Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The objectives of this article were to deepen in the experiences of fifteen retired female teachers during their health–illness process; to investigate how they value their state of health, what strategies they implemented, and what institutional support was received. The methodology used was the qualitative paradigm, with Heidegger´s phenomenological–hermeneutic approach, which proposes an interpretative phenomenology from the intersubjectivity between the researcher and the retired women, through semi-structured in-depth interviews.Among the main findings, it stands out that most of the interviewees did not seek medical attention when they were working and when they retired, they were diagnosed with diabetes, hypertension, and thyroid cancer, among others. Several teachers continue to work, stating that they still feel productive. UNAN University has policies to support all retired teachers. Most of them did not have a life project, being necessary for the university to have a support plan for women teachers in the pre-retirement stage. Therefore, there should be a health approach aimed at pre-retirees and retirees, promoting healthy lifestyles and biannual medical checkups, which will strengthen the line of research on the elderly.

This research has analyzed beliefs about solving mathematical problems. This is quantitative research based on an “Ex Post Facto” design where a scale of affective domain (beliefs, attitudes, and emotions) was provided to 118 women and men, primary school teachers from the Nicaraguan Caribbean Coast. The analyses suggest that teachers have positive beliefs that are manifested in factors such as confidence, security, perseverance, satisfaction, curiosity, liking, motivation, and usefulness to function successfully in solving mathematical problems. In addition, that beliefs about problem-solving do not differ according to age, gender, ethnicity, years of experience, and type of school (urban and rural). It is concluded that it is necessary to continue advancing in the processes of education and training of primary education teachers with a greater emphasis on the processes of resignification of experiences and mathematical practices contextualized to the communities.

Migration has always been present in human beings. From biblical times to the present. Hence, relying on sociological, philosophical, anthropological and literary studies we problematize, exemplify and have analyzed the main aspects that affect the migrant subject in La ciudad que te perdió novel, by the writer Carlos Carrión. Therefore, this article analyzes the representation of the migrant subject in the aforementioned novel. In order to carry out this study, we have used a qualitative research that, due to its scientific nature, will imply a great descriptive rigor of texts related to the subject of study. The analyzed categories of the aforesaid novel suggest that, according to the Europeanist vision, the Ecuadorian migrant subject, with the corresponding greed and severity, mistreats the migrant; in addition, they are seen as "inferior beings" without rights, propitious to mistreat and vilify them. This despite the many efforts to achieve a longed-for human equality, free of suffering and humiliation

For academic organization purposes, the thematic coverage of the Science and Interculturality Journal No. 30 includes the following sections with their articles: in the area of Education, four (4) articles; Gender and Interculturality, one (1); Natural Resources and Environment, one (1); Intercultural Health, one (1); Indigenous and Afro-descendant Culture, two (2); Social Sciences, one (1); Agriculture and Livestock, one (1).The results of these investigations contribute significantly to the innovative praxis of the community university related to Abya Yala or Latin America and the Caribbean; these inputs constitute an educational and communication means to share with the academic world of professors, researchers, and students, it is a critical and autonomous expression that points towards emancipation in an environment of the right of intercultural gender citizenship.

For purposes of academic organization, the thematic coverage of the magazine Science and Interculturality No. 31, of this volume, contemplates the following sections with their articles in the area of: Education (4); Intercultural Health (2); Social Sciences (2); Agricultural (2) and Indigenous and Afro-descendant Culture (1). The results of these investigations contribute significantly to the innovative praxis of the university community in the area of ​​Abya Yala or Latin America and the Caribbean; They constitute an educational and communication medium to share with the community of professors, researchers and students of the academic world, in a critical and autonomous expression that points towards emancipation in an environment of the right of intercultural gender citizenship

The objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of Trichoderma sp and Bacillus subtilis, a mixture of the two, and the chemical NATIVO® SC 300 for the management of black Sigatoka in Tola municipality, Rivas. Black Sigatoka is a disease caused by the fungus Mycosphaerella fijiensis, the most prevalent and destructive pathogen of Musaceae. Biological control techniques have been implemented to avoid contamination of water sources and adverse health effects due to the use of chemicals. In relation to the control of the disease, the bioformulation that presented the best results was the base mixture of Trichoderma sp plus Bacillus subtilis with 30.26% of severity, followed by the formulation of Trichoderma sp, with 34.45% and the chemical control NATIVO® SC 300 with 36.09% of severity, without presenting significant differences with the chemical and biological controls. The variables evaluated in this study were the percentage of incidence, severity, and Area Under the Disease Progress Curve of Sigatoka damage per plant. Among the main results, Mycosphaerella was identified as the main pathogenic agent of diseases associated with this crop in Rivas, Nicaragua. It was found that the prevalence and growth of the disease occurred during the dry season. It is demonstrated that the use of biological organisms to control the disease is as effective as chemical ones and safer for the environment and public health.

