Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This paper has reflected on the post-COVID-19 educational scenario, within the framework of the current Latin American and Caribbean Integration. It analyzed integration and education, a historical look at the situation of education in the region; the crisis of the educational system generated by COVID-19 and the post pandemic proposals and goals that the region will have to face to recover education. The methodology is documentary and its approach is qualitative, supported by reports published by UNESCO, the World Bank, as well as scientific articles. It is highlighted that between 1960-1990, educational development in Latin America and the Caribbean was confused with the idea of the growth of infrastructure for education, which did not represent improvements in the quality of education, as it did not respond to the needs of the moment. Between 1980-1990, given the debt crisis and financial imbalances that prevailed in the region, it was considered the “lost decade” for Latin America, unfortunately no country achieved the proposed objectives of the model: growth and equity. This difference was marked by a determining factor: the level of education of the population. It is concluded that Latin America and the Caribbean present several institutional challenges post-COVID-19, which are not only related to the return to face-to-face classes but also to the possible changes that will be seen in several educational systems in the coming years.  

The vulnerability of indigenous women in the Yucatan Peninsula has become evident since the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the conditions of inequality and poverty they lived in prior to the health contingency, which is reflected in the precarious access to health care they have. Therefore, it is proposed to analyze the conditions of vulnerability to the COVID-19 pandemic faced by the population under study through the characterization of infections in indigenous women. The conceptual framework discusses how inequality has generated processes of vulnerability in terms of infection, lethality and access to health care for indigenous women, compared to non-indigenous women. In terms of methodology, we worked with the database of the General Directorate of Epidemiology of the Ministry of Health from Mexico, which records the reported infections of COVID-19. This database is disaggregated at the state and municipal levels, as well as by public and private hospitals. Data were analyzed from the first case to April 30, 2021. The results of the research were conclusive in the sense that, in most of the variables analyzed, such as health history of hypertension, diabetes, pneumonia and pregnancy, access to public and private health care, and even the percentage of deaths due to infection, indigenous women were more affected than non-indigenous women, revealing a scenario of greater vulnerability for them.

The educational practice has been described as a community experience in a group of young students of the Autonomous University of Baja California, a public institution of higher education in northern Mexico. It was based on the paradigm of interculturality to promote from the university, the critical and ethical dimensions as elements of approach to social, cultural and economic diversity in Santa Catarina indigenous community, located in the region. The methodology was qualitative from a socio-critical posture of education, which implies not only a level of interpretative deepening, but also seeks to incorporate transformations to social realities.  Among the main results, four general learnings expressed by the participating students were identified: 1) Knowledge and learning from experiences, 2) Sensitivity to help and support the community, 3) Needs, history, resistance for rights and territory, and 4) Dialogue as a means to eliminate discrimination. As conclusions, emphasis is placed on the possibility of generating significant learning in university professional training through intercultural experiences that transcend the classroom space.

The Ministry of Health is the governing body for health in Nicaragua. This governmental entity, through the Health Model of the North Atlantic Autonomous Region and the Intercultural Health Care Model of the North Caribbean Coast (MASIRAAN), recognizes the restitution of health rights for all equally. Similarly, the legal frameworks emphasize health as a fundamental right, without any political, ethnic, religious, economic, socio-cultural or social class distinctions.  In this same line, the National Health Policy of Nicaragua of Ministry of Health (2008a), establishes the articulation between biomedicine and traditional ancestral medicine. Taking into account the above, this article aims to detail the actions used by health personnel for the healing process of pauka / krisi siknis.The results show that health personnel have not been able to cure pauka / krisi siknis, despite being a disease that has been affecting the population since ancient times, so that from those times until today are the traditional healers / sika lan uplika nani, which have healed those affected, the health problem is associated with supernatural aspects and spells.

The best seller The Magic of Tidying Up, by the Japanese Marie Kondo, has been the epicenter and trigger of a media and editorial trend about the value of order as part of good living. The repercussions of the work gave space to a Netflix series, and other editorial repercussions that keep readers loyal. This article proposes a reading of the editorial and television phenomenon from Argentina, as a first approach to a longer-term research on the transformations and continuities in the processes of domestic work. The analysis was a kick-off to the consolidation of a subgenre that I will call “domestic self-help”, associated with the persistence of a sexual division of labor that overloads women with unpaid household chores, even when they develop paid activities outside the home. It is suggested to understand these discourses in dialogue with the individualization of neoliberal subjectivity, and their circulation and success with a bifronted logic that, while refreshing the visibility and relevance of these tasks, imposes new quality standards. In this sense, the exhibition of results, popularized through social networks, has the risk of becoming a mandate that further overburdens women.

