Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This article contains the results of analyzing parenting models used by the family in education of their children. In this case, it is referred to students of Seventh grade at Metodista Libre School in District V of Managua. The importance of this research is assess the impact that Parenting models have on the behavior of adolescents and how this infl uences in family dynamic. For this reason, the environment where students interact is retaken: family and school, how they feel about themselves and how they relate to the individuals with whom they live. This allows identifying elements of their education in both contexts and how these are manifested in their behavior. One of the field of action of Social Work is the family. It is essential to intervene on this kind of situations because family constitute the fi rst social group where human being came and the fi rst school where we educate to function in society. The researching idea came from the need to study behavior problems and to contribute both: to the families and to the school in fi nding new strategies of attention to adolescents to reinforce the family - school relationship

The ceramic artifacts made by the ancient inhabitants of our continent are today part of the object of analysis in archaeological studies. In conjunction with various evidence of material culture such as rock art, settlements, cemeteries, stone artifacts, orality and linguistics, among other elements that survive in the modern world. The function of these studies is to try to combine the interrelation of each evidence for the understanding of the lifestyle that these towns had in the past.

The present investigation was carried out during the I semester of the V year of the psychology of the year 2021 degree through the subject of Psychopedagogical Intervention. The purpose of this work is to analyze the effectiveness of the psychopedagogical intervention proposal addressed to a third year high school student. The research is based on the case study of a 14 year-old adolescent, where data related to the biological, psychosocial, family and educational areas were explored. During the evaluation process, interviews were conducted with parents, teachers and the student. After the interview, a battery of psychotechnical tests was applied to the adolescent, in which the following stand out: Bender’s Visomotor Gestalt Test, Weil’s Nonverbal Intelligence Test, Corman’s Family Test and the Tree Test, as well as pedagogical reading tests. Writing and calculation that allow to identify traits of personality, intelligence, fine motor and family relationship, as well as evaluation of the academic skills acquired by the student in their learning process. In order to measure the effectiveness of the psychopedagogical intervention plan executed in 12 sessions, a retest was carried out that made it possible to demonstrate the psychic condition of the student and its incidence in the cognitive area. Making a contrast of both results (before and after) a signifi cant difference was found, reflected in the following aspects: Organization of the living space, orientation, improvement in fi ne motor skills with a positive impact on calligraphy and writing, greater refl ective and adaptive capacity, also security and control of emotions.

The reform to article 37 of the Nicaraguan Political Constitution and the reform and addition to the Nicaraguan Penal Code and the Comprehensive Law against Violence against Women, which incorporates, for the fi rst time in the history of Nicaraguan criminal law, as the main penalty Reviewable life imprisonment, “for the person convicted of serious crimes, when there are hateful, cruel, degrading, humiliating and inhuman circumstances that, due to their impact, cause shock, rejection, indignation, disgust in the national community,” obeys the popular outcry before the consternation at the occurrence of cruel crimes that were occurring in our nation, crimes motivated by misogyny and by exercising control over women, children and other vulnerable sectors. The incorporation of this new legal fi gure raises important questions in the fi eld of  Nicaraguan Criminal Law, such as the forms of its application, the way in which the benefi t of conditional release will be granted, the possibility that the sanction does not fulfi ll its objective. resocialization and rehabilitation of the sanctioned, and its effectiveness to prevent the commission of serious crimes.

This work on global warming causes and effects, constitutes a referential research on the effects that anthropogenic actions linked to profit, insensitivity, lack of ethics and other values, are causing the planet with the indiscriminate use of industrialization, which also includes warming, deforestation, pollution by greenhouse gases, without taking into account the measures to be taken to alleviate, minimize or avoid further damage. Three important variables about the phenomenon of global warming are described: Temperature, deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions.

