Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The city of Viña del Mar was consolidated between the 1930s and 1970s as an expression of the ideology and forms of the Modern Movement, becoming a "recreational seaside resort" that favoured tourist and residential development, in parallel with industrial and population growth and the requirements of social welfare.The research documented through archives and photographic records, together with the historical and morphological analysis of architectural attributes and the perceptions of the communities, expands the record of modern architecture in Viña del Mar, with the registration of more than 150 buildings and a selection of 32 exemplary cases of local expressions of modernity.The conclusions reveal the particularities of a sample of rational architecture, valuable for its link with urban history, its relationship with the landscape, the challenge of topography, the response to regulations, and the realisation of ambitious social plans.

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Introduction. The most significant results obtained in the course of 10 years of research, monitoring and management in the coral reefs of the Guanahacabibes National Park (PNG) are presented. The most studied zoological groups have been the coral and fish communities. In the same way, the lionfish has been deeply investigated due to the negative impact caused on invertebrates and native fish due to its status as an exotic and invasive species. Methods. The samplings have been carried out based on methodologies developed and validated by experts at the national and international level. Results. The results show that the reefs are among the most conserved and diverse in the Caribbean, even though they do not escape the degradation process faced by most of these ecosystems due to the effects of climate change. Fish populations of commercial and ecological importance (groupers, snappers, sharks, parrotfish and surgeonfish) have high density and biomass values due to the protective effect of the area. Data on bleaching events in coral communities and their resilient power are presented. The results of the reef restoration project with the Acropora cervicornis species are presented as well as the positive effect that the holding of 5 lionfish fishing tournaments has had on the control of this invasive species. Also, the tools, strategies and regulations established in the PNG management plan are shown, focused on nature tourism that has been increasing in recent years.

Introduction. The behavior of COVID-19 is influenced by diverse social differentials that transcend demographic variables and include morbidity, the conditions of their homes, family dynamics, job performance, gender roles and stereotypes, care tasks, habits, and behaviors of life and consumption, among others. Methods. Statistical and demographic analysis and tools of metric studies of the information were used. Results and Discussion. The research showed the importance of incorporating into the analysis of the behavior of COVID-19 in Cuba the influence of social and epidemiological differentials determined by skin color, marital status, employment status, income levels, types of families, mobility, hygienic environmental conditions, access to health services, among others, which can place populations in greater or lesser conditions of vulnerability. Conclusions: The composition and dynamics of the population together with other social differentials are determinants of the behavior and expression of the pandemic. The crossing of epidemiological factors with the analysis of containment measures and the composition and structure of the affected population allows for the design of health policies that are more adjusted to the needs of the pandemic. Distance psychological counseling makes it possible to identify and deal with situations related to confinement and changes in life routines that affect the mental health of different groups of people.

Introduction. The House Dust Mite Blomia tropicalis (Bt) is an important etiological agent of allergic asthma in tropical areas. Bt is substantially apart from the genus Dermatophagoides, which is more common globally. The objective of this paper was to assess the immunobiological features of Bt allergens.Methods. Purified allergens from Bt cultures were used, based on a technological platform developed at BIOCEN. Bt formulations were evaluated in murine models of respiratory allergy and in clinical studies of asthma immunotherapy with the VALERGEN®-BT vaccine. Mass spectrometry was used for molecular characterization and anti-Blo_t_13 monoclonal antibodies, obtained in BIOCEN, for epitope mapping.Results and Discussion. For the first time, the interaction of Bt allergens with innate immunity TLR receptors and the induction of neutrophilic inflammation, a known feature of the severe asthma phenotype, was identified. Native Blo_t_2 was identified as the predominant component of allergenic extracts, showing high IgE binding frequency in Cuban asthmatics (80 %), greater than Blo_t_5, currently considered the major allergen. Moreover, the IgE epitopes and cross-reactivity to human proteins of another Bt allergen, Blo_t_13, were identified. The first piece of evidence in humans of the specific and non-cross-reactive effect of Bt immunotherapy towards Dermatophagoides allergens was obtained. These results guided the design of a second-generation therapeutic vaccine, Prolinem®-BT, using alumina and TLR4 ligands as adjuvants. Its preclinical development results showed its antiallergic effect with only three doses, and its safety. Conclusion: Overall, these results confirm the need for the inclusion of Bt-specific immunotherapy for the effective management of allergic asthma in tropical countries.

Introduction. The supply of nutrients is a decisive component of agroecosystems, but in Cuba only 25 % of cultivated areas are fertilized, negatively influencing their productivity. Based on the benefits of mycorrhizal inoculants and green manures, their integration was evaluated with the objectives of establishing more efficient nutrient supply schemes, which guarantee high yields with lower amounts of fertilizers and a way for the effective mycorrhization of crops. Methods. The response of Canavalia to the inoculation of three AMF strains in eight edaphic conditions was evaluated, as well as eleven integration experiments of the green manures inoculated as precedents and or intercropped in the nutrient supply schemes of cassava, banana, tobacco, corn, tomato, coffee and king-grass. Furthermore, AMF and rhizobia co-inoculation was studied. Results. The Canavalia responded positively to mycorrhizal inoculation, with average increases in biomass, NPK contents and mycorrhizal propagules between 50 % and 300 %. The effectiveness of the strains depended on the pH of the soil. The Canavalia inoculated and used as a precedent or intercropped was successfully integrated into the fertilization schemes of the crops, guaranteeing high yields, effective mycorrhizal functioning and reducing fertilizer requirements between 25 and 75 %. Co-inoculation increased the potentiality of the Canavalia. Conclusions. The inoculated Canavalia was a satisfactory way for the effective management of the mycorrhizal symbiosis, forming more efficient agricultural production technologies and with lower amounts of inputs.