Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The world is a set of multicultural societies that have to develop rules of cohabitation to ensure a healthy, peaceful and democratic coexistence. The main objective of this study is to analyze some films to educate in tolerant attitudes from critical and reflective thinking through educommunication as a pedagogical tool for the development of social conscience. Reference is made to the methodological procedure used for a film from the theories about the filmic narrative, the semiotics of the story (SulbaránPiñeiro, 2016) and the ecological theory of Bronfenbrenner (Bronfenbrenner, 1986). It is aimed at adolescent students, age in which there is an increase in discrimination and prejudice is observed. Respect for the ideas of others and the need to understand the circunstances of each person are essential to eradicate racial prejudice. In today's society of fear and uncertainty, racism involves everyone and increases more easily.

Introduction: Human beings have not only had to contain the spread of the pandemic caused by covid -19, but also that of the excess of information about it. Objective: The objective is to analyze the disproved information related to covid -19 in Spain by the four organizations that have the International Fact-Checking Network seal. Methodology: An analysis was carried out through the International Fact-Checking Network database from which the channel through which the information was received, the format of the information and the aspect related to covid -19 to which it referred were extracted. Results: the results show that most of the misinformation about covid-19 was disseminated through social networks, especially in text format, and that this, moreover, was viral misinformation. Conclusion: The covid-19 pandemic has not only highlighted the importance of filtering incoming information, but also the danger that fake news can pose to the public, as well as the need to include the pandemic in an integrated public health information approach.

Introducción: En el contexto del desorden infodémico la pandemia de Covid-19 es una emergencia sanitaria que también se convirtió en una emergencia de comunicación. Objetivos: El propósito de la investigación era conocer cómo se han informado los italianos sobre la pandemia, qué fuentes han utilizado y sus valoraciones sobre la comunicación del sector sanitario público a nivel nacional y local. Metodología: La investigación cuantitativa consiste en una encuesta realizada mediante entrevistas telefónicas (técnicas CATI+CAMI) con un cuestionario estructurado a una muestra de italianos en junio y julio de 2021. Resultados: En promedio, ver la televisión, hablar con amigos, familiares o conocidos y consultar Internet son las principales formas de información. Las fuentes oficiales online son las más utilizadas, seguidas de los sitios institucionales que desempeñaron un papel destacado durante la pandemia: las regiones, el Ministerio de Sanidad y la Presidencia del Consejo. El 34% de los encuestados afirma consultar las páginas oficiales de redes sociales o las aplicaciones de mensajería de las instituciones. Conclusiones: En la comunicación pandémica, los italianos reconocen el papel crucial de las instituciones y de la información online, pero se abren diversos retos para el futuro de la comunicación del sector de la salud pública.

Uruguay lifted the health emergency in April 2022 and since then its citizens have led a normal life, free of masks and social distancing. The South American country has gone through several stages in the development of the pandemic, but even at the times of the highest peaks in infections in 2021, it has been able to maintain order, distance education and economic activity. Presidential communication and responsible freedom: The government has used transparent and continuous communication based on the concept of "responsible freedom" that has granted a degree of co-responsibility to the population. Prominence of science: the scientific community has been summoned to advise the Executive Power through the formation of the Honorary Scientific Advisory Group (GACH). This measure was approved by the population, which rewarded the government with credibility and compliance with the measures, and has led to greater recognition and interest in science. The use of a planned, continuous and scientifically based communication campaign was key to the mitigation and control of the pandemic in Uruguay.

Acquired cytomegalovirus infection in most cases generates mild and self-limited symptoms. However, on some occasions it can present severe manifestations, findings that occur more frequently in premature or immunosuppressed patients. The objective of this research is to describe multiorgan involvement of an acquired cytomegalovirus infection with gastrointestinal, hepatic, neurological, cardiac and hematological involvement in a young infant. In order to achieve that, it’s presented the clinical case of a 3-month-old male patient, who is born at term, is admitted to the institution due to the presence of fever and diarrhea. Upon admission it is suspected sepsis of bacterial origin that rapidly evolves to multiorgan failure with hepatic and hematological involvement, which required ventilatory and vasopressor support. Cytomegalovirus infection is identified in cerebrospinal fluid, which required of the initiation of antiviral treatment with intravenous Ganciclovir. During hospitalization, the patient persists with diarrheal episodes, with elevated liver enzymes, with development of disseminated intravascular coagulation, with severe thrombocytopenia. Patient with persistent clinical deterioration developing dilated cardiomyopathy with severe systolic dysfunction and dying 11 days after hospital admission. The main conclusion of this research is that cytomegalovirus has the ability to generate severe and multisystemic manifestations even in acquired infections, for which it is necessary to know these unusual presentations to suspect this infection early and to be able to give a targeted treatment.   Key words: Cytomegalovirus, Multiple organ failure, Infant, Sepsis. Source: DeCS, BIREME.

