Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Small and medium-sized companies are recognized as generators of sources of employment, their management is essential within the framework of the global economy and in the achievement of the sustainable development objectives. In Ecuador, small businesses contribute 25% of the gross domestic product. This study carried out between January and July 2021 and it was aimed to know the perception of business administration students about the competitive factors of SMEs and to understand their point of view on support programs for the sector. The descriptive exploratory method was used, a case study in the Faculty of Administrative Sciences of the Central University of Ecuador, applying surveys to students of intermediate levels. The questionnaire was based on the expression of the dimensions: human talent, technology, product quality and administrative management. The results indicate that 55% think that technology contributes to the improvement of production processes, 81% agree that decision-making should be based on the use of administrative tools. The government, unions and the university must offer support elements such as financing, technological equipment, opening of markets and specialized research. There is little data on the degree of participation of women in SMEs, this work observes that 61% of opinions on competitiveness come from women, this situation is an opportunity for future research.

The objective of this research was to identify the factors that affect academic performance and to determine if the tutoring program contributes to and impacts university incorporation and performance improvement. The design was exploratory and correlational, applying an instrument (Cronbach's alpha=0.8) to 186 mexican university students. The results showed no significant differences between sociodemographic characteristics and grades, aptitudes, attitudes and satisfaction with the tutorial course. However, a significantly positive correlation was found between the tutoring sessions vs. indexes of the self-evaluation dimension (0.225 to 0.352), which means that the tutoring courses indirectly affect the grades through the development of aptitudes and attitudes in the student. Finally, it is suggested to periodically update the contents with others that are adapted to the new generations, with the purpose of responding to the needs represented by the lowest indexes.

The purpose of this article was to analyze the performance of two active methodologies to improve the teaching of Physics, through a comparison between project-based learning and STEM, during a practice of Pascal's Principle in engineering students, assisted by the methodology quantitative. To do this, Hake's normalized learning gain was determined against two instructional scenarios; PBL (control group) versus STEM (experimental group) with 69 students between 18 and 21 years old, through a questionnaire of ten multiple-choice questions with a single answer. As a result, the learning statistics compared both methodologies and presented two rejection indicators: lower probability and t-statistic. Next, a post-hoc analysis supported by a concentration factor verified in each group the means of entry and exit grades in areas of comprehension. At the end, it was verified that the STEM methodology generated a greater increase in learning since its distribution widths were far from the ABP, leaving the concentration of zones at higher levels denominated as correct. In short, it was found that the STEM model provides greater methodological effectiveness, since it characterizes the environment conducive to empowering learning towards understanding, creativity, analysis and calculations in university engineering students.

Sustainable tourism is aimed at conserving the natural and cultural capital of the communities and at the same time forging income for the locality. To generate sustainable tourism it is necessary to understand the needs of the social group involved. In this respect, the social function of design entails satisfying individual and collective human needs by acting as a mediator in the social economic development of the community. Thinking about tourist spaces such as the Colta lagoon or Kulta Kucha, historically unused in the dissemination of tourism, is of interest because it is an ancestral icon of the indigenous populations of the Ecuadorian Sierra. This interest grows when considering that in recent years factors such as the reestablishment of its railway access and the restoration of its colonial architectural heritage have catapulted it as a potential tourist destination. From this perspective, the proposal seeks to consider design from a social and interdisciplinary approach, since it is a socially constructed discipline, and therefore appeals to cultural and natural resources to enhance the generation of sustainable tourism in the lagoon, considering a qualitative approach as it is oriented towards the meaning of the phenomena, investigating them from the point of view of the actors in their natural habitat and in relation to the current and historical context. In this way, in principle, the identification and interpretation of sustainable community development needs is planned, the identification and analysis of cultural and natural resources present in the context to determine their perspective of use, expressive and symbolic values and finally to establish guidelines in the project dimension of design for the planning of sustainable tourism models that make viable the economic, social, and productive development of the community. In this sense, through the appropriation of resources that materialize the environment, it is possible to think of functional structural models of tourist and community interaction.

This grounded theory study was based on the model of the progression of economic value proposed in the theory of experiences, according to which it determines that the economy evolves, providing various economic offers or value propositions, as well as explaining the direct relationship between the competitive position, price and customer needs with each evolutionary stage. In this case, the current economy provides the customer experience as a differentiating element, so its nature must be memorable and individualized. In this sense, this research stimulates the discussion of the experience in the tourism industry. On the other hand, the literature in the tourism field associated variables that control the memory of an individual, however, they do not explain what are the variables that are stored in memory as a lasting memory? How is information stored in memory retrieved? and what are the characteristics of a memorable experience. For this reason, the purpose of this research is to understand the process of transforming a tourist experience into a memorable one in the hotel industry. The research design is qualitative, specifically the systematic basis. Secondary data collection was obtained from the Researchgate, Science-Direct, Scopus, Emerald insight and Web of Science databases. A total of 83 bibliographic reviews were used to obtain a more specific explanation of the study phenomenon from the perspective of various authors. In order to obtain categories and links of the problem, the analysis of the information was done through the program atlas ti, 7.5. The results revealed that the Memorable Tourist Experience is a stimulus; it can be stored in memory (as an experience); can be encoded and retrieved (through narratives). In addition, this study identified 2 factors (affective state and sensory state) to support that the tourist experience can become memorable. Likewise, the results generated hypotheses, which were derived from the data collected and contrasted with previous literature, providing new views of the object of study.