The current Nicaraguan territory is located in a privileged geographical area in the Central American isthmus, to understand this vast historical region and its cultural and social dynamics, we must start by recognizing in the fi rst place that our geographical extension forms a land corridor between South America and North America. That is why it is crucial to determine the infl uences suffered by the original cultures, who lived in different historical contexts with the peoples of the so-called Intermediate Area and Mesoamerica. This article is based on the interest in continuing the epistemological discussion developed in the city of Matagalpa, in 2014, when for the first time in history, a group of researchers and cultural promoters from Matagalpa had the courage to propose to the Nicaraguan people the Academy of Geography and History of the country, as well as national and international researchers, the archaeological, historical and anthropological hypothesis of the so-called “Ulua Matagalpa Cultural Area”, whose evidence appears in remote regions and in the large towns of the Central region Northern Nicaragua, southern Honduras and eastern El Salvador. I return to the conceptual discussion seven years later, from the fi rst congress that brought together more than 18 specialists in the city of Matagalpa, in archaeology, anthropology, history, linguistics and of which there is a memory book that houses all the concerns and suggestions made by the specialists to better build the proposed historic region and its possible borders. For our part, we have developed three phases of research in the municipalities of Wiwili and Bocay in Jinotega, these studies allowed us to make a more complete and in-depth analysis that is condensed in a second published book, entitled Jinotega Multiétnica “Symbols and Voices of Bocay al Wangky”, where we delve into the recognition of the Ulúa Matagalpa cultural historical region proposal, from an archaeological, anthropological and ethnohistorical approach. This effort leads us to continue archaeologically investigating the buffer zone of the Bosawás biological reserve, in the department of Jinotega, crowning a necessary daring that had not been done until now, for us each study contributes a grain of corn, in the conformation of that cultural fabric that we need to discover, associate, compare and incorporate into our work as permanent researchers, diligent interpreters, tireless forgers in the search for a more comprehensive, more complete history, much more extensive in time without chronological limits, with a vision not only national but regional. The results of the investigations on the axes of Tapaskun, Runfl in and Uluaskin concentrate efforts to continue working on the archaeological and ethnographic diagnosis of the department of Jinotega. Also, the excavations carried out in the aforementioned communities allow cultural associations to be made to the prehistory of northern Nicaragua and therefore further feed the proposal for the Ulúa Matagalpa Cultural Area which, to this day, continues to be an accepted suggestion among the majority of Nicaraguan and foreign archaeologists, specialists in the sciences, who deserve a second archaeological congress, where we can incorporate these substantive advances.

This research addresses the analysis of lithic archaeological artifacts recovered in the municipality of Santa María de Nueva Segovia, located in the northwest of Nicaraguan territory, bordering the Republic of Honduras. It is based on the fact that these artifacts are the evidence that presents the greatest resistance to inclement weather, therefore, their presence in archaeological contexts will provide important information about their origin, use and development of the technology developed by the society that produced them. Each artifact is the result of various production processes. To approach the knowledge of the effort involved, the raw material, the applied carving techniques and the possible traces of use were analyzed through macroscopic observation and magnifying glass support. With all this one could infer the technological and economic development of the society that produced them. It is important to note that the present study derives from the project entitled “Recognition and Documentation of Archaeological Sites of the municipality of Santa María, Nueva Segovia”, in which eight archaeological sites weredocumented, from which the analyzed lithic sample comes. The project was carried out in the fi rst semester of 2021, under the direction of the Archaeological Center for Documentation and Research CADI of the Faculty of Humanities and Legal Sciences of the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, UNAN, Managua with the fi nancial and logistical support of the Mayor’s Offi ce of the municipality of Santa María de Nueva Segovia and the collaboration of the Nicaraguan Institute of Culture (INC).

The author tries to explain some of the activities that were developed from the Office of the Matiguás Archaeological Project, based in the municipality of the same name in the department of Matagalpa, in the north of Nicaragua, during his functions as representative and executive of said offi ce. Some actions developed during a year (2018 -2019) are presented, highlighting those that have been appropriated by the inhabitants of the towns of Tierra Blanca in the Quirragua region (rural) and the city of Matiguás (urban). The project has been developed since 2012 at the Las Vegas archaeological site, in the town of Tierra Blanca, with systematic actions carried out jointly by the Kyoto University of Foreign Studies (KUFS), Japan, and the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua ( UNAN Managua), through its Archaeological Documentation and Research Center (CADI). This project also involves residents of that locality. As of 2018, a new phase began with the dissemination and strengthening of relations between the Project and municipal institutions - Mayor’s Offi ce, MINED, National Police - through the creation of a permanent offi ce of the Project in the municipality. The constant work carried out from the office allowed the dissemination and awareness of the population about cultural heritage, mainly in the municipal authorities, in the teaching body of secondary education and in the general population of the town of Tierra Blanca.

Este artículo tiene el objetivo de examinar las suspensiones de Venezuela en el ámbito del MERCOSUR, así como el impacto que estas han tenido en la política implementada por el Estado brasileño en el contexto de la migración masiva de venezolanos. Para alcanzar este propósito, es necesario hacer un breve análisis de la evolución de ese bloque hasta la adhesión de Venezuela, explicar los factores jurídicos y políticos que resultaron en la imposición de sanciones a este país y, por último, discutir la manera como Brasil ha gerenciado ese flujo de personas desde 2016. Esta investigación tiene un carácter cualitativo. Los procedimientos metodológicos empleados fueron la revisión de literatura y el examen del contenido de la Convención de Ginebra sobre el Estatuto de los Refugiados (1951), de la Ley 9.474 (1997) y de los demás actos normativos que tratan de la autorización de residencia en Brasil. Por medio de este estudio fue posible constatar que las medidas adoptadas por ese bloque respecto al país caribeño, en la práctica posibilitaron que el gobierno brasileño regulara ese fenómeno mediante la creación de instrumentos infralegales que pueden ser revocados en cualquier momento, razón por la cual no son suficientes para promover la seguridad jurídica.