The growing incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, as well as the ineffectiveness regarding current therapy in difficult-to-control patients, has led to the need in expanding treatment options for this specific population, specifically seeking novel treatments that provide results in the short and medium term and few complications.  Throughout history, multiple attempts have been made to effectively transplant the organ responsible for counteracting high blood glucose levels caused by diabetes. Today, an increasing amount of literature demonstrates the advantage of whole pancreas transplantation when compared to other treatment options in patients with complicated diabetes and/or end stage renal disease. The following review provides an exploration in pancreas transplantation since its beginning, referring to the pioneers in the procedure, its development over time, and leading up to the current techniques.  Also, the types of pancreatic transplantation, its various indications, as well as innovative techniques, the immunosuppression currently used, the main and most frequent complications observed in this procedure and future directions in pancreas transplantation for the treatment of diabetes mellitus are reviewed.   Key words: Pancreas transplantation; islets of Langerhans transplantation; diabetes mellitus, type 1; diabetes mellitus, type 2; surgical procedure. Source: NLM, MeSH.

As SARS-CoV2 continues to spread around the world, there have been reports of children and adolescents with COVID-19-associated multisystem inflammatory conditions (SIMS-TAC) weeks after primary infection. This article reports the case of a 5-year-old patient with SARS-CoV2 infection and subsequent development of criteria for multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporarily associated with Coronavirus, also with suspected Dengue coinfection, with positive IgM. The importance of recognizing these cases, their spectrum of clinical presentation in the pediatric population during acute infection and the complication with SIMS-CT, which can lead to unfavorable clinical outcomes, proper diagnosis, timely management and confirmation will be announced. Molecular analysis of both viruses to achieve etiological identification, recognize when it is a co-infection or a cross-reaction and how to handle it appropriately for this type of case, to avoid complications.   Key words: Coronavirus; Dengue; Child; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Coinfection. Source: DeCS.

Tuberculosis continues to be a public health problem in Latin America and is one of the main causes of mortality in children. In its pulmonary form in an immunocompetent patient, typical symptoms are hemoptysis, productive cough, weight loss, fatigue, fever, and night sweats. The present case describes an atypical presentation such as spontaneous pneumothorax. This is an adolescent, with symptoms of dyspnea for 12 days without other symptoms, in whom a pneumothorax greater than 40%, fibrotic tracts in the left lung and mediastinal lymph nodes were radiologically documented. Managed with thoracostomy with pleur-evac drainage without improvement. Three smear microscopy, tuberculin skin test (PPD), Xpert MTB/RIF in sputum were negative. Xpert MTB/RIF in bronchoalveolar lavage positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis with intermediate resistance gene to Rifampicin confirmed with Genetype. Treatment with tetraconjugate (rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol) was started, with good clinical evolution. Tuberculosis is a disease with variable forms of presentation in children and depends on the patient's immune status, age, location and risk factors. Pneumothorax is an unusual manifestation of this pathology to take into account within the index of diagnostic suspicion.   Key words: pulmonary tuberculosis, pneumothorax, pediatrics. Source: DeCS.

Abstract: Elderly people are considered to be those over 60 years of age. Many investigations had been published on topics that involve this population of this age range, mainly related to their comorbidities and causes of death. The objective of this study is to describe the epidemiological characteristics of older adults hospitalized at the Ramos Mejía Sanatorium, in San Luis, Argentina, during May 2022. All patients admitted to the medical clinic or other services who received interconsultation of the latter, during the referred month. The population was 37 patients, 54% were men (46% women), with an average age of 76 years and a large part of them hypertensive (67.57%) or diabetics (35.14%). Most had medical coverage by INSSJP (National Institute of Social Services for Retirees and Pensioners). The mean length of stay was 10.41 days (SD 10.41). Only 4 patients required admission to the ICU (intensive care unit), for a mean of 5.97 days. The most frequent reason for hospitalization was pneumonia (18.92%). Of the hospital discharges, 21.6% were due to death, which mostly affected women, and the remaining reason for discharge was 56.52% due to resolution of the condition that led to admission. The most prevalent medication used at admission by this population was Metformin, 24.32%. Instead, the medication most frequently administered after admission was Ranitidine, 67.57%. In conclusion, according to the results, it was possible to epidemiologically characterize the elderly population of San Luis, Argentina. Key words: Aged, Health Services for the Aged, Geriatrics, Medicine, Argentina. Source: DeCS/MeSH.