Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) has been widely accepted around the world. The implementation of this system for a comunity are expensive because to use high-cost equipment, but thanks to the development of software-defined radio systems, it is possible to develop this type of network at a reduced cost. Access to telecommunications services in rural communities in Cuba is today a great challenge, mainly caused by the geographical location and the small number of habitants that make the deployment of infrastructure not economically feasible. The main contributions of the present work focus in an alternative cellular system and GSM network management software. It was shown that it is possible to build a mobile telephone network using free software components and low-cost hardware, which can be used in sparsely populated rural communities, as well as in emergency situations.

Applications with small unmanned vehicles have grown remarkably in recent years. Along with this, the interest and the need to carry out tasks using several of these vehicles has gained relevance. This paper presents the use of a formation based on the cluster space control technique between an unmanned surface vehicle and an aerial vehicle, with the aim of monitoring river basins. The different perception of the environment that each vehicle has and the ability to transport different sensors are fundamental characteristics for this type of application. Results are presented both in a simulation environment and in a real application with unmanned vehicles belonging to the research groups.

In this work, a Binary Quantized Convolution neural network for image classification is trained and evaluated. Binarized neural networks reduce the amount of memory, and it is possible to implement them with less hardware than those that use real value variables (Floating Point 32 bits). This type of network can be implemented in embedded systems, such as FPGA. A quantization-aware training was performed, to compensate for the errors caused by the loss of precision of the parameters. The model obtained an evaluation accuracy of 88% with the CIFAR-10 evaluation set.

This work presents the design and implementation of a phase-modulated signal generator, which allows a widerange of variation in its transmission parameters. The implemented circuit uses a minimum amount of FPGA resources. This was possible since the developed design stores a quarter cycle of the carrier, then the control logic decides which samples to take to obtain the established frequency and number of cycles per data, allowing a great variation. The output power of the signal is also configurable. In addition, the developed system allows data to be received through an external input or generated internally through a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG). The circuit was implemented using an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and a digital-analogue converter (DAC).

The objective of this research was to determine the incidence and risk of morbidity and perinatal mortality according to degrees of fetal macrosomia at the Hipólito Unanue hospital in Tacna from 2000-2019.Method:Aretrospective, epidemiological and analytical study of cases and controls was carried out using the medical records of the perinatal computer system (SIP) over a period of 20 years. The weight considered for fetal macrosomia was defined as 4,000 grams or more, grade I macrosomia as 4,000-4,499 grams, grade II as 4,500-4,999 grams, and grade III as 5,000 grams or more. All clinical records of the SIP with lack of information were excluded. Results: Of the 68,013 newborns over a 20-year period, 9,352 were macrosomic, where the incidence was 11.6% grade I, 1.9% grade II, and 0.3% grade III. The male sex was more prevalent in the three degrees of macrosomia. Morbidity had an incidence in grade I of 53.49%, grade II of 61.28% and grade III of 55.78%, with metabolic disorder being the pathology with the highest statistical significance. Asignificant statistical association was found in fetal and perinatal mortality in grades II and III. Conclusions: this study reflects a high incidence in Tacna of macrosomic newborns and there are significant differences in both morbidity and perinatal mortality according to the degrees of fetal macrosomia.

The femur fracture is the continuity solution of the bone surface. Neonatal fractures are extremely rare injuries and are part of obstetric traumas that affect the musculoskeletal system. We present the case of a full-term newborn with a fracture of the left femur, male, born by cesarean section due to respiratory depression and breech presentation. On physical examination, he presented deformity and external rotation of the lower left limb, the diagnosis was confirmed with a radiographic examination. There were some difficulties in the management and initial orthopedic care of the fracture. The first radiographs and the control ones showed a great displacement of the fracture that caused great concern in the health personnel and in the parents. The proposed treatment required the newborn to be hospitalized for a few days until the appearance of clinically palpable callus, with a favorable evolution.

The article reviews various methods of inducing breast cancer in laboratory rats, in which various organic chemical substances were used. In the methods mentioned, some aspects are detailed, such as the dose of administration, routes of administration, time of appearance of mammary tumors and type of tumor, as well as their possible location in size and number. It is concluded that there are four main compounds that induce breast cancer in laboratory rats, which are DMBA, NMU, 3-MCAand PhIP, of which the most prominent is NMU

A 2-month-old male patient admitted due to an emergency, brought by a mother who reports that she involuntarily combined his infant formula with industrial alcohol of dubious origin, which was administered orally to the patient; reason for which he started severe metabolic acidosis with elevated GAP anion due to a high possibility of methanol intoxication. The patient was evaluated and treated in the shock trauma unit of the Hipólito Unanue hospital in Tacna, where the emergency team began correcting the internal environment, ventilation invasive mechanics and post-cardiac arrest care. Knowledge of this case is important for the identification of suspected cases of methanol poisoning for early treatment.

