Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Objective: To obtain the prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Material and method: This study was descriptive and cross-sectional. The type of sampling was for convenience and the sample consisted of 50 patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The degrees of Periodontitis were classified according to the criteria of Papapanou et al., (2018). The prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis was obtained by end-point PCR. The sample was taken in two places with greater depth of pocket. Glucose control was evaluated by measuring the percentage of glycosylated hemoglobin. The statistical analysis was performed using the InfoStat 2019 Software and the Independence Test was used using the Chi-Square statistic with 5% significance. Results: A 30% prevalence of P. gingivalis was obtained. 56% of the sample had a grade 0 of periodontitis, 24% grade I, 8% had grade II and 12% had grade III. No statistically significant difference was found between the presence of P. gingivalis and the degrees of periodontitis. Conclusions: The prevalence of P. gingivalis in the sample of patients with type 2 diabetes is 30% and its distribution is independent of the degree of periodontal disease.

Dentin treatment as a prior step to the adhesion procedure is intended to improve the substrate condition by improving the bonding strength between the tooth surfaces and the restorative material, promoting greater longevity and stability of the restoration. The objective of the study was to carry out a review of the literature that describes the properties of different conditioning agents of dentin. A review of the literature was carried out, including works published between 2014 and 2020, from medical databases such as PubMeb, SciELO and ScienceDirect; in English, Spanish and Portuguese. A total of 20 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected. The use of various dentin pre-treatment agents has been identified in the literature, mainly chemical agents such as sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), metallic nanoparticles and mechanical techniques such as air abrasion. with aluminum oxide and baking soda.

Hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a genetic disorder that affects the development of ectodermal tissues. This study reports a case of a 5-year-old male patient, with clinical extra and intraoral characteristics of HED. The intraoral clinical examination revealed a generalized absence of teeth, panoramic radiograph revealed the presence of permanent first molars with taurodontism, and confirm the oligodontia. Cephalometric analysis revealed a class III skeletal relationship, due to deficiency in the sagittal development of the maxilla and an anti-clockwise growth tendency. Alterations in craniofacial development require multidisciplinary treatment and long-term follow-up to monitor craniofacial growth.

Viridans group streptococci (VGS) are a heterogeneous group of saprophytic facultative anaerobic bacteria that are part of the normal flora of the oral cavity. The increased resistance to multiple antibiotics in this group of bacteria becomes important in prolonged antibiotic therapies inpatient where these common microorganisms are replaced by multi-resistant bacteria. Objectives: To determine the percentage of VGS strains isolated from oral cavity resistant to antibiotics used in hospital infectious diseases. Material and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that included 60 hospitalized patients with a history of antibiotic therapy for more than 3 weeks. The samples were processed following standardized protocols for collection, isolation and identification of oral cavity VGS and a protocol of antibiotic susceptibility testing. The results are shown in tables and graphics of absolute and relative frequencies. Results: The main indication for antibiotic therapy was orofacial infection with a 28.33%. Penicillin was the antibiotic further used either in single, combined or multiple therapies in all patients. A total of 108 samples (1.8 per patient swabs) were collected. The predominantly identified specie was Streptococcus mutans. The 96.3% of all VGS strains were sensitive to all antibiotics included in the panel. Conclusion: Using different combinations and types of antibiotic therapy inpatient has no effect on the susceptibility of VGS isolated from oral cavity separate from treatment.

