Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

We are planning the study of the Antique Regime soc iety based on the house,  understanding it like an element of rural arquitect ure and the material culture, like a  domestic space and production centre, consume and s ocial reproduction. Begining the  investigation with El Bonillo village we pretend to show that the house and the family  as associative structures are the ones that explain the social organization and the  diferents ways of life. Definetly we pretend to und erstand how they reproduce and get  the great differences that take part in the rural zone.  

Es curioso que en la historiografía dedicada al período colonial, tenga tan poca relevancia el Epítome Cronológico, más aún si consideramos que es la única obra del siglo XVIII que esboza una historia general del Perú, y que su año de publicación, en 1776, es una fecha emblemática tanto por la creación del virreinato de la plata, como por la declaración de independencia de Estados Unidos...

The general objective is to analyze the evolution of regional neutralities in the American system during World War II, made more complex by the Pan-Americanist model promoted by the United States of America. Given the suspicion of the Nazi threat on the continent, his intention was to install military bases in Latin America from 1940. British imperialism in the region still maintained its inertia. We conjecture that Argentina, a persistent opponent of the United States of America, and a staunch defender of its neutrality, fought for Uruguay not to install us bases on its coasts in 1940. Even though it is a small country, Uruguay assumed relevant prominence at the international level. Latin America prevailed as a supplier of raw materials and managed to remain neutral until 1942, year in which the northern power imposed its hegemony and opted, with few exceptions, for the declaration of war on the Axis. We will explore primary sources from historical archives of the us, Mexican, and Uruguayan Ministries of Foreign Affairs, and Argentine diplomatic documents that have not yet been sufficiently studied. We will try to contrast, as far as possible, data from the ambassadors in dialogue with specialized historiographies. We hope that the originality of studying multilevel spaces that transcend the statecentric sphere will inspire reflections on a plot that, projected into the present, does not lose its validity.

In Mexico, forced disappearances of people have been documented since the 1960s, and since then it has not been possible to know the truth about their whereabouts. It is not known what has happened to them. In this sense, this article attempts to answer the question: could the missing people be alive? To do so, oral history was used with testimonies from survivors, relatives of missing persons, and documents from historical archives of intelligence services, from groups of relatives, and recent bibliography on the subject. Thus, through a critique of sources, four theories are put forward that show that some missing persons were alive even when the Mexican government denied having detained them or said they were dead.The first theory mentions that some people were released and remained wandering the streets without returning to their homes. The second describes the use of psychiatric hospitals as places of confinement. The third theory tells us that there were clandestine spaces in some prisons, where the authorities kept missing persons and, finally, mention is made of a group of missing persons hidden in the Islas Marías.This article raises the problem that exists in knowing the truth about a phenomenon of the recent past, when there are sources that have not been explored and whose wealth comes from the information that safeguards the memory of victims and families who on their own investigated the whereabouts of their loved ones. In this way, memory has found its documentary references, which opens a new vein that presents the complexity of the past of forced disappearance and glimpses the magnitude of what it meant for those who were victims of this practice.

This paper aims to demonstrate that the clandestine organization known as the Armed Revolutionary Independent Commandos (CRIA) was a phantom organization created by the FBI to justify its repressive actions against the independence movement in Puerto Rico. Given the Federal Buereau of Investigation (FBI)’s refusal to declassify many of its documents from the 1960s to the 1980s, a comparative analysis was conducted of the cria’s writings and modus operandi, as well as the FBI’s application of state terrorism practices through its aggressive intelligence actions. Specifically, it was possible to argue that the operations of the cria and its communiqués did not benefit the struggle for Puerto Rico’s independence from the United States, but rather served the needs of the fbi at a time when it was under intense scrutiny from the U.S. government. This study is of great importance because this organization has not been explored by Puerto Rican historiography. It is also not mentioned in the few interviews published of political prisoners from that era. Aside from the available literature on the subject of clandestine struggle in Puerto Rico, the primary source used for this article was a compilation of declassified FBI documents on the cria, which appears in its digital archive under the name Daniel Patrick Moynihan 02 of 02 for reasons that still need to be investigated.

