Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Peri-implantitis (PI) is the inflammatory reaction of the peri-implant mucosa, accompanied by the progressive loss of supporting bone around the implant, which can compromise its stability, function and aesthetics. It is diagnosed by radiographic measurement of the alveolar bone level, with or without clinical symptoms of inflammation and a probing depth greater than 4 mm. The objective of this work was to review the scientific evidence on the prevalence, etiology, predisposing factors, clinical behavior and imaging characteristics of PI. An electronic search was carried out in Google Scholar, PubMed and Scielo, considering the period between 2010-2022, and a total of 40 articles were selected. It is concluded that the main etiological agent of PI is the biofilm, however, its appearance and severity may be associated with the presence of predisposing factors such as Diabetes Mellitus, smoking, pre-existing periodontal disease and absence of keratinized mucosa, among others. Clinically, PI is related to bleeding on probing, gingival recession, and suppuration. Imaging evaluation of the peri-implant defect is routinely performed with periapical radiographs; Recent use of cone-beam computed tomography has allowed three-dimensional assessment of the defect, although considerations of radiation dose to the patient and image artifacts have been made that may limit its extensive use.

Objective: To build and validate an instrument to measure the level of knowledge about the Law that regulates the work of the dental surgeon in the Peruvian territory (Law No. 27878) of postgraduate students and teachers of the Stomatology Career of the Scientific University of South. Peru. Material and methods: The sample consisted of 38 dental surgeons, participants in the postgraduate program (20) and professors (18) of the Stomatology Career at the Universidad Científica del Sur. A structured questionnaire of 15 questions was developed based on the articles of Law No. 27878. Results: It was approved by Expert Judgment and submitted to Aiken's V with an average result of 0.95. A moderate level of correlation was obtained through the Pearson Correlation Coefficient and a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.8. Through the Exploratory Factor Analysis, 3 dimensions were formed. Conclusions: The instrument was correctly validated through 4 validity　tests. The level of knowledge of postgraduate students and teachers was very good in 60.5%.

Bad habits, such as poor posture during the use of technological devices, poor abdominal control and oral breathing pattern can lead to a forward head position, which has important implications for the entire future of the individual, especially at the stomatognathic system. There is a strong association between temporomandibular disorders and forward head syndrome. Where the muscular component is the main affected, with the appearance of more trigger points at the level of the sternocleidomastoid muscles, upper trapezius, rectus capitis posterior and upper oblique capitis. Degenerative changes in the temporomandibular joint have been observed, but evidence is still lacking to ensure that Forward Head Syndrome is the etiological factor.

Según recientes reportes epidemiológicos, el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo por coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandémico está próximo a desaparecer o, por lo menos, a que tengamos que convivir con él en forma de endemia, debido, enparte, a la inmunidad generada por las vacunas y, por otro lado, a la inmunidad de rebaño. Mientras esto sucede, el mundo espera nervioso la aparición de nuevas variantes o enfermedades zoonóticas, como la reciente viruela símica.

Orthodontists must fully inform patients about the implications of orthodontic treatment and the subsequent need for retention. This review provides an update on relapse, unwanted movements, and different factors that can cause loss of stability following orthodontic treatment. Since it is difficult to predict which patients will present some degree of loss of stability after treatment, it is essential that they be treated as if they have a high potential for relapse. The present review included a bibliographic search in the main sources of scientific review including Medline via PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane library. The search strategy was carried out until May 5, 2022. Only 34 studies fulfilled the selection criteria. Our results showed that maintaining teeth in the correct position following orthodontic treatment is a great challenge for orthodontists. The etiology of relapse is complex and not yet clearly established. Its origin is attributed to factors such as the time of gingival and periodontal tissue reorganization and changes produced by growth, compromising the stability of the results achieved with orthodontic treatment. The retention phase is necessary after orthodontic treatment to avoid relapse or loss of the occlusion results obtained. However, fixed retainers may induce unwanted tooth movement that may occur despite these retainers being attached and intact. There is currently no consensus among orthodontists regarding the ideal type of wire for fixed containment. We concluded that post-orthodontic treatment relapse is the result of a regression towards the original malocclusion. However, changes in the position of the teeth can also occur, which are considered as unwanted movements and have a multifactorial origin.