Sr. Editor:Desde el inicio de la pandemia causada por el coronavirus del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo 2 (SARS-CoV-2), diversas entidades en todo el mundo han implementado estrategias y medidas que ayuden a minimizar la tasa de contagios y muertes, las cuales incluyen: el lavado de manos, el distanciamiento social, el uso de medidas de protección respiratoria y la vacunación, siendo esta última el método más costo-efectivo a usarse (1). Sin embargo, debido a la compleja respuesta del sistema inmunológico, poco sabemos sobre qué examen de laboratorio es el más indicado para verificar si la vacuna ha generado una adecuada respuesta inmune, siendo ampliamente utilizada la prueba de anticuerpos neutralizantes y sus derivados.Los anticuerpos son proteínas elaboradas por los linfocitos B como parte de la respuesta inmune humoral y típicamente se producen ante la presencia de un agente patógeno. En el caso del SARS-CoV-2, existen los anticuerpos dirigidos contra la nucleoproteína (N) del virus, los cuales son muy útiles para el diagnóstico mediante pruebas serológicas ampliamente usadas durante la pandemia; también, anticuerpos contra la denominada proteína “espícula” o “S”, que es la encargada de que el virus se ligue al receptor de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina tipo 2 (ECA2) en la célula humana y así la pueda invadir; entre otros anticuerpos contra las proteínas del virus (2) (3). Los denominados «anticuerpos neutralizantes» son aquellos anticuerpos con la capacidad de bloquear la infectividad y replicación del virus en las células, ya sea obstaculizando su anclaje, su entrada a la célula o a través de otros mecanismos. Son de particular interés, puesto que podrían brindar un correlato indirecto, aunque incompleto, de la protección que tiene un sujeto contra infecciones subsiguientes por el virus (3).La capacidad de neutralización de estos anticuerpos se detecta mediante pruebas específicas, tales como la prueba de neutralización por reducción en placas, la cual requiere de laboratorios con nivel de bioseguridad 3 debido a que se manipulan virus en replicación activa. Los recursos necesarios para implementar un laboratorio de este nivel hace poco plausible realizar este tipo de pruebas de manera rutinaria y a escala comunitaria. Si bien existen otras pruebas serológicas que cuentan con un alto coeficiente de correlación con la prueba de reducción de placas, no llegan a considerarse equiparables (4).Por el momento, se considera que no existe un único examen auxiliar que determine si una persona está protegida contra la infección por SARS-CoV-2 debido a que la respuesta inmune es compleja y no es únicamente mediada por anticuerpos, sino también por mecanismo de inmunidad celular. Aesta situación, se agrega el comportamiento diferenciado de las variantes del SARS-CoV-2 (5). La Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos (FDA), La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y el Centro para el Control y Prevención de Enfermedades (CDC), entre otros, ya han tenido un pronunciamiento respecto al tema, y no recomiendan realizar este tipo de exámenes debido a que pueden traer confusión en personas que reciben información inadecuada (4, 6)

INTRODUCTION: The nurse has, within its funcons, tohelp human beings to face this transional step from lifeto death, a warm, favorable and supporve atude is expected with the dying paent. The objecve was todetermine the atude of the nursing professionaltowards the care of the dying paent in the medicine andintensive care services of the Hospital Hipólito UnanueTacna during the year 2016. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Quantave, descripve and transversal study. Twentyfive nurses, twenty nurses from the medical service (intermediate care area, NICU) and five nurses from the Intensive Care Unit were included; the survey was used as a technique and a Likert-scale quesonnaire was used as an instrument. RESULTS: The atude of the nursingprofessional in the physiological dimension towards thecare of the dying paent is Indifferent in 52%; in thespiritual dimension it is Indifferent in 56% and in thepsycho-emoonal dimension it is Negave in 52%.CONCLUSION: The atude of the nursing professionaltowards the care of the dying paent is Indifferent (100%)in the medical services (intermediate care area NICU) andintensive care, there is no posive atude.