In the Latin American political context of the 1930s, marked by the ongoing Spanish Civil War and the imminence of World War II, two Latin American student congresses were held in Santiago, the Second Student Convention, organized by the Federation of Students of the University of Chile (Federación de Estudiantes de la Universidad de Chile, FECH), and the Latin American Congress of Students, promoted by regional student organizations. At those events, ideological and political debates took place in the Chilean student’s movement, counterpoising the communist thinking that advocated proletarian internationalism and the Indo-American principles endorsed by the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana, APRA). While the discussion aimed at maintaining loyalty between the two movements, and the substance of their ideological conflicts did shift, an important degree of tension continued to exist.

This study examines the founding of San Bartolomé de Chillán in 1580 from acultural geography perpective, emphasizing how the Itata Valley was shaped as a social space through historical, cultural and interactional processes betweenindigenous communities and colonizers. This research analyzes the role of human dynamics in the construction of territory and the transformations driven by the introduction of new practices, species, and colonial territorial structures. The methodology was based on the collection of historical data, cartographic analysis, and review of sources of the time. Through a multidisciplinary approach, this study concludes that the founding process cannot be explained solely by natural factors but must be understood within a framework that integrates cultural representations and social interactions in space.

The article explores the defense of Christian morality during the first moment of the reform (1855-1857). It shows not only the vigor but also the plurality on the part of both civil figures and ecclesiastical authorities. From brochures and newspapers, representations and episcopal documents, it shows the vindication of religious virtue as a facilitator of civil life in addition to spiritual salvation. It includes journalistic expressions, formulations of bishops and manifestations of the constituent assembly of 1857. The study of devout language allows us to glimpse the defense of the Christian faith as the foundation of the Mexican nation within the secularizing horizon of the liberal movement.

This article addresses the resistance, ancestry, and territoriality of the Krenak indigenous people, living in Resplendor, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Over the past two centuries, the Krenak people have faced repression, cultural erasure, and forced displacement imposed by the Brazilian state policy and agrarian elites. The research combines historical and autoethnographic approaches, highlighting lived experience as a central element in understanding the struggle for his life of these people. The relationship of the Krenak with their territory is seen as sacred and essential for the maintenance of their cultural identity. The destruction of the Watu River (Rio Doce) by the collapse of the Fundão mineral waste in 2015 was a tragic milestone that intensified the fight for their territorial and environmental rights. The article analyzes how cultural practices such as dance, language, and rituals are forms of resistance in the face of cultural memory erasure. In addition, it discusses the role of the Organization of American States (oas) in the defense of indigenous rights, highlighting documents such as the American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (2016). The research indicates that international mechanisms can strengthen the Krenak’s demands, especially in relation to territorial and environmental preservation. Last but not at least, the study highlights that the Krenak struggle is not restricted to their physical territory, but encompasses culture, ancestry and the right to exist as an indigenous group. On the other side, the autoethnography reveals the resilience of the Krenak and the need for a decolonial and integrated perspective, articulating Territory, Culture, Ancestry and Struggle for their territory, to guarantee their dignity and continuity.

This article analyses the emblematic programme of two spaces —the lower cloister and the Chapter Hall— of the Franciscan convent in Salvador da Bahia during the 18th century, with a focus on the circulation and re-signification of European models in colonial contexts. Its main objective is to understand how specific images and mottos, drawn from emblematic repertories, were selected and reinterpreted to project discourses of moral instruction and devotion within the sacred conventual space. Among the principal findings is the interplay between engraved images and the Franciscan historical culture, as well as the reorganisation of the emblems’ original order and the deliberate selection of certain figures as a mean of adapting the message to pedagogical and devotional needs of the religious community. The study offers an iconological and  contextualised reading that reveals how these emblems, reworked in tiles and paintings, were not mere reproductions but active vehicles of symbolic and devotional construction. The originality of this study lies on its interdisciplinary approach, which brings together art history, colonial studies, and cultural history, with particular attention to processes of visual appropriation and semantic adaptation. The sources employed include European emblem books, internal Franciscan regulations, convent chronicles, inventories, and in situ analysis of tiles and paintings.