The aim of this review was to determine the incidence of different types of treatment and the prevalence of root resorption in incisors induced by orthodontic treatment in patients with open bite. Libraries and electronic databases were searched, with 322 articles being selected and 55 articles considered regarding the PRISMA checklist. It has been shown that apical root resorption of the incisors is more frequent in patients with premolar extractions than in those treated without extractions, due to greater apical displacement during retraction of the anterior teeth in the space closure phase. On the other hand, it has been described that intrusion of posterior teeth is four times more likely to cause root resorption than extrusion movement, thereby increasing the risk of root resorption in posterior teeth compared to conventional orthodontic treatment not requiring molar intrusions. Finally, aligners, such as orthodontic treatments with fixed appliances, have not been shown to induce clinically significant root resorption in open-bite individuals. Literature on root resorption in open bite treatments is scarce making difficult conclusions difficult. However, the amount of root loss in cases of open bite seems to be similar to that of individuals without an open bite.  

Sign language is the main means of communication for deaf people; consists of the combination of manual, body and facial movements with specific meanings. Among the main barriers faced by this community are the lack of communication, shortage of health services, added to the inexperience and lack of knowledge of sign language by the health professional. This article aims to raise awareness of the importance and need of sign language in dental clinical care and professional training, as well as strategies, tools and recommendations for better care for deaf people. Databases such as SciELO, Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect were included during the years 2007 and 2021 It was concluded that the main barriers during communication are the little knowledge of sign language in dentists, the little access to interpreters and difficulties in obtaining appointments; affecting the susceptibility to develop oral diseases. The inclusion of sign language courses within the university curriculum provides academic and professional ethics benefits; however, followup is necessary to confirm compliance with the requested parameters. Among the main toolsand strategies, the use of educational videos, the accompaniment of interpreters and, in view of technological development, the use of mobile applications, can facilitate communication. Likewise, a set of recommendations is proposed for the approach of adult and child deaf patients.

All of us who observe the chilling figures of children with dental caries on a daily basis and more recently the more frequent presence of enamel alterations and among them incisor molar hypomineralization, we begin to think what really happens with that tissue considered the strongest of the human body; however, it bows down to an acid attack resulting from bacterial metabolism and the question arises: Could it be that the tooth is already born with a predisposition to develop certain microorganisms? This comprehensive review of the literature, summarizing the authors' perspectives; aims to explore the knowledge about the biome and apply it to the dental organ and make available the definition of dentobiome, as an appropriate term for dental flora. Starting from this knowledge, apply it to better understand today the execution of the philosophy of minimal intervention and the development of materials that must be biocompatible with the dental structure but must also prevent dysbiosis and establish homeostasis in the tooth.

Our research topic is the result of the second part of a study with indigenous women at the Universidad Autónoma Chapingo (UACh). The study analyzes the motives that led indigenous students to study a major at the UACh, their admission to the university, personal and academic obstacles in their stay at the university, and finally their personal and professional expectations. It is a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive research conducted under the phenomenological method. In-depth interviews were applied to nine indigenous women students of the UACh. The interviews were processed using Atlas ti 8.4 software, a program that facilitates the qualitative analysis of textual data. The methodological analysis of the results is based on the phenomenological posture, whose primary interest is centered on the individual's experience. We concluded that there are a variety of expectations and meanings around the university, and that these students expect to contribute to their families and communities of origin at the end of their studies.

Higher education, from an ideal perspective, is considered a means to generate social mobility. However, this usually does not come about without being inevitably conditioned by educational aspects in terms of knowledge and skills or prevailing economic conditions in the environment, but rather by social aspects strong enough to inhibit such a transition. We conducted abibliographic review with the aim of delving into issues of social mobility as an idealistic current to achieve educational progress, equality and justice, with which we sought to determine the obstacles faced by graduates of higher education to achieve theirpurpose. To this end, we analyzed the concepts of educationism, intelligence racism and meritocracy, as well as their relationship with social mobility, the capital theory, and the experiences of first generation students in universities. We found that having a university education does not guarantee climbing the socioeconomic ladder of a country, and that the main obstacles to social mobility have their origin in the social and institutional field, so that, in addition to educating, it is necessary to achieve changes in other spheres of public life.