RBII ter se with respect to the CH 1996, the existing relationship with the Regulation is explained, as well as the possibility of choosing a forum of third States as stipulated in art. 97 of the RBII ter. Regarding the CH of 1980, the incorporation and implementation of the cooperation instruments of authorities and the provision of art. 96 of the RBII ter. Finally, we reflect on the advances in this area and the use of mediation when there has been an abduction of childs.

The work of the CJEU has been particularly highlighted in relation both to the right to respect for private and family life (Art.7 CFEU) and to the freedom of movement and residence to which all citizens of the Union are entitled (Art.21 TFEU 2 and Art.45 CFEU), with regard to which the European Court has sought to provide an interpretation that guarantees the continuity of family relations in cross-border cases, as opposed to the limitations or restrictions established by the public authorities of each State. With this objective and with the purpose of encouraging the freedom of movement of all citizens of the Union and similar, the CJEU has interpreted principles such as non-discrimination on nationality (Art.18 TFEU and Art.21 CDFUE), completing the notion of European citizenship (Art.20 TFEU).

The image as a visual support of the lie, in parallel to its recognized capacity to constitute itself as evidence of the reality, has had a great social repercussion since its inception. This article aims to analyze the phenomenon of “fake news” in photojournalism and, specifically, in photography in the field of the mass media; very especially in the context of news agencies. The objective of the work has two aspects: on the one hand, to establish as an approximation, the tools and resources – taking into account their evolution – that have been used to construct false images from the moment of the invention of photography and, secondly, point out a possible typology of image manipulation according to the characteristics established, a common denominator, of the most prominent situations in the reference studies in the research carried out in this field. Criteria that will be applied to the study of a specific case, that of image manipulation in the Spanish Agency EFE. Work that shows the scarce photographic manipulation (photographic “fake news”) in the studied institution, allows to conclude the existence of quality in the agency’s photojournalistic information and confirms the social repercussion of the subjects of manipulation analyzed.

Search engines are the main point of access to the contents of websites. SEO is the practice aimed at increasing the quantity and quality of traffic to a website through organic search results from search engines. The SEO work seeks to satisfy certain ranking factors that are considered by search engine algorithms in ordering search results. In recent years, we have seen how these algorithms have been turning towards factors and signals aimed at prioritizing those results that best satisfy the search intent behind the keyword used, also offering the best possible user experience on the landing page. After a bibliographical analysis of the factors related to the analysis of the search intent and the factors related to the improvement of the user experience from an SEO point of view in the Google search engine, we identify a set of actions and strategies that can be implemented with the aim of improving the positioning of the pages of a website.

This article contains the content of the Letter sent by the President of the International Olympic Committee Thomas Bach sent in March from Lausanne (Switzerland) to the entire Olympic Community. In my closing speech the Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022, I expressed the hope that these political leaders would be inspired by the “example of solidarity and peace” having been set by the athletes. Just four days later all our hopes for Ukraine were shattered. The horrifying images and reports of the invasion of Ukraine by the Russian army shocked the world. On the one hand we have a heavy heart. On the other hand we have to keep a cool head to preserve our Olympic values that have withstood the test of time. The invasion has changed the world. The invasion has not changed our values. The invasion has strengthened our commitment to our values of peace, solidarity and non-discrimination in sport for whatever reason. Our guiding principle is peace. But we have had to learn once again the hard lessons that sport cannot create peace, and that decisions on war and peace are the exclusive remit of politics. To be at least a powerful symbol, to be an inspiring demonstration of a – maybe utopian – peaceful world, Olympic sport needs the participation of all the athletes who accept the rules, even and in particular if their countries in the “real” world are in confrontation or at war. This is our role: to provide a counter-example to war and division - not to accept, follow and deepen divisions among people. We must be united in the Olympic Movement; we must stand in solidarity together to achieve our unifying mission in all circumstances. For all these reasons we urge every sports organisation in the world to protect the integrity, fairness and safety of their competitions by not allowing Russian and Belarusian athletes to take part or in special circumstances to at least prohibit any identification of their nationality. In this context, we will continue to monitor the attitude of Russian or Belarusian athletes and their sports organisations concerning their commitment to peace as enshrined in the Olympic Charter. In doing so we will have to take the situation within Russia into account where, by law, an engagement for peace has been put under the sanction of imprisonment for up to 15 years. At the same time, we will strengthen our solidarity efforts with the Ukrainian Olympic Community. To make this assistance as efficient as possible we have not only established a solidarity fund, we have also called on our IOC Member Serguéi Bubka in his capacity as President of the NOC of Ukraine, to lead our efforts. His working group has already provided assistance to many of our Ukrainian Olympic friends through the 25 regional offices of the NOC and other NOC institutions. They are in contact with a number of NOCs whose countries have already accepted more than two million refugees.

The research work that supports this publication takes as its object of study to describe up to what extent Olympism and its ideology were present during the evolution of the sports and personal career of Eloísa Marcos Quintano, a Spanish gymnast in the 1960s and 1970s that took part in the Montreal 1976 Olympic Games.   The methodology of this work has been structured based on the document analysis of the Olympic Charter (2020 edition) by extracting the values that the Olympic ideology manifests implicit in that document, once contrasted the parallelism of this ideology with the conceptual scheme of the functions that physical activity and sport can fulfill, as published by Professor Juan L. Hernández Álvarez in Hernández-Álvarez y Velázquez-Buendía (1996). Using as a base line the result of the added documentary analysis, it has been elaborated the structure of a script of a semi-structured open interview (Hammer and Wildasky, 1990) based on the athlete Eloísa Marcos, was elaborated as a primary oral source. The protagonist of the events that we intended to bring back to light. The testimonial data collected in the interview were also collected with other documentary sources, mainly hemerographic.   As a result, the reflections and analyses of the role that sport played in Eloísa Marcos Quintano's career are presented based on the theoretical aspects that the Olympic Ideology intends to put in practice when it comes to its philosophy, as well as the analysis of what have been the functions that in its particular circumstance the sports activity has performed, among them the ones presented by Hernández-Álvarez y Velázquez-Buendía (1996).