Introduction: The close anatomical and functional relationship involving the cranio-cervico-mandibular system has caused a high prevalence of signs and symptoms of craniocervical dysfunction in subjects with temporomandibular disorder, especially postural and pain problems. Objective: To determine the association between craniocervical dysfunction and Temporomandibular Disorders in young adults. Material and Methods: 180 young adults between 18 and 35 years old were evaluated, distributed in two groups with and without temporomandibular disorder according to Axis I of the Index of Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. The first group consisted of 87 students with a diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder and the second of 93 students without this diagnosis. Subsequently, the Craniocervical Dysfunction and Cervical Mobility Index was performed to measure the degree of cervical movement and craniocervical posture. The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using the Chi-square test (p = 0.05). Results: Temporomandibular disorders predominated in the female gender (69%). The diagnosis of pain related to temporomandibular disorder predominated for myalgia and arthralgia (38%) and the predominant degree of craniocervical dysfunction was mild (40.4%). Students with mild craniocervical dysfunction presented myalgia (83.3%) and students with severe craniocervical dysfunction presented both (myalgia and arthralgia: 55.6%). Students without temporomandibular disorder had mild craniocervical dysfunction (61.9%) and those with temporomandibular disorder had moderate craniocervical dysfunction (27%). Students with craniocervical dysfunction presented temporomandibular disorder in 64.7%. Conclusions: In this study we found that there was an association between craniocervical dysfunction and temporomandibular disorders in the young adults evaluated.

COVID-19 and the continuity of the health emergency have led to the maintenance of social distancing and care in the capacity of public spaces during 2021. This continues to cause attendance at classes to be affected, forcing higher education institutions to continue their activities remotely. The dentistry career is eminently practical, in that sense many courses had to experience an adaptation to this new contingency. This article presents the adaptations, strategies and methodologies in two eminently clinical career courses that are taught in the sixth and seventh cycle of the dentistry career of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, called Integral Adult Clinic. III and Integral Clinic for Adults IV, which are taught in the first and second semesters of each year. It shows how these courses were carried out using the Zoom platform remotely simulation custom model (Manenquin-UPCH) with the aim of carrying out the acquisition of skills by the students. This is an unprecedented experience never before described to date.

Objective: To evaluate the preference and acceptability of six different orthodontic fixed appliance designs in Peruvian adolescents from two schools in Lima. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was executed. A total of 140 adolescents aged between 10 and 16 years completed a registration form in which the preference, acceptability, order of preference and acceptability to use were evaluated on six different designs of fixed orthodontic appliances displayed in a photo album. Results: Data analysis was performed using the SPSS program version 24.0. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as a level for significance. Due to the nature of the variables the Chi square test was used. Adolescents preferred metal brackets with colored elastomeric modules and steel arch (24.3%, n= 34); and the acceptability was 92.1%. For the order of preference, the following hierarchy was found from the first to the sixth place: metal brackets with colored elastomeric modules and steel archwire > sapphire brackets with transparent elastomeric modules and aesthetic archwire > metal brackets with transparent elastomeric modules and steel archwire > sapphire brackets with transparent elastomeric modules and steel archwire > sapphire brackets with colored elastomeric modules and steel archwire > self-ligating metal brackets and steel archwire/sapphire brackets with colored elastomeric modules and steel archwire. A statistically significant association was found for some questions about acceptability to use in relation to the age group, sex and educational institution. Conclusions: Adolescents preferred metallic brackets with colored elastomeric modules and steel arches. The less preferred appliances were the self-ligating metallic brackets with steel archwire and the sapphire brackets with colored elastomeric modules and steel archwire.

Surgical guides are essential devices for the proper placement of dental implants, being the computer generated surgical guide the most precise, its guide plane is at the level of the shaping drill, this new surgical guide has the guide plane at the level of the head of the micromotor, it is restrictive in the mesiodistal and vestibule / palatine-lingual directions, it has the advantage that it does not interfere with the cooling of the drill, it adapts to all implant systems, it does not require an additional kit. For the manufacture of said guide, the head of the micromotor must be modified by adding an element that will allow it to have 3 walls joined at a 90-degree angle, and on this the guide rail will be positioned, which will direct the shaping drills of the bone bed in the bone thickness of the alveolar ridge indicated by tomography and reverse planning. In 8 patients who required an implant, the proposed guide was used, and in another 8 the implant was placed with the freehand technique. With the proposed guide, it showed deviations that ranged from 0 mm to 0.61 mm; The deviations with the freehand technique were in the range of 0.58 to 1.56 mm. Statistically there was no significant difference. The main advantage of this guide is that it allows adequate cooling of the implant bed-forming drill, a new surgical kit is not required, it is compatible with any system; Among the disadvantages is that this head must be manufactured for each brand of micromotor, although the guide rail may be the same.