Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This article introduces the monograph “On manuscripts and incunabula, from troubadours to the wiki word: Homage to Gemma Avenoza”, which includes eight studies from various authors dealing with these subjects, as a festschrift for the late Prof. Gemma Avenoza (Universitat de Barcelona).

Review of: Habermas, J. (2022): Refugiados, migrantes e integración. Una breve antología, Madrid: Tecnos.

I draw attention to some common misunderstandings among Dewey’s critics, as well as to some significant interpretive clarifications by commentators who viewed his work in a positive light. I have found it instructive to look back at two sources as an aid to understanding what his critics found so puzzling about his work. First, there are the reviews in professional journals that appeared in the wake of the publication of the Logic. Second, there are essays by some of his critics included in the Library of Living Philosophers volume published as a part of the celebration of his 80th birthday in 1939. In addition, I occasionally call on ancillary remarks and interpretations from other sources when I think they will help to clarify a point.

This review compiles the information related to implementing research hotbeds as formative research strategies regarding higher university education. A systematic review-type study was designed. Methodologically, the databases Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, Redalyc, MEDLINE (PubMed), ERIC and academic Google were investigated, using the terms: "Research hotbeds", "programs", "research skills" and "undergraduate student". Of the 235 sources initially searched, 22 references were analyzed (17 original articles and 5 theses). The information was analyzed according to the categories of place of publication, objectives, methods and results found. Studies were found with the qualitative approach (68.2%), others the quantitative approach (27.3%) and others a mixed approach (4.5%). Implementing a seedbed has a positive influence on the enhancement of research capabilities, achieving greater motivation among seedlings and better learning related to research methodology. Several studies found that the interrelation between teachers and students that is achieved in a nursery facilitates the learning of research and highlights the role of the student's protagonist, representing a leader in their pedagogical development. It is concluded that a university research seedbed is a learning community whose purpose is to encourage the research culture and the training of competencies in its members; The interventions carried out with the seedbeds have evidenced an improvement in research skills and an increase in student scientific production.

This paper makes an analysis regarding the law applicable to international contracts when the parties have not exercised their faculty to choose the law applicable to regulate their international contract and subsidiary connecting factors come into play. To this end, it studies the new Codes, Laws, Legal bodies and Draft Norms of Private international law of the first and second decade of the 21st century, with special emphasis on Latin American regulations - such as those of Argentina, Chile, Dominican Republic, Panama, Paraguay, Perú, and Uruguay -. The analysis allows knowing and accessing the different modern formulas consecrated by the latest Latin American legal bodies regarding party autonomy and the lex contractus in the absence of choice of the parties. It also allows comparing the new legislative options used by other countries in the region with the Peruvian legislation of Private International Law (PIL)  and the Preliminary Draft of Book X of PIL of the Peruvian Civil Code of 2019 on lex contractus and subsidiary connecting factors, with the intention to identifying the modificationsthat should be incorporated in Peru to optimize Peruvian legislation on the subject, and thusprovide our country with a more coherent, modern and predictable legal framework thatoffers greater legal security to international contracts.

Since Xi Jinping became General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the Chinese Dream of National Rejuvenation has emerged as the country´s ultimate imperative.This goal stands in stark contrast to the Century of National Humiliation, when China was turned into a semi-colonial entity by way of force and compelled to cede its sovereignty andsign unequal treaties. In this article I will explain how Xi Jinping´s concept of Chinese Dream of National Rejuvenation has shifted China’s Foreign Policy approach from a low-profile orientation to a more assertive and ambitious one. Additionally, I will illustrate the role which nationalism plays in the strengthening of the party-state’s political legitimacy and how it is related to the emergence of the Wolf Warrior Diplomacy. Furthermore I will argue Xi has embraced a two-pronged foreign policy approach. On the one hand, China is portrayed asa benign major power which advocates win-win international cooperation, the creation of a Community of Shared Future and a New Model of International Relations. Nevertheless,at the same time it vows to strongly defend China’s core interests, CCP’s political legitimacy and reshape international order along the lines of Chinese political values and  imperatives. Furthermore, I will illustrate how Xi has centralized power and reformed the foreign policy decision-making apparatus.

The constant politicization of the succession of States has been a problem when regulating how to regulate its effects. In the first codifying attempts, international responsibility was not ddressed as part of the study on the effects of this phenomenon. However, thanks to the wide acceptance of the work of the International Law Commission of the United Nations in its work on the international responsibility of the State, it is no longer possible to invoke the succession of States to undermine the enforceability of the obligation to repair that has arising out of the commission of an internationally wrongful act. This dogmatic change will provide more light for an eventual regulation of the subject under analysis, but it could also be useful for the constant claims of States that, in their past life, were colonies where atrocities were perpetuated.

The objective of this article is to analyze why non-binding measures taken by States may be challenged to determine non-compliance with the provisions of international trade  agreements. This research reviewed the decisions of the dispute settlement bodies of three trade agreements: the Andean Community, the World Trade Organization and the European Union. It is argued that in the field of international trade, the content, characteristics and role of non-binding measures are assessed to analyze their incompatibility with international standards and determine non-compliance of States.

This paper analyzes the course of APEC from the perspective of its activities guided by the Bogor Goals, until 2020 and, subsequently, by the updating of its agenda through the Putrajaya Vision 2040. It is argued that APEC, thanks to its working characteristics, has had considerable achievements and substantial progress towards the fulfillment of the Bogor Goals, which have benefited its members and that, also due to these characteristics, it has successfully updated its agenda through the Putrajaya Vision by reflecting current thematic priorities and the medium-term future. Throughout this work, it will also be possible to learn of the importance of the forum and the benefits it brings, emphasizing the Peruvian case, as well as glimpse some idiosyncrasies of the forum that illuminate its culture of negotiations.

The growing number of “international” marriages, with nationalities, domiciles and properties that link the spouses with various countries, and that generate patrimonial relations both between the spouses and with third parties, highlights the importance of the issue related to the patrimonial economic regime of such marriages. This situation demands our attention to the rules of private international law which will be the basis to determine what is the law applicable to the economic patrimonial regime of an international marriage, since it is precisely this law that will define, among others, which is the patrimonial regime that governs each marriage, what are the effects of said regime, what are the permitted covenants and arrangements allowed between the spouses in this matter, as well as the legal ways for the spouses to change the current regime today. In this article we refer particularly to what international marriages must take into account in order to determine what law is applicable to their property regime, which are the most widely applied patrimonial economic regimes around the world and what are the main similarities and differences between these regimes. We illustrate the importance of this theme by relating it to increasingly frequent circumstances in which spouses repeatedly change the place of the marital domicile, involving various countries and generating a series of questions regarding the law that will be applied in order to determine which property regime governs them, what are the main characteristics and effects of said regime, as well as the legal means to which the spouses can utilize to modify said regime. As an example, we resort to the assumption of an international marriage that binds Spain and Peru, as it composed of spouses who had their first domicile in Madrid, Spain, and today reside in Lima, Peru. We indicate what is the connecting factor provided for in the Peruvian norms of private international law so as to determine which is the law regulating the patrimonial regime of an international marriage. We also refer to the property regimes of marriages provided in both the Peruvian and the Spanish legislation, including their characteristics and effects and the existing legal means for the spouses to modify said regime. Finally, some specific proposals for regulatory modification are formulated and aimed at providing Peru with a regulatory framework that provides greater predictability and legal certainty to the property regimes of international marriages.