The University of the Autonomous Regions of the Nicaraguan Caribbean Coast (URACCAN) needed education spaces for students, a property known as Laboratorio Natural Jerusalén was acquired. The degradation of the forest, soil, and water resources, as a result of logging, slashing and burning to which it had been subjected, generated the idea of implementing a Life Plan that included ecological restoration. Almost 13 years after the beginning of this process, the decision was made to evaluate the progress in the consolidation of ecological restoration, using the 11 aspects proposed by Vargas et al. (2012).The information corresponding to the period between 2017 – 2021 was valued and through documentary review, a retrospective study was conducted and the data were processed using a checklist and statistical functions of Microsoft Excel. The study shows the willingness of URACCAN, to continue promoting and contributing to the protection of natural resources and love for Mother Earth, as well as continuing in a relevant way in the integral formation of the student body that is part of the university community, which includes, public health, food and nutritional security and sovereignty, protection and animal welfare that ensure biodiversity as the fundamental basis of life

The main objective of this study was to identify the main families of insects associated with avocados, as well as to calculate the diversity, abundance, richness, and population fluctuation of these. It was carried out from July to November 2019, on four avocado farms in Carazo. For the collection of insects, a trapping system was used, wherein each farm, it was placed free fall traps or Pitfall Trap, plastic containers of one gallon capacity with soap and molasses, and traps with alcoholic attractant, a total of nine traps were placed in three sites per farm, the collection of insects was done every 15 days, identifying the insects found by type of trap. As a result, 60 families of insects associated with the avocado crop were identified, the main ones being: Curculionidae, Nitidulidae, Formicidae, Noctuidae, Scarabaeidae, Bostrichidae, Phoridae, Staphylinidae, Drosophylidae, Apidae, Phycitidae and Calliphoridae. The family with the highest diversity index was Curculionidae, the total abundance of insects associated with the crop was 3560 in the entire sampling period and the highest population peaks for the families Curculionidae and Nitidulidae were found between the months of October and November when the flowering and fruiting of the crop occurs.

In the first quarter of 2022, the price of lemons reached retail prices never before recorded in the Mexican economy. Despite the fact that Mexico is the second largest producer of lemons internationally, a kilogram was sold for up to $120 Mexican pesos (approximately 6.00 US dollars) in popular markets and supermarkets. This situation caused anger in Mexican households because lemons, in addition to being part of the basic food basket, are the basis of many daily dishes and are commonly used to treat and cure various ailments and diseases. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to propose a hypothesis about the increase in the price of lemons in Mexico based on a mismatch between supply and demand. For this purpose, national statistics on production, consumption, and exports were reviewed to delimit this market mismatch. It is concluded that the preference of large producers to place their product in foreign markets that pay in dollars, as well as an unexpected boom in the consumption of lemons and their pharmaceutical derivatives to prevent and cure COVID-19 in the United States, are responsible for the market mismatch

The symbolic ritual organization of the native peoples has been deliberately ignored because the Western Civilizational Paradigm and its science considers it invalid.  In this sense, we have outlined the main objective of demonstrating that it is possible to recover a philosophical interpretation of the symbolic ritual organization of the Kichwa Saraguro people.To carry out this work we used the research and learning method called "Relational Symbolic Experiential" that has been used in the Pluriversidad Amamwtay Wasi. This implies recovering the voice of the original Saraguro sages, contributing with their point of view through conversations. These conversations can be compared to the focus group technique. We have preliminarily concluded, based on the research developed, that several original philosophical principles that governed the Tawantinsuyo, are present and in force in the Kichwa Saraguro People, for example: the existence of a reversal/dual symbolic ritual organization, the validity of the Hanan and Urin elements in the ritual-territorial organization and the validity of an agro-festive and lunisolar calendar