The objective of this research is to analyze the main financial, liquidity, indebtedness, management and profitability ratios of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in the Costa and Sierra regions of Ecuador using a quantitative approach of a descriptive and exploratory nature with data provided by 701 companies that registered their accounting and financial information to the Superintendency of Companies, Securities and Insurance in the year 2020. The results of this investigation showed that the general liquidity and strict liquidity of MSMEs in the Coast region are significantly higher than that shown by companies in the Sierra region. This study also showed that companies in the Sierra region have better returns, in terms of shareholder investment, than companies in the Coast; In addition, it was evidenced that there are no significant differences regarding the financing and administration of their assets. The conclusions of this research offer guidelines for future research on the factors that affect corporate profitability and business failure.

Job opportunities allow the human being to develop in an integral way, even more so, in the case of people with disabilities, since this helps to reaffirm their self-esteem and professional fulfillment. According to Ecuadorian regulations, companies that have a minimum of twenty-five (25) workers are required to hire 4% of people with disabilities. The objective of this article is to identify the level of labor insertion of people with disabilities at the Salesian Polytechnic University of Guayaquil. A bibliometric review was carried out to find out the countries in which articles have been published in relation to the subject investigated. The descriptive cross-sectional research used as instruments the interview and an online questionnaire that allowed knowing relevant aspects of the labor insertion of people with disabilities, highlighting among them: the applied process, the analysis of the position with the required adjustments, the accessibility to the facilities, as well as the incorporation of assistive technologies. In this article, 100% compliance with the labor insertion of people with disabilities, including substitutes, was obtained as a result. It is recommended to continue with improvements in the accessibility of the facilities to promote real inclusion.

This article addresses the relationships and exchanges between architecture and fieldwork, from a framework formed by three approaches: spatial practices, architectural ethnography and sensory studies. In order to explore these intersections, a historiographic review of the career of the Japanese architect Terunobu Fujimori is carried out, with emphasis on his initial stage, developed between 1971-1986. In this period, there is a methodological transition from his beginnings as an architectural historian linked to archival research, where he investigated the urban planning of Tokyo during the Meiji Era, to the fieldwork developed with the Tokyo Architectural Detective Agency, an experience that marked a shift towards innovative research methods, which are established here as the focus of this research. The objective of this study is to give an overview of the methods associated with this new way of working, in order to understandthe implications and disciplinary scope of empirical research in architecture.

The article is inscribed within the debate on: how to initiate the learning of architecture, specifically, what kind of exercises to use at the beginning of the first architecture design studio? As a starting point, three approaches are distinguished in this debate. On the one hand, teachers who use projects from the beginning. Here, the tendency is to reproduce or simulate the architect's professional practice through exercises that include all the variables that characterize an architectural work: the program, the function, the structure, the technique and the relationships between these components. On the other hand, teachers who consider that, before starting the practice of the architectural design, students mustunderstand and manage a series of basic principles of design and visual composition common to several artistic and project disciplines. In this case, architectural design learning begins with two-dimensional and three-dimensional composition exercises characteristic of Basic Design courses. The article studies a third possibility already explored in a fragmentary way in certain teaching practices in recent years andwhich has not been thoroughly investigated so far. These are exercises that distance themselves from the architect's traditional activity without deriving exclusively in visual composition tasks.

With the purpose of putting in modest evidence and analyzing some of the most intense, productive and current relationships between architecture and certain artistic manifestations, a series of eight exemplary cases is selected in which the classic limits between the different disciplines dissipate. In Donald Judd's work, every plastic piece is at the same time object and building, space and atmosphere. The Chilean Glass House, pregnant with Daniella Tobar, makes the room transparent and transforms it into a stage: it turns hermit life into a show. Guatemalan architecture student Rogelia Cruz incorporates violence into the protest action of places: she inoculates politics into architecture intravenously. The destroyer architect Mohamed Atta, with his terrorist procedures, supplies arguments to war and materials and images to art. Nenrod, the ideologue of the Tower of Babel, emerges from the past demanding that the words of Genesis that define it transcend in figures, in forms, in architectural appearances. Lara Almacegui documents, as Kafka and Matta-Clark already did, the process of decomposition and disappearance of a house in Otwock, and Soledad Sevilla returns the memory of her patio looted to a castle in Vélez Blanco.