This volume No. 29, compiles 11 articles, structured in 5 sections or academic areas, which include the following articles: 1. Education, two (2); 2. Gender and Interculturality, two (2); 3. Intercultural Health, one (1); 4. Social Sciences, two (2); 5. Agricultural, four (4) articles.The results of these investigations contribute significantly to the innovative praxis of the university community in the area of ​​Abya Yala or Latin America and the Caribbean; They constitute an educational and communication medium to share with the community of professors, researchers and students of the academic world, in a critical, autonomous expression, pointing towards emancipation in an environment of the right of intercultural gender citizenship.  

A descriptive research with a mixed approach was carried out with the objective of evaluating the quality of the commercial egg of Creole hens from La Troncal canton - Ecuador, province of Cañar, Ecuador by means of an internal and external physical study of 1200 eggs (La Troncal parish, 400 eggs; Manuel de J. Calle parish, 400 eggs and Pancho Negro parish, 400 eggs). Each parish was considered as a treatment, the averages of the external and internal physical study variables were compared using Tukey’s test (p≤0.05). The most frequent color was blue with 484 eggs. The medium category was the most common based on egg weight. Hens from La Troncal parish produced eggs with higher shell percentage, egg white pH, egg white height and yolk height; Manuel J. Calle parish produced eggs with higher egg weight, shell thickness at the narrow pole, yolk weight and yolk diameter; while Pancho Negro parish produced eggs with higher yolk intensity, yolk pH and egg white index. In conclusion, La Troncal canton commercializes medium-sized Creole eggs, with varied color, mostly blue, acceptable yolk diameter and yolk height, good yolk pigmentation, producing eggs of very good quality

The research was conducted at Hacienda Hungría, Jinotega, Nicaragua, in a group with 18 calves affected with bovine papillomatosis (BPV), a completely randomized design was applied to evaluate two treatments (T1 - copper arete, yatrénic acid and casein, T2 - chlorobutanol, yatrénic acid and casein) in three types of papillomas with three replicates of six animals, under controlled conditions. The number and type of papillomas disappearing per treatment, the hematocrit behavior and the duration of treatment were considered. The data were transformed with natural logarithm and processed with the statistical program InfoStat 1.1, using Anova and Tukey’s separation test; for the hematocrit variable, the T-Student test was used. With copper earring there was a greater decrease in the number of papillomas and time in days; no significant difference was found between treatments. Between initial and final hematocrit there was a significant difference (p<0.05), with copper arete there were lower levels. Both treatments control bovine papillomatosis without considering the type according to its form. The treatment with copper arete cannot exceed six weeks because it causes a deficit in the hematocrit of the treated animals.

The whitefly (Bemisia tabaco, a species of sternorrhine hemiptera of the family Aleyrodidae) and geminiviruses are the main agents of severe phytosanitary damage to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) producers in the municipality of Estelí. This pest causes great economic losses, has reduced yields and affects fruit quality, which incurs higher production costs. Based on this problem in the municipality of Estelí, a quantitative study of the experimental type was conducted from October 8th to December 11th, 2018, with the objective of evaluating chemical and botanical alternatives for the management of the whitefly-Geminivirus complex, for this an experiment was established using a randomized complete block design (BCA), with six treatments; T1. Evisect®, T2. Epingle®, T3. Kabonim®, T4. Savon®, T5. Quamar/Bioquamar® and T6. Control (water), the Orna variety was used in this study. The variables evaluated were: number of Bemisia tabaci per plant, incidence and severity of virosis, tomato yield in kg/ha¹ of the treatments evaluated, economic analysis (partial). According to the results, the treatments with the lowest percentage of Bemisia tabaci damage per plant were: Savon®, Epingle®, with respect to incidence and severity of virosis, the treatments with the best results were: Savon®, Quamar® and Kabonim®. The economic analysis (partial) carried out determined that the best yields were Epingle® with 44,057.77 kg/ha¹ and Kabonim® with 34,469.70 kg/ha¹.

The cultivation of musaceae (Musaceae) in Nicaragua has been an area of good profitability and acceptable production rates, representing a promising product in the department of Rivas and in some areas of the country. The income of this crop has been threatened by this disease that affects the plant and its fruits. With the objective of contributing to scientific knowledge through a study of the main symptoms and environmental conditions of Panama Disease, associated with the guineo crop, this research was conducted from March 2014 to March 2015, in a Taungya system, to describe the main symptoms of damage and calculate the incidence, severity and ABCPE of Panama Disease in guineo crop. Pathogen data collection was done through visual monitoring in the field and laboratory diagnosis at the National Agrarian University. Sampling was carried out weekly; for the field test, samples of diseased or symptomatic plants of the causal agent were taken and eliminated. As a result of the study, Fusarium sp associated with the guineo crop was identified. In general, the incidence of this causal agent showed a similar behavior in the guineo (0.53 %) and mahogany (0.61 %) blocks, followed by melina (0.36 %), the cedar, pochote, oak and teak blocks showed vascular wilt symptoms in percentages ranging from 1.12 % to 1.80 %.